The Rise of Multistakeholder Partnerships

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayelet Berman
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
International System ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
International Policy ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Past ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Public And Private Stakeholders ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
Multistakeholder Partnerships

In the past two decades, multistakeholder partnerships have been on the rise. With the perceived failure of intergovernmental organizations to get things done, the international system has turned toward partnerships. Allowing for collaboration with private actors, they are increasingly seen as the governance model du jour. They're praised for being democratically legitimate, thanks to their inclusion of a range of public and private stakeholders—most notably the inclusion of developing countries and civil society that had hitherto been excluded from international policy-making processes. My comments address three topics: (1) the rise of partnerships in context, (2) the reasons for their rise, and (3) challenges.

Il primato delle istituzioni nella riforma della Pac

2009 ◽  
pp. 9-31
Author(s):  
Ferdinando Albisinni ◽  
Alessandro Sorrentino
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
World Market ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Member States ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Direct Benefits ◽  
French Author ◽  
Distribution Of Powers ◽  
Private Actors

- Recent years have seen dramatic and continuous reforms of the European discipline of agriculture, both in the first and in the second pillar, in significant connection with the enlargement of the EC to new member States. The process, still far from being completed, concerns many disciplinary areas, including: economics, governance and distribution of powers, as well as relations among individuals. The result is a new model of "plural" regulation, a "flexible droit" as defined with a suggestive imagine by a French author (Carbonnier). This contributions aims to analyse: the influence of reformed Cap on the institutional framework and the governance model of an enlarged Europe in a world market. A prominent character of the reform has been the marked "renationalisation" in domestic implementation of Cap, with the introduction of several policy options having significant distributional implications. Member States have wide margins of manoeuvre to link financial support to subjective and objective prerequisites and to direct benefits towards selected beneficiaries. This flexibility determines a mise en ouvre not uniform in the Member States, with relevant differences with respect to the recent past. Subsidiarity, Complementarity, Partnership, Non-Discrimination, Fair Cooperation have an impact both on the substance of the choices as well on the distribution of competences and powers among public and private actors at national, regional, and local levels. The outcome brings forward an European discipline of agriculture, which is common for Member States but not necessarily uniform. National choices, even in a strongly decoupled frame, might affect the "equal treatment between farmers" as well as "market and competition". But what is the real economic and political meaning for "equal treatment between farmers" as well as for "market and competition"? and how such concerns are related to the specific CAP concerns within a whole objective function? Tentative answers to these questions may come from the comparative analysis, both economic and juridical, of the Institutions of European agriculture, at common, national and local level. Parole chiave: istituzioni, autonomia, diritto comune europeo, leale collaborazione, sistema di governo. Key words: institutions, autonomy, common European law, fair cooperation, governance.

scholarly journals The sources for orthodox and heterodox trade and industrial policies in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 580-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAN-ULRICH ROTHACHER
Keyword(s):  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Car Industry ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
Brazilian Government ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
The Government ◽  
Private Actors

ABSTRACT: The Brazilian government has over the past years promulgated a mix of orthodox and heterodox policies for Brazil's economic development. This paper seeks to test whether the existing economic ideas have been prescriptive in formulating the policies, or whether they have been the outcome of the "infusion of private interests" (Katzenstein, 1978) in the policy making process. To this end, the paper charts the origins of the unilateral opening for trade in the agribusiness and contrasts them with the policy process in the car industry, where trade barriers have been erected. The article will identify the channels through which private actors informed the government's interventions and show that the industry bodies have largely prodded the government. The resulting policy maze has left both the representatives of the orthodox as well those of the heterodox approach unsatisfied and has failed to halt Brazil's dwindling manufacturing capabilities.

scholarly journals Towards a Visual Typology of Sustainability and Sustainable Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 7935
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Barton ◽  
Felipe Gutiérrez-Antinopai
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Secondary Literature ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hybrid Nature ◽  
Private Actors

Representations of sustainability and sustainable development, as images, figures, and models have received relatively little attention in the literature, compared with textual definitions. However, there has been a concerted effort by authors to communicate complexity to specialized and wider audiences over the past fifty years. The purpose of this article is to present a taxonomy of visual representations of sustainability and sustainable development that reveal the conceptual diversity and complexity of these metanarratives of the dynamics of socio-ecological systems (SES). Using an exploratory and interpretive methodology, the principal objective is to describe and interpret the core traits of 18 different representations, which reflect the hybrid nature of sustainability and sustainable development depictions, but also allow them to be categorized into six main types. This exercise is based on the review of images used in the secondary literature on sustainability and sustainable development, and also websites that have compiled sets of images. The shared roots or common traits of the six main types are to be found in the principles of complexity, nonlinearity, holism, projection, and praxis. These roots reflect not only the dynamics of SES, but also how these system representations change according to their purposes and etiologies which are, in turn, defined by the academic, public, and private actors who design them.

scholarly journals Stronger communities? Changing prospects for community-led strategic planning in New Zealand

1970 ◽  
pp. 22-44
Author(s):  
Bruno Brosnan ◽  
Christine Cheyne
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Past ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
New Phase

New Zealand’s Local Government Act 2002 ushered in a new phase in local government, a phase that is best characterised by the term ‘empowerment’. Not only were councils empowered to promote social, economic, environmental and cultural well-being, in contrast with previous more prescriptive legislation, but citizens were empowered to engage in community-led strategic planning. In many respects the new statute reflected contemporary international public management trends in which governance is increasingly being conducted via networks of public and private actors. However, with the change of government from a centre-left Labour-led coalition to a centre-right National-led government following the November 2008 general election, it is less certain that local government and communities will continue to experience a strengthening of the pluralisation of governance that has been a feature of the past decade. This article argues that the potential disempowerment of local government, and possible attenuation of community-led strategic planning in New Zealand, comes at a time when the momentum for devolution to local government and other communities is increasing elsewhere.

Reshaping the Policy Arena: How the Agro-Export Policy Network Propelled Brazil within Global Agricultural Governance

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Søndergaard ◽  
Ricardo Dias da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Uruguay Round ◽  
Policy Network ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Export Policy ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
Public And Private Stakeholders ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Policy Arena

AbstractThe article analyzes how Brazil has become an increasingly active voice for liberalization within global spheres of agricultural governance. With the focus on domestic institutional developments, we identify the gradual materialization of an agro-export policy network consisting of public and private actors. We conduct a periodization of the overarching phases of the policy network's development, from its incipient formation during the Uruguay Round to a high degree of organizational refinement in the new millennium. Through analysis of its external linkages, internal structure, and the distribution of resources, we examine how this network became an absolutely central factor in spurring the offensive orientation and assertive engagement of Brazil within the global agricultural policy arena. We thereby provide a domestically rooted explanation for the rise of Brazil as a central agricultural ‘player’, with the focus on the collective agency capacity of public and private stakeholders.

scholarly journals Moving beyond “China in Africa”: Insights from Zambian Immigration Data

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Postel
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Multiple Primary ◽  
Chinese Migration ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
Trade And Investment ◽  
Shed Light

China's growing presence in Africa is not news: the expansion of bilateral trade and investment ties has garnered intense media and political focus over the past decade. However, less is known about the people accompanying these increasingly intensive flows of goods and capital. This paper focuses on Zambia, drawing on multiple primary datasets to shed light on both the scale and nature of Chinese migration to the continent. Two years of Department of Immigration employment-permit data serve as the basis for the first quantitative analysis of the “Chinese” in “Africa,” illuminating the increasing diversity of this population flow. While the growing Chinese presence in Africa is often viewed as a coherent neocolonialist strategy planned and implemented by the Chinese state, this paper demonstrates that it is in fact typified by a multitude of both public and private actors with independent motives.

Policy Making Introduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina TERREY ◽  
Sabine JUNGINGER
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Support Design ◽  
The Past ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
Design Activities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Professional Impact

The relationship that exists between design, policies and governance is quite complex and presents academic researchers continuously with new opportunities to engage and explore aspects relevant to design management. Over the past years, we have witnessed how the earlier focus on developing policies for design has shifted to an interest in understanding the ways in which design contributes to policy-making and policy implementation. Research into policies for design has produced insights into how policy-making decisions can advance professional impact and opportunities for designers and the creative industries. This research looked into how design researchers and design practitioners themselves can benefit from specific policies that support design activities and create the space for emerging design processes.

The Pandemic Exposes an Ailing US Governance Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (820) ◽  
pp. 310-316
Author(s):  
Alasdair Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Washington Consensus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Current Governance

Since the 1990s and Bill Clinton’s embrace of key parts of Ronald Reagan’s legacy, mainstream US governance has been guided by a bipartisan consensus around a formula of shrinking the federal government’s responsibilities and deregulating the economy. Hailed as the ultimate solution to the age-old problem of governing well, the formula was exported to the developing world as the Washington Consensus. Yet growing political polarization weakened the consensus, and in a series of three major crises over the past two decades—9/11, the global financial crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic—US policymakers opted for pragmatism rather than adherence to the old formula, which appears increasingly inadequate to cope with current governance challenges.

Aftershocks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seva Gunitsky
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Regime Change ◽  
International System ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sudden Rise ◽  
The World ◽  
National Borders

Over the past century, democracy spread around the world in turbulent bursts of change, sweeping across national borders in dramatic cascades of revolution and reform. This book offers a new global-oriented explanation for this wavelike spread and retreat—not only of democracy but also of its twentieth-century rivals, fascism, and communism. The book argues that waves of regime change are driven by the aftermath of cataclysmic disruptions to the international system. These hegemonic shocks, marked by the sudden rise and fall of great powers, have been essential and often-neglected drivers of domestic transformations. Though rare and fleeting, they not only repeatedly alter the global hierarchy of powerful states but also create unique and powerful opportunities for sweeping national reforms—by triggering military impositions, swiftly changing the incentives of domestic actors, or transforming the basis of political legitimacy itself. As a result, the evolution of modern regimes cannot be fully understood without examining the consequences of clashes between great powers, which repeatedly—and often unsuccessfully—sought to cajole, inspire, and intimidate other states into joining their camps.

Rethinking Private Authority

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica F. Green
Keyword(s):  
Green Building ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Multilateral Environmental Agreements ◽  
The Past ◽  
Delegation Of Authority ◽  
Private Authority ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
Treaty Implementation

This book examines the role of nonstate actors in global environmental politics, arguing that a fuller understanding of their role requires a new way of conceptualizing private authority. It identifies two distinct forms of private authority—one in which states delegate authority to private actors, and another in which entrepreneurial actors generate their own rules, persuading others to adopt them. Drawing on a wealth of empirical evidence spanning a century of environmental rule making, the book shows how the delegation of authority to private actors has played a small but consistent role in multilateral environmental agreements over the past fifty years, largely in the area of treaty implementation. This contrasts with entrepreneurial authority, where most private environmental rules have been created in the past two decades. The book traces how this dynamic and fast-growing form of private authority is becoming increasingly common in areas ranging from organic food to green building practices to sustainable tourism. It persuasively argues that the configuration of state preferences and the existing institutional landscape are paramount to explaining why private authority emerges and assumes the form that it does. In-depth cases on climate change provide evidence for the book's arguments. The book demonstrates that authority in world politics is diffused across multiple levels and diverse actors, and it offers a more complete picture of how private actors are helping to shape our response to today's most pressing environmental problems.

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