Data, development, and growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Weber
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Economic Development And Growth ◽  
Data Flows ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Development Trajectories

AbstractEconomic development and growth theory have long grappled with the consequences of cross-border flows of goods, services, ideas, and people. But the most significant growth in cross-border flows now comes in the form of data. Like other flows, data flows can demonstrate imbalances among exports and imports. Some of these flows represent ‘raw’ data while others represent high-value-added data products. Does any of this make a difference in national economic development trajectories? This paper argues that the answer is yes. After reviewing the core logic of ‘high development theories’ from the twentieth century, I analyze the sometimes implicit applications of these arguments to data as they are evolving in the existing literature. I then put forward a different argument which takes better account of unique characteristics of the political economy that emerges at the intersection of data, machine learning, and the platform firms that use them. I explore the implications of this new argument for some policy choices that governments face with regard to data localization, import substitution, and other decisions relevant to growth in both advanced and emerging economies.

Innovative and investment potential of the economic development of the EAEU

2021 ◽  
pp. 666-678
Author(s):  
Inna Nikolaevna Rykova ◽  
Roman Sergeevich Gubanov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Member States ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union

The article defines the innovative potential of the member countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (hereinafter — the EAEU, the Union), assesses the structural ratio of trade in agricultural products in the total food consumption of the EAEU. The internal investment potential of the EAEU countries is described. The article considers the mechanism of foreign direct investment as a tool for increasing the gross value added of goods during their cross-border movement in the member countries of the Eurasian Economic Union. The dynamics of retail trade turnover in the EAEU is presented. At the same time, in the global aspect, topical issues of the quality of investments in the agro-industrial complex are touched upon, since their volumes do not meet the needs of financial support. At the same time, the mechanism of accelerating the turnover of investment capital is analyzed through the prism of identifying and assessing the state of poverty in rural areas as a risk factor for the agro — food policy of the EAEU member states. At the same time, it is most important to increase the level of food independence of the EAEU member states, to ensure conditions for the growth of the number of new high — performance jobs. The issues of production and consumption of marketable products in the EAEU member states are studied, taking into account the dynamics of prices and the socio-economic situation in the foreign trade space. Based on the generalization of the experience of integration associations of the world economic system, the article concludes that it is necessary to introduce a comprehensive intellectual system into the value chain of commodity products created in the analyzed states. The authors systematize the priorities of the conceptual development of economic relations in the integration of foreign trade processes in the EAEU until 2030. In the system of assessing the mechanism of cross-border traffic through the EAEU, the authors focus on the issues of optimizing the speed of delivery of goods from the seller to the consumer and the modernization of the road transport and logistics infrastructure of the member states of the Union. Based on the analysis of the logistics efficiency index in foreign countries, the necessary conditions for achieving the key effects of the economic development of the EAEU until 2030 are proposed.

Challenges and Opportunities From COVID-19 vis-à-vis Informal Cross-Border Women Entrepreneurs Scenario in Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-59
Author(s):  
Mufaro Dzingirai ◽  
Munyaradzi Chagwesha ◽  
Florence Mudzurandende
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Business Networks ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Economic Development And Growth ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Liquidity Crisis ◽  
Caregiving Responsibility

Although entrepreneurship is widely accepted as a driver of economic development and growth across the globe, the COVID-19 pandemic and several lockdowns have created a unique situation in the entrepreneurship discourse. Accordingly, this chapter aims at providing empirical evidence on the challenges and opportunities emanating from COVID-19 within the context of informal cross-border women entrepreneurs. This study establishes five challenges, namely, business closures, caregiving responsibility, the decline in demand, shortage of goods, and liquidity crisis. Moreover, it also establishes digital marketing and business networks as opportunities. The recommendations to deal with these challenges are proffered and the suggestions for further study are captured.

Global trade and shipping will long remain subdued

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Trade Patterns ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Merchandise Trade ◽  
Developed World

Subject Trends in global trade and shipping. Significance Slower growth in China and other emerging economies, and feeble growth in the developed world are curbing the expansion of world merchandise trade. Reflecting those trends and the rising importance of cross-border trade in services, international shipping will experience prolonged low growth. Impacts The level and nature of future Chinese economic development will remain the largest determinant of international trade and shipping trends. The pace at which the digital economy disrupts global manufacturing supply chains will have far-reaching consequences for trade patterns. Global trade will shift away from the shipping-intensive intra-industry patterns of the last few decades.

scholarly journals CURRENT TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (54) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olha K. Kotko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The State ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Investment Opportunities

The article examines the directions of the country’s foreign trade balancing, taking into account the development vector of Ukraine’s investment potential. The author analyzed the balance of payments of the state and the strategy formation to reduce the balance of payments deficit and improving of the state of investment activity. Today, attention is growing to the importance not only of the country’s balance of payments, but also to the international investment position. One of the areas of government policy which can create conditions for economic development is the balance of payments and the transition to the surplus trade. That is why, in the context of internationalization of economic relations, the effective use of resources and investment potential of the country get crucial place. The main strategic goal of public policy should be the development vector of foreign economic activity of the country, with an effective policy to support domestic enterprisers, export orientation and high value-added production. The processes of economic development led to the expansion of international exchange of goods and services and as a result of the rapid growth of trade processes require the country to have strong global state, taking into account macroeconomic regulation. The previous analysis of current trends in the development of Ukraine’s foreign economic activity, including investment activity, gives grounds to assert that Ukraine is an active participant in global investment processes. The author approved that the key aspect which can change the negative trend towards the trade deficit is the country’s active export activity, import substitution of commodity positions, as well as the development of industries specializing in the production of high value-added products. Therefore, measures of state regulation direct to developing investment opportunities in Ukraine should be aimed to: analysis of the existing economy, taking into account, the foreign economic activity of the country; import substitution; domestic market development, export expansion. The article analyzes the structure of the balance of payments, the dynamics of trade turnover, investment performance and international trade. The author also proposed measures to improve the balance of payments of Ukraine by taking into account the trends of Ukraine’s foreign economic activity, increasing investment attractiveness and realizing Ukraine’s investment opportunities.

scholarly journals Local economic development opportunities from NHS spending: Evidence from Wales

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (13) ◽  
pp. 3138-3156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Morgan ◽  
Max Munday ◽  
Annette Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Health Board ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Economic Modelling ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Regional Economic Impacts

The article examines the local and regional economic impacts of NHS spending. The research is set in the context of tensions between buying economies, process efficiencies and local economic development impacts of public sector procurement, and contributes to the evidence base on supplier proximity and income retention at the local and regional level. The scale, scope and spatial distribution of NHS spending in a South Wales case are analysed using detailed purchasing information provided by a local health board. The article then uses an economic modelling framework to quantify the supply chain impacts of this spending to determine the full regional economic impacts of operational and capital expenditures. The analysis shows that NHS Wales spending supports significant levels of regional economic activity in terms of output, employment and gross value-added. The article also explores scenarios on the potential economic significance of import substitution of selected purchases. The implications of the changing procurement environment, with new EU directives, and a reorganisation of procurement functions within NHS Wales, are explored, and suggestions are made for further research.

scholarly journals THE MUTUAL INFLUENCE OF INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
N. Savitha ◽  
John Sundar David
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Economic Development And Growth ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

“Education” as a key determinant of economic development and growth is believed to be the central focus of many emerging economies since they have managed to restructure their entire economic policies towards enhancing education (especially higher education) to attain economic development and growth at global standard in the recent past.  Keeping all the facts in mind, an attempt has been made in this paper to study the relationship between education and economic development in general and India in particular.  India has the 3rd largest higher education system in the world in terms of education after Chine and the US.  For the purpose of the study, an extensive survey of earlier studies on this ground has been surveyed.  On the basis of the assertion made by the earlier studies and evidence, the present study envisages the importance of investment in higher education and human capital to attain sustainable economic development.

scholarly journals A Review of Value Added in Nigeria’s Pre and Post–SAP Agricultural Sector: Background and Issues

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-56
Author(s):  
Ogujiuba Kanayo ◽  
Ogbonnaya Ufiem Maurice .
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Capacity Utilization ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Private Sector Investment ◽  
The Government

In spite of the growing importance of oil, Nigeria has remained essentially an agrarian economy, with agriculture still significantly contributing to its Gross Domestic Product. However, the potentials of the agricultural sector to contribute to economic development in Nigeria have varied widely in the last two decades. This variation appears to be correlated to the nature of the political and economic regimes that exists. There were indications of some moderate output increase following the introduction of SAP. But, it is not yet certain whether the extent of deregulation policy currently being pursued by the Government and the preliminary outcome has elicited the desired response. One of the indications of the adverse development is the diversion of scarce foreign exchange from financing capital and intermediate imports to paying for food imports. Successive governments have experimented with various options in the promotion of agro-based industries, import substitution, promotion of specific sectors and specific areas. The outcome is an imbalance growth of various sub-sectors in the sector, poor capacity utilization, eroded competitiveness of local manufacturers and uneven playing field within the country. This paper basically reviews and analyzes the components of Nigeria’s agricultural sector, its contributions to economic development, and strategies adopted within the sector before and during the Structural Adjustment Program. It recommends that providing the right policy framework/enabling environment and incentives for private sector investment in the sector enshrined in the new economic blue print‘Transformation Agenda’ could be a viable option for revitalizing the sector.

Manajemen Ekonomi Outopilot: Kegagalan Negara Mencari Identitas?

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Mukhaer Pakkanna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Democracy ◽  
Economic Democracy ◽  
Quality Of Democracy ◽  
Economic Disparities ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Production And Distribution

Political democracy should be equivalent to the economic development of the quality of democracy, economic democracy if not upright, even the owner of the ruling power and money, which is parallel to force global corporatocracy. Consequently, the economic oligarchy preservation reinforces control of production and distribution from upstream to downstream and power monopoly of the market. The implication, increasingly sharp economic disparities, exclusive owner of the money and power become fertile, and the end could jeopardize the harmony of the national economy. The loss of national economic identity that makes people feel lost the “pilot of the state”. What happens then is the autopilot state. Viewing unclear direction of the economy, the national economy should clarify the true figure.

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