Tribological behavior of polyamide-6 plastics and their potential use in industrial applications

Wear ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 376-377 ◽  
pp. 1391-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.D. Neis ◽  
N.F. Ferreira ◽  
J.C. Poletto ◽  
J. Sukumaran ◽  
M. Andó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Potential Use

NANOCELLULOSE AND ITS POTENTIAL USE FOR SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Carlos Negro ◽  
Ana Balea Martín ◽  
Jose Luis Sanchez-Salvador ◽  
Cristina Campano ◽  
Elena Fuente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Potential Availability ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Market Perspective

Nanocellulose (NC) and its wide applications have attracted high attention due to its desirable properties such as high surface area, extraordinary mechanical properties, high reactivity and easy modification of NC surface due to the presence of primary hydroxyl groups. NC also presents several environmental benefits, including high potential availability because its production is coming from natural sources, renewability and nontoxicity. This paper briefly summarizes some of the activities of the research group “Cellulose, Paper and Water Advanced Treatments” from Complutense University of Madrid that were presented in CAIQ 2019, including the main types of NC, the production processes and their characterization. Additionally, the most promising NC applications are described such as for paper and board, for wastewater treatment, food and cement-based materials. Moreover, a market perspective of NC is also presented.

Structural features underlying the selective cleavage of a novel exo-type maltose-forming amylase fromPyrococcussp. ST04

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1659-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang-Hyun Park ◽  
Jong-Hyun Jung ◽  
Sung-Goo Park ◽  
Myeong-Eun Lee ◽  
James F. Holden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence Identity ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Closed Cavity ◽  
Helical Bundles ◽  
Sequence Identity ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Potential Use

A novel maltose-forming α-amylase (PSMA) was recently found in the hyperthermophilic archaeonPyrococcussp. ST04. This enzyme shows <13% amino-acid sequence identity to other known α-amylases and displays a unique enzymatic property in that it hydrolyzes both α-1,4-glucosidic and α-1,6-glucosidic linkages of substrates, recognizing only maltose units, in an exo-type manner. Here, the crystal structure of PSMA at a resolution of 1.8 Å is reported, showing a tight ring-shaped tetramer with monomers composed of two domains: an N-domain (amino acids 1–341) with a typical GH57 family (β/α)7-barrel fold and a C-domain (amino acids 342–597) composed of α-helical bundles. A small closed cavity observed in proximity to the catalytic residues Glu153 and Asp253 at the domain interface has the appropriate volume and geometry to bind a maltose unit, accounting for the selective exo-type maltose hydrolysis of the enzyme. A narrow gate at the putative subsite +1 formed by residue Phe218 and Phe452 is essential for specific cleavage of glucosidic bonds. The closed cavity at the active site is connected to a short substrate-binding channel that extends to the central hole of the tetramer, exhibiting a geometry that is significantly different from classical maltogenic amylases or β-amylases. The structural features of this novel exo-type maltose-forming α-amylase provide a molecular basis for its unique enzymatic characteristics and for its potential use in industrial applications and protein engineering.

Novel Templated Polyphenol for Ionic Conductivity

2001 ◽  
Vol 702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinando F. Bruno ◽  
Ramaswamy Nagarajan ◽  
Jayant Kumar ◽  
Lynne A. Samuelson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Polyethylene Oxide ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Potential Use

ABSTRACTPhenolic polymers and phenol formaldehyde resins are of great interest for a number of electronic and industrial applications. Unfortunately, the toxic nature of the starting materials (formaldehyde) and harsh reaction conditions required for the synthesis of these polymers have severely limited their use in today’s markets. We present here an alternative, biocatalytic approach where the enzyme horseradish peroxidase is used to polymerize phenol in the presence of a template such as polyethylene oxide. Here the template serves as a surfactant that can both emulsify the phenol and polyphenol chains during polymerization and maintain water/solvent solubility of the final polyphenol/template complex. The reactants and the reaction conditions of this approach are mild and result in high molecular weight, electrically and optically active, water-soluble complexes of polyphenol and the template used. High molecular weight water-soluble polyphenol/polyethylene oxide complexes were formed. The ionic conductivity and potential use of these polymers as polyelectrolytes for battery and solution cell applications will be discussed.

Catalysis and inactivation of tyrosinase in its action on o-diphenols, o-aminophenols and o-phenylendiamines: Potential use in industrial applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Muñoz-Muñoz ◽  
Maria del Mar García-Molina ◽  
Francisco Garcia-Molina ◽  
Jose Berna ◽  
Pedro Antonio Garcia-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Potential Use

scholarly journals Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Tribological Behavior of Magnetron-Sputtered MoS2 Solid Lubricant Coatings Deposited under Industrial Conditions

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Armin Seynstahl ◽  
Sebastian Krauß ◽  
Erik Bitzek ◽  
Bernd Meyer ◽  
Benoit Merle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Lubricant ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Substrate Rotation ◽  
Substrate Distance ◽  
Large Target ◽  
Lubrication Performance ◽  
Consistent Change

Depositing MoS2 coatings for industrial applications involves rotating the samples during the PVD magnetron sputtering process. Here, we show that a 3-fold substrate rotation, along a large target–substrate distance given by the deposition unit, introduces porosity inside the coatings. The mechanical properties and wear behavior strongly correlate with the degree of porosity, which, in turn, depends on the temperature and the rotational speed of the substrate. Ball-on-disk tests and nanoindentation wear experiments show a consistent change in tribological behavior; first, a compaction of the porous structure dominates, followed by wear of the compacted material. Compaction was the main contributor to the volume loss during the running-in process. Compared to a dense coating produced without substrate rotation, the initially porous coatings showed lower hardness and a distinct running-in behavior. Tribological lifetime experiments showed good lubrication performance after compaction.

scholarly journals DERIVATION OF MOTIVATORS FOR THE USE OF ALUMINUM FOAM SANDWICH AND ADVANTAGEOUS APPLICATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 933-942
Author(s):  
Patrick Hommel ◽  
Daniel Roth ◽  
Hansgeorg Binz
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Foam ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
Series Production ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Material Combination ◽  
Good Energy ◽  
Innovative Material ◽  
Potential Use

AbstractAluminum foam sandwich (AFS) is an innovative material combination for designing lighter products and has many advantages such as a high bending stiffness at a low density and good energy absorption properties. Although the material is ready for series production, the number of industrial applications is low because of the high costs of the material, a lack of design knowledge and missing reference applications. This paper focuses on the aspect of missing reference applications and how to improve this situation in order to give designers an idea of where the material could be used profitably and to provide the basis for a selection method. Therefore, a systematic literature review is carried out to identify profitable applications with their respective advantages. As a main result, a set of motivators for the use of aluminum foam sandwich is developed, which will support the designer in evaluating the potential use of aluminum foam sandwich.

scholarly journals Structure and Potential Applications of Polyamide 6/Protein Electro-spun Nano-fibrous Mats in Sorption of Metal Ions and Dyes from Industrial Effluents

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-335
Author(s):  
Hosam El-Sayed ◽  
Salwa Mowafi ◽  
Marwa Abou Taleb ◽  
Claudia Vineis
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Potential Use

The main objective of this work is the preparation of nano-fibrous mats (NFM) from polyamide 6 (PA6) reinforced and functionalized by renewable proteinic waste and examining their potential use for the sorption of heavy metal ions and dyes from wastewater from textile plants. Two renewable waste biopolymers; namely keratin (from waste of wool combing) and sericin (from degumming of natural silk) were extracted and regenerated. NFM were prepared by electro-spinning of PA6/ biopolymer composites in formic acid using nozzle-less electro-spinneret. The potential of the prepared mats for sorption of Cr+6, Cr+3, Cu+2, and Pb+2 cations as well as anionic and cationic dyes from wastewater was assessed. The prepared composites were characterized by measuring their viscosity, nano-fibre diameter, pore size, thickness, and air permeability. The morphological structure of the electro-spun NFM was investigated by scanning electron Microscopy. Chemical and physical properties of the obtained mat were studied FTIR, TGA, DSC, and XRD. The capacity of the prepared NFM for sorption of cations and dyes depended on the mat composition and the nature of the adsorbed cation or dye. This work meets some environmental and economic demand by extraction of keratin and sericin from waste materials and their utilization in reinforcement of PA6 NFM for sorption of selected cations as well as dyes from textile effluents.

scholarly journals Isolation and identification of proteolytic, amylolytic, lipolytic, and chitinolytic bacteria from shrimp waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. e18353
Author(s):  
Susana Sirvas Cornejo ◽  
Vanesa Buleje ◽  
Licia Salvatierra ◽  
Michael L. Jaramillo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Shrimp Waste ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Microbial Enzymes ◽  
Chitinolytic Bacteria ◽  
By Products ◽  
Potential Use

Bacteria and microbial enzymes are biocatalysts and can be used as an alternative to industrial chemical processes. The present study focused on isolating and identifying bacterial strains from shrimp waste, that produce amylases, lipases, proteases and chitinases with potential use on shrimp waste treatment. Thirty-two bacterial strains were isolated, phenotypically characterized, and identified by the API system and the molecular analysis of the 16S rDNA. It was found that 28.13% of the isolated bacterial strains had amylolytic capacity, 87.50% lipolytic, 96.88% proteolytic and 28.13% chitinolytic capacity on agar plates with specific substrates. The genera Bacillus, Burkholderia, Ochrobactrum, Vibrio, Pseudomonas and Shewanella were identified. Bacteria with enzymatic capacities isolated in the present study, could be used to obtain by-products from shrimp waste as well as other industrial applications.

Enhancing the tribological and mechanical properties of M50 steel using solid lubricants – A detailed review

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
FA Essa ◽  
Qiaoxin Zhang ◽  
Xingjiu Huang ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Mahmoud Ibrahim ◽  
Mohamed Kamal Ahmed Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Solid Lubricant ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Solid Lubricant Additives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Future Work ◽  
M50 Steel

Recent strides in contact mechanics of M50 steel offer unique opportunities for better and more control of its tribological behavior and mechanical properties under different contact and surrounding conditions. Most researchers have focused on the solid lubricants on M50 steel as the key strategy for improving the tribological properties. In this paper, we have selected a wide range of previous late studies to discuss the different mechanisms leading to an improvement in the tribological properties of M50 steel via solid lubricants. A discussion of M50 steel industrial applications is also reviewed. The main objective is to develop an exhaustive understanding of the tribological behavior of M50 steel with solid lubricant additives under different conditions and also provide some prospects to be considered for future work.

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