Leaf chlorosis and carbon metabolism of eggplant in response to continuous light and carbon dioxide

1996 ◽  
Vol 67 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ephraim N. Murage ◽  
Noriko Watashiro ◽  
Masaharu Masuda
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis

Carbohydrate status and postharvest leaf chlorosis of miniature roses as influenced by carbon dioxide enrichment

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihal C. Rajapakse ◽  
David G. Clark ◽  
John W. Kelly ◽  
William B. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Enrichment ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Carbohydrate Status

scholarly journals Production and Postharvest Characteristics of Rosa hybrida L. `Meijikatar' Grown in Pots under Carbon Dioxide Enrichment

1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Clark ◽  
John W. Kelly ◽  
Nihal C. Rajapakse
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Rosa Hybrida ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Enrichment ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis

The effects of carbon dioxide enrichment on growth, photosynthesis, and postharvest characteristics of `Meijikatar' potted roses were determined. Plants were grown in 350, 700, or 1050 μl CO2/liter until they reached 50% flower bud coloration and then were placed into dark storage for 5 days at 4 or 16C. Plants grown in 700 or 1050 μl CO2/liter reached the harvest stage earlier and were taller at harvest than plants produced in 350 μl CO2/liter, but there were no differences in the number of flowers and flower buds per plant among CO2 treatments. Plants grown in early spring were taller and had more flowers and flower buds than plants grown in late winter. Shoot and root growth of plants grown in 700 or 1050 μl CO2/liter were higher than in plants produced in 350 μl CO2/liter, with plants grown in early spring showing greater increases than plants grown in late winter. Immediately after storage, plants grown in 350 μl CO2/liter and stored at 4C had the fewest etiolated shoots, while plants grown in 1050 μl CO2/liter and stored at 16C had the most. Five days after removal from storage, chlorophyll concentration of upper and lower leaves had been reduced by ≈50% from the day of harvest. Carbon dioxide enrichment had no effect on postharvest leaf chlorosis, but plants grown in early spring and stored at 16C had the most leaf chlorosis while plants grown in late winter and stored at 4C had the least leaf chlorosis.

scholarly journals The limiting factors and regulatory processes that control the environmental responses of C3, C3–C4 intermediate, and C4 photosynthesis

Oecologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Johnson ◽  
Christopher B. Field ◽  
Joseph A. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Bundle Sheath ◽  
Compensation Point ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cyt B ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractHere, we describe a model of C3, C3–C4 intermediate, and C4 photosynthesis that is designed to facilitate quantitative analysis of physiological measurements. The model relates the factors limiting electron transport and carbon metabolism, the regulatory processes that coordinate these metabolic domains, and the responses to light, carbon dioxide, and temperature. It has three unique features. First, mechanistic expressions describe how the cytochrome b6f complex controls electron transport in mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts. Second, the coupling between the mesophyll and bundle sheath expressions represents how feedback regulation of Cyt b6f coordinates electron transport and carbon metabolism. Third, the temperature sensitivity of Cyt b6f is differentiated from that of the coupling between NADPH, Fd, and ATP production. Using this model, we present simulations demonstrating that the light dependence of the carbon dioxide compensation point in C3–C4 leaves can be explained by co-occurrence of light saturation in the mesophyll and light limitation in the bundle sheath. We also present inversions demonstrating that population-level variation in the carbon dioxide compensation point in a Type I C3–C4 plant, Flaveriachloraefolia, can be explained by variable allocation of photosynthetic capacity to the bundle sheath. These results suggest that Type I C3–C4 intermediate plants adjust pigment and protein distributions to optimize the glycine shuttle under different light and temperature regimes, and that the malate and aspartate shuttles may have originally functioned to smooth out the energy supply and demand associated with the glycine shuttle. This model has a wide range of potential applications to physiological, ecological, and evolutionary questions.

scholarly journals Effects of Air Temperature Regimes on Physiological Disorders and Floral Development of Tomato Seedlings Grown under Continuous Light

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1304-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumi Ohyama ◽  
Yoshitaka Omura ◽  
Toyoki Kozai
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Physiological Disorders ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis

Providing continuous light (24-h photoperiod) at a relatively low photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) is one possible way to reduce both initial and operational costs for lighting and cooling during transplant production with an artificial light. However, physiological disorders (i.e., chlorosis and necrosis) are often observed in several species under continuous light with a constant temperature. The objective of this study was to find an effective air-temperature regime under the continuous light to avoid such physiological disorders, and simultaneously enhance floral development, using tomato [Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.] as a model. The seedlings with fully expanded cotyledons were grown for 15 d at a PPF of 150 μmol·m–2·s–1, a relative humidity of 70%, and a CO2 concentration of about 380 μmol·mol–1 (atmospheric standard). Leaf chlorosis was observed when the air temperature was constant regardless of average air temperature (16, 22,or 28 °C). Neither leaf chlorosis nor necrosis was observed when the air temperatures were alternated [periods of high (28 °C) and low (16 °C) air temperatures of 16/8, 12/12, and 8/16 h·d–1]. Faster floral development was observed in the seedlings grown at lower average air temperatures. These results indicated that physiological disorders of tomato seedlings grown under continuous light could be avoided, and at the same time floral development could be enhanced, by lowering the average air temperature through modification of the periods of high and low air temperatures.

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Profiling of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Solieriaceae) in Response to Light of Different Wavelengths and Carbon Dioxide Enrichment

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1236
Author(s):  
Vun Yee Thien ◽  
Kenneth Francis Rodrigues ◽  
Christopher Lok Yung Voo ◽  
Clemente Michael Vui Ling Wong ◽  
Wilson Thau Lym Yong
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Kappaphycus Alvarezii ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Genomic Databases ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Rhodophyta (red algae) comprises over 6000 species, however, there have only been a few comparative transcriptomic studies due to their under-representation in genomic databases. Kappaphycus alvarezii, a Gigartinales algae, is a valuable source of carrageenan and is extensively cultivated in many countries. The majority of seaweed farming in Southeast Asia is done in intertidal zones under varying light (i.e., spectra and irradiance) and carbon dioxide (CO2) conditions, which affects the rate of photosynthesis. This study conducted transcriptome profiling to investigate the photosynthetic mechanisms in K. alvarezii exposed to different wavelengths of light (i.e., blue, green, and red light, in comparison to white light) and CO2 availability. We analyzed the responses of photosynthetic protein complexes to light and observed that light of different wavelengths regulates a similar set of photosynthetic apparatuses. Under CO2 enrichment, genes encoding C3 and C4 enzymes were found to be actively transcribed, suggesting the likely shift in the carbon metabolism pathway or the involvement of these genes in adaptive physiological processes. This study contributes to the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of photosynthetic carbon metabolism in red algae and has implications for the culture and commercial production of these economically valuable macroalgae.

scholarly journals Metabolic diversification of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea in a deep-sea cold seep

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-441
Author(s):  
Wen-Li Li ◽  
Yu-Zhi Wu ◽  
Guo-wei Zhou ◽  
Hui Huang ◽  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
Cold Seeps ◽  
Sulfate Concentration ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Methane Oxidization

Abstract Anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) can assimilate methane and govern the greenhouse effect of deep-sea cold seeps. In this study, a total of 13 ANME draft genomes representing five ANME types (ANME-1a, ANME-1b, ANME-2a, ANME-2b and ANME-2c), in size between 0.8 and 1.8 Mbp, were obtained from the Jiaolong cold seep in the South China Sea. The small metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) contained all the essential pathways for methane oxidization and carbon dioxide fixation. All genes related to nitrate and sulfate reduction were absent from the MAGs, indicating their syntrophic dependence on partner organisms. Aside from acetate secretion and sugar storage, propanoate synthesis pathway, as an alternative novel carbon flow, was identified in all the MAGs and transcriptionally active. Regarding type-specific features of the MAGs, the genes encoding archaellum and bacteria-derived chemotaxis were specific to ANME-2, perhaps for fitness under fluctuation of methane and sulfate concentration flux. Our genomic and transcriptomic results strongly suggested that ANME could carry out simple carbon metabolism from C1 assimilation to C3 biosynthesis in the SCS cold seep, which casts light on a novel approach for synthetic biology.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF CARBON DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT ON PRODUCTION AND POSTHARVEST CHARACTERISTICS OF POTTED ROSES (Rosa × hybrida `Meijikatar')

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1160a-1160
Author(s):  
D.G. Clark ◽  
J.W. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rosa Hybrida ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Enrichment ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Production Time ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis

Potted Rosa × hybrida `Meijikatar' plants were produced at 350, 700, and 1050 μl·liter-1 CO2. At a stage of development where half of the flowers showed color, plants were placed into simulated shipping incubators for 5 days at 4 or 16 C.Increased CO2 levels resulted in shorter production time, increased root dry weight, increased plant height, and reduced total chlorophyll in the upper leaves of the plants. Upon removal from simulated shipping, the number of etiolated shoots per plant increased with increased CO2 concentration. After 5 days in a simulated interior environment, higher shipping temperatures induced more leaf chlorosis, but there were no differences in leaf chlorosis due to CO2 enrichment.

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