Seasonality of births in affective disorder in an Irish population

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Clarke ◽  
F Keogh ◽  
PT Murphy ◽  
M Morris ◽  
C Larkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Fourth Quarter ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Irish Population ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Seasonality Of Births

SummarySeasonal variation in the births of patients with schizophrenia is a consistently replicated epidemiological finding. Few studies have investigated this phenomenon among patients with a diagnosis of affective disorder. The majority of season of birth studies have employed the chi square test for statistical analysis, a method that has been subject to some criticism. Using a Kolgomorov-Smirnov type statistic, the quarterly birth distribution of 6,646 patients with an ICD 9/10 diagnosis of affective disorder were compared to the general population. Only the births of those individuals with unipolar forms of affective disorder (n = 4,393) differed significantly from the general population, with significant excesses and deficits in the second quarter and fourth quarter respectively. These results were not altered by application of the displacement test. © 1998 Elsevier, Paris

Seasonal influences on admissions for affective disorder and schizophrenia in Ireland: a comparison of first and readmissions

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Clarke ◽  
P. Moran ◽  
F. Keogh ◽  
M. Morris ◽  
A. Kinsella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Seasonal Influences ◽  
Log Linear

SummaryAlthough genetic and environmental factors operating before or around the time of birth have been demonstrated to be relevant to the aetiology of the major psychoses, a seasonal variation in the rates of admission of such patients has long been recognised. Few studies have compared first and readmissions. This study examined for seasonal variation of admission in the major psychoses, and compared diagnostic categories by admission status. Patients admitted to Irish psychiatric inpatient facilities between 1989 and 1994 with an ICD-9/10 diagnosis of schizophrenia or affective disorder were identified from the National Psychiatric Inpatient Reporting System (NPIRS). The data were analysed using a hierarchical log linear model, the chi-square test, a Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) type statistic, and the method of Walter and Elwood. The hierarchical log linear model demonstrated significant interactions between the month of admission and admission order (change in scaled deviance 28.77, df = 11, P < 0.003). Both first admissions with mania, and readmissions with bipolar affective disorder exhibited significant seasonality. In contrast, only first admissions with schizophrenia showed significant seasonal effects. Although first admissions with mania and readmissions with bipolar disorder both show seasonality, seasonal influences appear to be more relevant to onset of schizophrenia than subsequent relapse.

Association Between Positive Occipital Sharp Transients of Sleep and Lambda Waves

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-221
Author(s):  
Ushtar Amin ◽  
Lucy Sullivan ◽  
Pat Trudeau ◽  
Selim R. Benbadis
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
High Association ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Strong Similarity ◽  
Continuity Correction ◽  
Chi Square Test

Positive occipital sharp transients of sleep (POSTS) and lambda waves have similar morphology and location. We studied a possible association between these 2 normal EEG patterns. We reviewed a series of consecutive unselected ambulatory EEGs during a 3-month period (October 16, 2017 to January 19, 2018) and identified records with POSTS and records with lambda waves. Statistical analysis was performed using a chi-square test. A total of 140 ambulatory EEGs were reviewed. Duration of EEGs ranged from 24 to 168 hours (mean 76 hours). The population was 34% males, with ages ranging from 3 to 93 years (mean 48 years). Of the 140 records, 30 were abnormal, including 20 with epileptiform abnormalities. A chi-square test for independence (with Yates continuity correction) indicated a significant association between POSTS and lambda waves, χ2(1, n = 140) = 69.208, p < .001, φ = 0.72. In addition, 100% of records with lambda waves had POSTS, and 72% of records with POSTS had lambda waves. There is a high association between lambda waves and POSTS. This suggests a strong similarity between the 2 waveforms, and possibly a common occipital generator.

scholarly journals A Study on the impact of Coping Strategies over Stress Management – An Empirical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 5566-5573
Author(s):  
Ch.Narahari Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Stress Management ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Software Industry ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Impact

In the present study we analyze the employees’ perception towards coping measures adopted byfirms in software industry. The considered coping constructs adopted for the study in stress abatement areVenting of Emotions,Problem Focused, Seeking Information and emotional support, Positive Emotion-Focused, were, employee perception was acquired by a systematic survey.A total sample of 800 employees’perceptions have been collected through simple random technique and out of which survey respondents, irregular responses are eliminated finally 756 samples are determined for statistical analysis. Chi-square test was performed to determine the association between perceptions and model constructs. Results are reported and discussions are made as per the results and in correlation between results of previous literature.Finally, suggestions and future indication for extension of the study are proposed.

Prevalence of Premature Eruption and Agenesis of Premolars in Turkish Children: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Nagihan Koc ◽  
Elif Ballikaya ◽  
Zafer Cavit Cehreli
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Turkish Children ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Demirjian’S Method ◽  
Clinical Problems ◽  
Stage D

Objective: To determine the prevalence and distribution of premature eruption and agenesis of premolars in a sample of Turkish children. Study design: A sample of 1715 patients aged 5 to 11 years was selected. Panoramic radiographs were used to assess premature eruption and agenesis of premolars. Developmental stage of erupted premolars was assessed using Demirjian’s method and selecting prematurely erupted premolars on the basis of clinical eruption with a root length less than half of their final expected root lengths. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test (p &lt;.05). Results: One hundred fifteen (6.7%) of 1715 patients presented at least one premolar agenesis with no significant sex difference (56 boys, 59 girls). Mandibular second premolars were the most absent teeth. Multiple agenesis of premolars (3.4%) was more common than single agenesis (3.3%). A total of 85 (5.0%) patients (51 boys, 34 girls; no significant sex difference) had at least one prematurely erupted premolar, and maxillary first premolars were most commonly affected. Early erupted premolars were in stage D or E based on Demirjian’s dental formation scale. Conclusions: The prevalence of premature eruption and agenesis of premolars in Turkish children were 5.0% and 6.7%, respectively. Both conditions are not uncommon and may highlight the need for early diagnosis to prevent subsequent clinical problems.

scholarly journals Palatal Rugae Pattern in Nepalese Subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipshikha Bajracharya ◽  
Anisha Vaidya ◽  
Sunaina Thapa ◽  
Sujita Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Statistical Significant Difference ◽  
Palatal Rugae ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gender Groups

Objective: To determine the number and pattern of palatal rugae in Nepalese subjects and to find the association of gender with the number and pattern of palatal rugae. Materials & Method: 200 Nepalese subjects comprising of 100 male and 100 female were randomly selected and their maxillary casts were examined for the palatal rugae length applying the classification proposed by Thomas and Kotze and palatal rugae pattern was recorded using the classification given by Kapali. Statistical analysis using Student t-test was applied for comparing the number of palatal rugae between right and left sides. Chi square test was used to find the association between gender and number of rugae as well as the pattern. Result: The study demonstrated that the mean number of primary palatal rugae on left side was predominant, similarly wavy pattern was the most predominant in Nepalese subjects. No statistical significant difference was noticed in the palatal rugae number and pattern between the gender groups. Conclusion: The study found predominant palatal form in Nepalese subjects which might have superior effectiveness in population differentiation and may be used as an effective tool in forensic odontology identification.  

scholarly journals Relationship between Undescended Testis Position and Prevalence of Testicular Appendices, Epididymal Anomalies, and Patency of Processus Vaginalis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano A. Favorito ◽  
Helce Riberio Julio-Junior ◽  
Francisco J. Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Undescended Testis ◽  
Inguinal Canal ◽  
Human Fetuses ◽  
Processus Vaginalis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objectives. To assess the incidence of testicular appendices (Tas), epididymal anomalies (EAs), and processus vaginalis (PV) patency in patients with undescended testis (UT) according to testicular position and to compare them with human fetuses. Methods. We studied 85 patients (108 testes) with cryptorchidism and compared the features with those of 15 fetuses (30 testes) with scrotal testes. We analyzed the relationships among the testis and epididymis, patency of PV, and the presence of TAs. We used the Chi-square test for statistical analysis (p<0.05). Results. In 108 UT, 72 (66.66%) had PV patent, 67 (62.03%) had TAs, and 39 (36.12%) had EAs. Of the 108 UT, 14 were abdominal (12.96%; 14 had PV patency, 9 TAs, and 7 EAs); 81 were inguinal (75%; 52 had PV patency, 45 TAs, and 31 EAs), and 13 were suprascrotal (12.03%; 6 had PV patency, 13 TAs, and 1 EAs). The patency of PV was more frequently associated with EAs (p=0.00364). The EAs had a higher prevalence in UT compared with fetuses (p=0.0005). Conclusions. Undescended testis has a higher risk of anatomical anomalies and the testes situated in abdomen and inguinal canal have a higher risk of presenting patency of PV and EAs.

Uptake and effectiveness of FOLFIRINOX for advanced pancreas cancer: A population-based study.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (8_suppl) ◽  
pp. 245-245
Author(s):  
Safiya Karim ◽  
Jina Zhang-Salomons ◽  
James Joseph Biagi ◽  
Tim Asmis ◽  
Christopher M. Booth
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Pancreas Cancer ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Palliative Intent ◽  
Funding Program ◽  
Chi Square Test

245 Background: While FOLFIRINOX is a standard treatment option for advanced pancreas cancer there is little data describing utilization and effectiveness in routine clinical practice. Here we report practice patterns and outcomes in the general population of Ontario, Canada. Methods: Using the Ontario Cancer Registry and New Drug Funding Program we identified all patients with pancreas cancer treated with palliative intent gemcitabine or FOLFIRINOX in Ontario during 2006-2014. FOLFIRINOX became available in Ontario’s single-payer health system in November 2011. Gemcitabine cases were classified as pre-FOLFIRINOX era (2006-2010) or post-FOLFIRINOX era (2011-2014). Cases treated with peri-operative chemotherapy were excluded. Comparisons of proportions between study groups were made using the chi-square test. Overall survival (OS) was measured from date of chemotherapy initiation. Results: During 2006-2014, 3826 patients in Ontario were treated with Gemcitabine (n=3042) or FOLFIRINOX (n=784) chemotherapy for advanced pancreas cancer. Uptake of FOLFIRINOX increased from 41% (206/505) of treated cases in 2012 to 56% (274/486) of treated cases in 2014. Among patients treated after 2011, median age was 69 and 63 years for Gemcitabine and FOLFIRINOX respectively (p<0.001). The proportion of treated cases who received FOLFIRINOX varied considerably across geographic regions (from 26% to 58%, p<0.001). Median number of FOLFIRINOX cycles delivered was 6 (median 10 cycles in pivotal RCT). Median OS of patients treated with Gemcitabine was 5.0 months in 2006-2010 and 4.8 months in 2011-2014. Median OS of FOLFIRINOX patients treated in 2011-2014 was 8.2 months (median 11.1 months in pivotal RCT). Conclusions: Use of FOLFIRINOX in the general population has increased since 2011 with a resulting decrease in use of Gemcitabine. However, outcomes achieved with FOLFIRINOX in Ontario demonstrate a substantial efficacy-effectiveness gap between survival in the pivotal clinical trial and survival in routine practice.

scholarly journals Correlation between schizophrenia and seasonality of birth in a tropical region

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-548
Author(s):  
Fernanda A. S. Mendonça ◽  
Diogo R. Machado ◽  
Juliane A. F. de Lima ◽  
Gislaine M. F. Bortollotti ◽  
Roseana C. Grilo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Late Development ◽  
Statistical Relationship ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Seasonality Of Birth

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the statistical relationship between season of birth and schizophrenia in 461 patients hospitalized in three psychiatric facilities in the towns of Araras, Itapira, and Espírito Santo do Pinhal, interior of São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. METHODS: Date and place of birth of the patients were collected and used to determine the season of birth. Results were analyzed by the chi-square test. Data regarding temperature and rainfall between 1952 and 1986, corresponding to the years of birth of the patients studied, were also obtained. RESULTS: The results showed a higher prevalence of births in the winter months (p = 0.0044), a period characterized in this region by a decline in temperature and rainfall. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate a possible influence of seasonality on the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and suggest that the winter in this region, together with other factors, may contribute to the late development of the disease.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Clinical Students' Perspectives and Satisfaction Levels on Practical Practices at the Faculty of Dentistry of Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University in the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Işıl Sarıkaya
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
5Th Grade ◽  
Academic Year

Aim: It was aimed to reveal the perspectives and satisfaction levels of 4th and 5th grade-clinical students who go on practice education at Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Dentistry in the 2020-2021 Academic Year. Methods: Within the scope of the study, 146 students in total, who did their face-to-face internship between October 5 and December 11, 2020, were asked to participate in an online survey with 10 questions. Clinical students were asked about their perspective on Covid-19 infection, whether they felt safe in their dental practice, their families' level of anxiety about their internship, and whether they voluntarily chose dentistry. Results: According to the survey results; 15.1% of the students agree (TA), 27.4% agree (A), 37% partially agree (PA), 13% disagree (D) with the statement “I am pleased to have internships since the beginning of the term” 7.5% of them answered, “Strongly disagree” (SD). Pearson’s chi-square test was used in the statistical analysis of the answers given by 4th and 5th-grade students to the first 9 questions of the questionnaire consisting of the same questions. According to the survey results, it was also observed that most students chose the dentistry profession of their own will (TA 39%, A 36.3%, PA 13.7%). The number of students who think they feel safe in terms of infection control during their internship is 60% in total (TA 5.5%, A 17.1%, PA 37.7%). Conclusion: Despite the increasing number of cases until today, it is thought that the process has been successfully managed and that the students have gained experience in practical training, albeit limited.

scholarly journals PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI BUAH SUKUN (ARTOCARPUS COMMUNIS) DAN KACANG HIJAU (VIGNA RADIATA) TERHADAP DAYA TERIMA DAN KANDUNGAN PROTEIN FLAKES

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Alzha Adila Harisina ◽  
Annis Catur Adi ◽  
Farapti Farapti
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Supplementary Feeding ◽  
Acceptance Test ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Chi Square Test

Breadfruit is staple food of carbohydrate source alternative, while the mung beans is source of vegetable protein that potential to be processed as fl akes for supplementary feeding of schoolchild. This research aims to determine the effect of breadfruit and mung beans substitution toward the acceptance and protein content, as well as determine the best formula to produce a quality fl akes. Type of research is true experimental design with completely randomized design with 3 times replicating. Untrained panelists were used 34 2nd elementary school students. Product acceptance was tested using statistical analysis Chi square (α ≤ 0.005). The result of product acceptance test shown the most preferred panelist is fl akes F1 (breadfruit 50g, mung beans 50 g, and tapioca fl our 50 g) which have mean value of the highest rank in the aroma characteristic (87.00), texture (95.00) and taste (89.50), while the color values meanrank (77.5) under the color of the basic formula (83.5). F1 has 9.8 g protein content per serving. Statistical analysis of acceptance differences using chi square test on the assessment of the color, aroma, texture and fl avor showed signifi cant differences (α ≤ 0.05) on each characteristic between F0 to F2, F0 to F3, F1 with F2 and F1 to F3, whereas there wasno signifi cant difference (α ≥ 0.05) for the acceptance of color, aroma, texture and fl avor fl akes F0 to F1 and F2 to F3. The best composition, acceptability, and nutritional value was found in F1 (breadfruit 50 g, mung beans 50 g, and tapioca fl our 50 g) and can be used as alternative of supplementary feeding for school students.Keywords: Breadfruit, acceptance, fl akes, mung beans, protein

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