Hyperspectral field spectroscopy and SENTINEL-2 Multispectral data for minerals with high pollution potential content estimation and mapping

2020 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
pp. 140160
Author(s):  
Belgacem Dkhala ◽  
Nouha Mezned ◽  
Cécile Gomez ◽  
Saadi Abdeljaouad
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Potential ◽  
Multispectral Data ◽  
Field Spectroscopy ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Sentinel 2 ◽  
Potential Content

scholarly journals Nitrate Pollution of Groundwater Based on GIS in the City of Daloa, West-central Cote d Ivoire

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2579-2583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampah Georges Eblin ◽  
Kouakou Seraphin Konan ◽  
Oi Mangoua Jules Mangoua ◽  
Valentin Nedeff ◽  
Andrei Victor Sandu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Nitrate Pollution ◽  
Pollution Potential ◽  
Shallow Aquifers ◽  
West Central ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
The City

Doubt about the quality of tap water, due to its color, taste and unpleasant odors, forces a large part of the population of the city of Daloa (west-central of Cote d�Ivoire) to turn to spring and traditional wells waters whose quality is unknown. This study aims to assess the level of nitrate pollution of these shallow aquifers through 29 points including 9 spring and 20 traditional wells spread all over the city. Nitrate concentrations range from 2.5 mg/L to 301.1 mg/L, with 30% of the wells containing an excess of nitrate, beyond the WHO drinking standard (50 mg/L). The map of levels of nitrate concentrations in the city�s wells and springs shows the exposure of the populations of the old downtown neighborhoods to a high health risk due to the high pollution potential of nitrate in the water.

Air Pollution Potential East of the Rocky Mountains: Fall 1959

1961 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 615-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl M. Boettger
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Air Sampling ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pollution Potential ◽  
Synoptic Patterns ◽  
High Pollution

The weather over the eastern two-thirds of the United States was monitored, and air pollution potential forecasts were made and disseminated to affected cities. The experiment allowed for air sampling under a variety of synoptic patterns, and the results strengthen the validity of the previously developed criteria as indicators of prolonged periods of two or more days of high air pollution. Other considerations are indicated for the prediction of isolated days (not prolonged periods) of high pollution.

scholarly journals Soil Organic Carbon Mapping Using Multispectral Remote Sensing Data: Prediction Ability of Data with Different Spatial and Spectral Resolutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 2947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Žížala ◽  
Robert Minařík ◽  
Tereza Zádorová
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Prediction Ability ◽  
Multispectral Data ◽  
Multispectral Remote Sensing ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Sentinel 2

The image spectral data, particularly hyperspectral data, has been proven as an efficient data source for mapping of the spatial variability of soil organic carbon (SOC). Multispectral satellite data are readily available and cost-effective sources of spectral data compared to costly and technically demanding processing of hyperspectral data. Moreover, their continuous acquisition allows to develop a composite from time-series, increasing the spatial coverage of SOC maps. In this study, an evaluation of the prediction ability of models assessing SOC using real multispectral remote sensing data from different platforms was performed. The study was conducted on a study plot (1.45 km2) in the Chernozem region of South Moravia (Czechia). The adopted methods included field sampling and predictive modeling using satellite multispectral Sentinel-2, Landsat-8, and PlanetScope data, and multispectral UAS Parrot Sequoia data. Furthermore, the performance of a soil reflectance composite image from Sentinel-2 data was analyzed. Aerial hyperspectral CASI 1500 and SASI 600 data was used as a reference. Random forest, support vector machine, and the cubist regression technique were applied in the predictive modeling. The prediction accuracy of models using multispectral data, including Sentinel-2 composite, was lower (RPD range from 1.16 to 1.65; RPIQ range from 1.53 to 2.17) compared to the reference model using hyperspectral data (RPD = 2.26; RPIQ = 3.34). The obtained results show very similar prediction accuracy for all spaceborne sensors (Sentinel-2, Landsat-8, and PlanetScope). However, the spatial correlation between the reference mapping results obtained from the hyperspectral data and other maps using multispectral data was moderately strong. UAS sensors and freely available satellite multispectral data can represent an alternative cost-effective data source for remote SOC mapping on the local scale.

scholarly journals Dark Fermentation Process Response to the Use of Undiluted Tequila Vinasse without Nutrient Supplementation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 11034
Author(s):  
Juan José Rodríguez-Reyes ◽  
Octavio García-Depraect ◽  
Roberto Castro-Muñoz ◽  
Elizabeth León-Becerril
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Dark Fermentation ◽  
Clostridium Beijerinckii ◽  
Pollution Potential ◽  
Nutrient Supplementation ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Inoculum Type ◽  
Fermentative Process

The technical feasibility of valorizing tequila vinasse (TV), a wastewater with high pollution potential, through the production of biogenic hydrogen via dark fermentation, has long been proven in diverse lab-scale reactors that were operated either in batch or continuous mode. However, such systems have mainly been tested with diluted streams and nutrient supplementation, hindering the techno-economic attractiveness of the TV-to-hydrogen concept at large scale. In this study, the feasibility of producing hydrogen from high-strength undiluted TV with no added extra nutrients was evaluated under batch mesophilic conditions. Additionally, the use of two different acidogenic inocula obtained either by heat or heat-aeration pretreatment was investigated to get a greater understanding of the effect of inoculum type on the process. The results obtained showed that the TV utilized herein contained macro- and micro-nutrients high enough to support the hydrogenogenic activity of both cultures, entailing average hydrogen yields of 2.4–2.6 NL H2/L vinasse and maximum hydrogen production rates of 1.4–1.9 NL H2/L-d. Interestingly, the consumption of lactate and acetate with the concomitant production of butyrate was observed as the main hydrogen-producing route regardless of the inoculum, pointing out the relevance of the lactate-driven dark fermentative process. Clostridium beijerinckii was ascertained as key bacteria, but only in association with microorganisms belonging to the genera Enterobacter and Klebsiella, as revealed by phylogenetic analyses.

scholarly journals Contribution of Sentinel-2 data for applications in vegetation monitoring

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Addabbo ◽  
Mariano Focareta ◽  
Salvo Marcuccio ◽  
Claudio Votto ◽  
Silvia Liberata Ullo
Keyword(s):  
Added Value ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Vegetation Monitoring ◽  
Multispectral Data ◽  
Monitoring Applications ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Land Surfaces ◽  
Project Data ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Sentinel 2

<p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-US">With the entry into operation of the Sentinel-2 mission in June 2015, a new land monitoring costellation of twin satellites has been added to Copernicus project from ESA and new insights have been derived through the combination of Sentinel-2 data with other optical/multispectral data, and with other data from satellites belonging to the same Copernicus  project.  To this end, the objective of this paper has been to present new added-value tools first through the integration of different satellite platforms: data from NASA Landsat-8 and ESA Sentinel-1 have been used and combined, and furthermore through the comparison of satellite data all from the same Copernicus project: data from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 have been jointly processed and compared. Although data from optical/multispectral sensors, as those of Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2, and data from SAR on board of Sentinel-1,  are very different,  their combination provides useful and interesting results. The integration and combination of these data can find useful application in many fields from oceans to waterways, from land surfaces to fossil deposits, from vegetation to forest areas. In this works authors have focused their interest in green areas and vegetation monitoring applications, by choosing as case of interest the Royal Palace of Caserta and its gardens.  The idea has started from the increasing interest in monitoring  the cultural heritage monuments and in particular  the surrounding vegetation with the green areas and the parks inside. Satellite images can put into evidence boundaries modifications, the vegetation state, their possible degradation, and other phenomena such as changes in the territories due both to natural and to anthropogenic causes. Data combination from different sources as above specified gives a good number of indexes very useful to analyze the vegetation state and its health in a very deep way. Many of these indexes have been calculated and discussed for investigation.</span></p>

scholarly journals SNOW COVER MAPPING AND ICE AVALANCHE MONITORING FROM THE SATELLITE DATA OF THE SENTINELS

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3 ◽  
pp. 1765-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wang ◽  
B. Yang ◽  
Y. Zhou ◽  
F. Wang ◽  
R. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Atmospheric Correction ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Backscattering Coefficient ◽  
Multispectral Data ◽  
Monitoring Frequency ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Correction Result ◽  
Sentinel 2

In order to monitor ice avalanches efficiently under disaster emergency conditions, a snow cover mapping method based on the satellite data of the Sentinels is proposed, in which the coherence and backscattering coefficient image of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data (Sentinel-1) is combined with the atmospheric correction result of multispectral data (Sentinel-2). The coherence image of the Sentinel-1 data could be segmented by a certain threshold to map snow cover, with the water bodies extracted from the backscattering coefficient image and removed from the coherence segment result. A snow confidence map from Sentinel-2 was used to map the snow cover, in which the confidence values of the snow cover were relatively high. The method can make full use of the acquired SAR image and multispectral image under emergency conditions, and the application potential of Sentinel data in the field of snow cover mapping is exploited. The monitoring frequency can be ensured because the areas obscured by thick clouds are remedied in the monitoring results. The Kappa coefficient of the monitoring results is 0.946, and the data processing time is less than 2&amp;thinsp;h, which meet the requirements of disaster emergency monitoring.

scholarly journals Satellite monitoring of the environment in the area of the Iskitim coal mines in 2013–2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Rodionova
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
Multispectral Data ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Sentinel 2

The paper considers the use of multispectral data from the Landsat-8, Sentinel-2, Aqua and Terra satellites for monitoring pollution in the areas of open-pit coal mines in the Iskitim district of the Novosibirsk region for the period 2013–2020. The change in the values of the reflection coefficient (RC) from the surface and water bodies, the snow index NDSI during the snowmelt period, the change of NDVI in the summer, in the area of Kolyvansky and Vostochny coal mines and in the area of the Linevo village are considered. The dynamics of the aerosol optical thickness (AOT) changes, CO and CH4 concentrations in the atmosphere of the Iskitim district using the Giovanni data analysis and visualization system are shown.

scholarly journals A problemática ambiental decorrente dos resíduos sólidos gerados no processo produtivo do queijo

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 01
Author(s):  
M. A. Silva ◽  
S. N. R. Almeida ◽  
R. R. P. Almeida ◽  
E. C. A. Carolino ◽  
D. L. Crispim
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Potential ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Milk Serum ◽  
De Se ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Process Cheese ◽  
Cheese Production

<p>O processo de fabricação e comercialização de queijo, sejam eles em grandes agroindústrias ou de modo artesanal em pequenas propriedades rurais, é parte importante na economia brasileira, sobretudo para algumas regiões, a exemplo da região nordeste do Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi efetuar uma caracterização preliminar da produção de queijo, enfatizando o levantamento de suas relações com o meio ambiente e os possíveis aspectos e impactos ambientais decorrentes da produção de queijo. Para tanto, utilizou-se como processo metodológico uma revisão bibliográfica da problemática em estudo a fim de se obter a maior quantidade possível de informações, além de fazer uma correlação com estudos que traz alternativas para o aproveitamento do principal efluente gerado no processo produtivo do queijo, que é o soro derivado do  leite. O soro do leite é um subproduto de alto potencial poluidor, e as empresas perceberam que agregando valor a esse subproduto derivado do leite tem-se uma alternativa viável economicamente, além da redução dos custos com o tratamento de efluentes. Destacando assim, a necessidade de conscientização dos empresários deste segmento, bem como da instalação e/ou adequação de sistemas de tratamento eficientes dos resíduos e efluentes gerados em todas as etapas do processo, haja vista o alto potencial poluidor e impactante desta atividade.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>The environmental problems resulting from solid waste generated in the production process cheese</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The process of manufacturing and marketing of cheese, whether in big agribusiness or artisanal way in small farms, is an important part in the Brazilian economy, especially for some regions such as the northeast region of Brazil. The objective of this study was to perform a preliminary characterization of cheese production, emphasizing raising its relations with the environment and potential environmental aspects and impacts of the cheese production. For this purpose, it was used as a methodological process a literature of the problematic review of study in order to obtain the largest possible amount of information, and make a correlation with studies that brings alternatives to the use of the main wastewater generated in the production of the cheese making process, which is derived from milk serum. Whey is a high pollution potential by-product, and companies have realized that adding value to this byproduct derived from milk has an economically viable alternative, in addition to reducing the costs of treating effluents. Highlighting thereby the need for awareness of entrepreneurs in this segment as well as the installation and / or suitability of efficient treatment systems for waste and effluents generated at all stages of the process, given the high pollution potential and impacting this activity.</p>

scholarly journals Avaliação de nitrogênio e fósforo dos efluentes tratados dos abatedouros na cidade de Pelotas/RS

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Daniel Lucas Costa Rodrigues ◽  
Marcelo Peske Hartwig ◽  
Michel David Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Law ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Pollution Potential ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Emission Standards ◽  
Great Economic Importance ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Treated Effluents ◽  
Phosphorus Emission

The flesh agroindustrial sector is of great economic importance in Rio Grande do Sul, however this activity is also recognized by the high pollution potential. Considering the difficulties to fulfill the stringent nitrogen and phosphorus emission standards, this study aimed to assess the treated effluents of four slaughterhouses of the region of Pelotas/RS, relating them to the emission standards established by CONSEMA Resolution number 128/2006, after four years of the end of the period prescribed by law. All assessed companies fulfill the established discharge standard for phosphorus, but in relation to the KTN parameter, only 50% of the assessed companies fulfilled what is recommended by law, by concentration or by minimum removal efficiency. The results also indicated that two slaughterhouses must continue investing in the effluents treatment system to fulfill the applicable environmental law.

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