Gut microbiota limits heavy metals burden caused by chronic oral exposure

The concentrations of pollutants in soil samples collected in and around a dumpsite in Heze, Shandong, China, were investigated, and the potential ecological and health risks of these pollutants were assessed. Seventeen soil samples from five different locations were analysed for pollution characteristics, and the target pollutants included inorganic pollutants and heavy metals as well as volatile organic compounds/semivolatile organic compounds (VOCs/SVOCs). Results showed that the mean concentration level of each pollutant from the interior area was relatively higher than that from the boundary area of the dumpsite. Inorganic pollutants and heavy metals were detected in all of the soil samples. According to potential ecological risk assessment with environmental background values of Shandong as screening values, heavy metals in majority of the samples pose low ecological risk to the ecosystem except Hg. Hg poses a considerable or very high risk because of its high levels of accumulation. In consideration of future land use pattern, human health risks derived from environmental exposure to heavy metals were assessed. Carcinogenic risk and noncarcinogenic hazards for adults are acceptable, while noncarcinogenic hazards for children exceed the safety threshold. The health risks are primarily attributed to oral exposure to As and Cr.

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Diesel exhaust particles alter the profile and function of the gut microbiota upon subchronic oral administration in mice

Particle and Fibre Toxicology ◽

10.1186/s12989-021-00400-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sybille van den Brule ◽

Margaux Rappe ◽

Jérôme Ambroise ◽

Caroline Bouzin ◽

Chantal Dessy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Diesel Exhaust ◽

Mucociliary Clearance ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Diesel Exhaust Particles ◽

Oral Exposure ◽

Β Diversity ◽

Exhaust Particles ◽

And Function ◽

Dose Dependent

Abstract Background Ambient air pollution by particulate matters, including diesel exhaust particles (DEP), is a major cause of cardiovascular and metabolic mortality worldwide. The mechanisms by which DEP cause these adverse outcomes are not completely understood. Because the gut microbiota controls cardiovascular and metabolic health, we hypothesized that the fraction of inhaled DEP which reach the gut after mucociliary clearance and swallowing might induce gut dysbiosis and, in turn, contribute to aggravate or induce cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Results Female ApoE−/− mice fed a Western diet, and wild-type (C57Bl/6) mice fed standard diet were gavaged with DEP (SRM2975) doses corresponding to mucociliary clearance from inhalation exposure (200 or 1000 ng/day, 3 times a week for 3 months; and 40, 200 or 1000 ng/day, 3 times a week for 6 months, respectively). No mortality, overt systemic or digestive toxicity was observed. A dose-dependent alteration of the gut microbiota was recorded in both strains. In ApoE−/−, β-diversity was modified by DEP, but no significant modification of the relative abundance of the phyla, families or genera was identified. In C57BL/6 mice, DEP reduced α-diversity (Shannon and Simpson indices), and modified β-diversity, including a reduction of the Proteobacteria and Patescibacteria phyla, and an increase of the Campylobacterota phylum. In both mouse models, perturbation of the gut microbiota composition was associated with a dose-dependent reduction of bacterial short chain fatty acids (butyrate and propionate) in cecal content. However, DEP ingestion did not aggravate (ApoE−/−), or induce (C57BL/6 mice) atherosclerotic plaques, and no metabolic alteration (glucose tolerance, resistance to insulin, or lipidemia) was recorded. Conclusions We show here that oral exposure to DEP, at doses relevant for human health, changes the composition and function of the gut microbiota. These modifications were, however, not translated into ultimate atherosclerotic or metabolic outcomes.

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Oral Exposure of Mice to Carbendazim Induces Hepatic Lipid Metabolism Disorder and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Toxicological Sciences ◽

10.1093/toxsci/kfv115 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 147 (1) ◽

pp. 116-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Yuanxiang Jin ◽

Zhaoyang Zeng ◽

Yan Wu ◽

Songbin Zhang ◽

Zhengwei Fu

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Oral Exposure ◽

Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽

Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽

Hepatic Lipid ◽

Metabolism Disorder ◽

Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

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Does oral exposure to cadmium and lead mediate susceptibility to colitis? The dark-and-bright sides of heavy metals in gut ecology

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/srep19200 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Jérôme Breton ◽

Catherine Daniel ◽

Cécile Vignal ◽

Mathilde Body-Malapel ◽

Anne Garat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Oral Exposure ◽

Cadmium And Lead

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Immunotoxicological examination of repeated dose combined exposure by dimethoate and two heavy metals in rats

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/096032719901800205 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 88-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

L. Institóris ◽

Olga Siroki ◽

I Dési ◽

Ülkü Ündeger

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Liver Weight ◽

The Body ◽

Oral Exposure ◽

High Dose ◽

Combined Exposure ◽

Cell Content

The immunotoxicity of 28 days combined oral exposure by dimethoate (DM) and two heavy metals (Pb or Cd) was investigated in male Wistar rats. Immunotoxic and no-effect doses of DM (28.2 and 7.04 mg/kg) were combined with immunotoxic and no-effect doses of CdCl2 (6.43 and 1.61 mg/kg) or lead acetate (80.0 and 20.0 mg/kg) in such a way that the high dose of each substance was given in combination with the no-effect dose of the other. To examine the interactions of these agents, general toxico-logical (body weight gain, organ weights), haematological (absolute and differential WBC, RBC, MCV, Ht, cell content of the femoral bone marrow), and immune function (splenic PFC number, DTH reaction) parameters were measured. Treatment with the combination of Pb or Cd and DM did not result in a reduction of humoral (PFC) and cellular (DTH) immune responses, whereas treatment with the substances alone did result in immune suppression. This protecting effect can probably be attributed to an effect on the kinetics of the compounds tested rather than on the immune system itself. Further interactions were found in both combinations, DM-Cd and DM-Pb, in the body weight gain and in the relative liver weight; the DMPb combination also affected the relative thymus weight and the MCV value. These findings show that the immunotoxic effects of the investigated materials, including their detectability and health consequences, can be modified in case of combined exposure.

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Evaluation of Health Risks due to Heavy Metals in a Rural Population Exposed to Atoyac River Pollution in Puebla, Mexico

Water ◽

10.3390/w11020277 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 277 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gabriela Pérez Castresana ◽

Elsa Castañeda Roldán ◽

Wendy A. García Suastegui ◽

José L. Morán Perales ◽

Abel Cruz Montalvo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Health Risks ◽

Risk Index ◽

Hazard Index ◽

River Pollution ◽

Carcinogenic Risk ◽

Dry Season ◽

Polluted Water ◽

Oral Exposure ◽

Potential Health

The health risks of Emilio Portes Gil’s population, for the exposition to the Atoyac River pollution in the State of Puebla, was evaluated. The objective was to determine the concentration of nine heavy metals by ingesting water from wells and spri ngs. The chronic daily water intake (CDI), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risk index (CRI) in adults, teenagers, and children were estimated. The results showed that the concentration of Fe, Al, Ni, and Pb in some of the samples exceeded the recommended standards for human consumption and was significantly higher in the dry season. The hazard index (HI), due to the collective intake of metals, was higher in children (> 50% compared to adults), due to the consumption of spring water in the dry season. Risk of noncancerous diseases was not detected in the long term, since the indices did not exceed the unit (reference value). The carcinogenic risk from oral exposure to Cr (CRIchildren = 3.2 × 10−4), was greater than the acceptable limit (1 × 10−6) in the water spring, and Cr and Pb were the main metals that contributed to the potential health risk of the inhabitants. The study showed the risks by the intake of polluted water from the sources of supply in the region, and that the risk is higher in the dry season (> 100% compared with rainy season).

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Health risk assessment of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, and Mn) in wild oat grown in soils amended with sediment dredged from the Joumine Dam in Bizerte, Tunisia

Euro-Mediterranean Journal for Environmental Integration ◽

10.1007/s41207-020-00193-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Imen Ben Chabchoubi ◽

Slim Mtibaa ◽

Mohamed Ksibi ◽

Olfa Hentati

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Health Risk ◽

Evaluation Model ◽

Financial Burden ◽

Hazard Quotient ◽

Human Health Risk ◽

Oral Exposure ◽

Wild Oat ◽

Potential Health ◽

Initial Storage

AbstractThe Joumine Dam located in northern Tunisia has lost more than 20% of its initial storage capacity due to sedimentation, meaning that sediment management is necessary. The sediments at the reservoir bottom act as a sink for nutrients and chemicals originating from the upper agricultural lands and take the form of suspended particles. We proposed that the dredged sediments could be used to amend arid to semiarid soils, as this would partially cover the financial burden of dredging works and reduce the volume of these deposits. However, to check the feasibility of using the sediments as a fertilizer, it was necessary to assess the potential health risks from contaminants in the sediments. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the human health risk (i.e., the hazard quotient, HQ) from heavy metals consumed due to the ingestion of Bromus ramosus (wild oat) grown in soil amended with the Joumine Dam sediments. Plant growth was monitored in macrocosm (amendment rate of 1.17%) and microcosm (amendment rate ≤ 10%) bioassays to elucidate the metal concentrations in roots, stems, leaves, and seeds. Zn, Cu, and Mn concentrations were analyzed in the plants grown in the macrocosm experiments, while the follow-up was only performed for Zn in the plants grown in the microcosm experiments. The human exposure to soil pollutants (HESP) evaluation model was adopted to evaluate the health risk (HQ) to humans through direct and indirect oral exposure to heavy metals in wild oat. At the macrocosm scale, Cu was found to be the main source of risk (HQ = 1.86) to children. At the microcosm scale, utilization of the sediment reduced the mobility and bioavailability of copper in the soil, thus decreasing the potential health risk from this metal. Graphic abstract

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Gut Microbiota Combined With Metabolomics Reveals the Repeated Dose Oral Toxicity of β-Cyclodextrin in Mice

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2020.574607 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Shuangyu Lv ◽

Xiaomei Zhang ◽

Yu Feng ◽

Qiying Jiang ◽

Chenguang Niu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Signaling Pathway ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Oral Exposure ◽

Future Research ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Oral Toxicity ◽

Serum Metabolites ◽

Α Diversity

Βeta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with a hydrophobic cavity enables the formation of inclusion complexes with organic molecules. The formation of host–guest complexes makes the application of β-CD popular in many fields, but their interaction with organisms is poorly understood. In the present study, the effect of β-CD on gut microbiota (16S rRNA gene sequencing), serum metabolites (gas chromatography–mass spectrometry platform), and their correlation (Pearson correlation analysis) was investigated after 14 days repeated oral exposure in mice. β-CD did not significantly affect the α-diversity indexes, including Richness, Chao1, Shannon and Simpson indexes, but disturbed the structure of the gut bacteria according to the result of principal component analysis (PCA). After taxonomic assignment, 1 in 27 phyla, 2 in 48 classes, 3 in 107 orders, 6 in 192 families, and 8 in 332 genera were significantly different between control and β-CD treated groups. The serum metabolites were significantly changed after β-CD treatment according to the result of unsupervized PCA and supervised partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). A total of 112 differential metabolites (89 downregulated and 23 upregulated) were identified based on the VIP >1 from orthogonal PLS-DA and p <0.05 from Student’s t-test. The metabolic pathways, including ABC transporters, pyrimidine metabolism, purine metabolism, glucagon signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, were enriched by KEGG pathway analysis. Our study provides a general observation of gut microbiota, serum metabolites and their correlation after exposure to β-CD in mice, which will be helpful for future research and application of β-CD.

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