Public and private goods in the development of additive manufacturing capacity

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Samford ◽  
Peter Warrian ◽  
Elena Goracinova
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Goods ◽  
Enabling Technologies ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

AbstractThe promotion of additive manufacturing (AM) as a set of enabling technologies has been a prominent feature of new policies seeking to revitalize manufacturing in developed economies. Because of its differences from traditional manufacturing technologies, small businesses, in particular, face high costs in adopting AM methods. How can governments assist small firms and their innovation ecosystems to make significant leaps in enabling technologies? This paper conceptualizes the challenges faced by groups of small enterprises adopting new technologies and a decentralized policy effort to systematically increase the use of advanced manufacturing technologies. In Canada, funding used by community colleges to create applied research centers has been intended to establish anchors for local “industrial commons” around advanced manufacturing methods. By providing both information and working capital to private sector partners, these community college programs should ideally mitigate challenges to the adoption of AM technologies—the so-called “valley of death”—in local ecosystems. There are many successful individual cases of partnership (i.e., private goods); however, this bottom-up approach seems to fail both as a means of promoting vibrant industrial commons (i.e., public goods) and as a coherent national strategy. We trace the challenges of this approach to principal-agent problems associated with layering new programs upon existing organizations, the density of program participants, and the presence of appropriate technologies.

scholarly journals Investigation of microstructure and hardness of a rib geometry produced by metal forming and wire-arc additive manufacturing

2018 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 02005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Hirtler ◽  
Angelika Jedynak ◽  
Benjamin Sydow ◽  
Alexander Sviridov ◽  
Markus Bambach
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Batch Size ◽  
Unit Costs ◽  
Batch Sizes ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Forming Tools ◽  
Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Am Processes

Within the scope of consumer-oriented production, individuality and cost-effectiveness are two essential aspects, which can barely be met by traditional manufacturing technologies. Conventional metal forming techniques are suitable for large batch sizes. If variants or individualized components have to be formed, the unit costs rise due to the inevitable tooling costs. For such applications, additive manufacturing (AM) processes, which do not require tooling, are more suitable. Due to the low production rates and limited build space of AM machines, the manufacturing costs are highly dependent on part size and batch size. Hence, a combination of both manufacturing technologies i.e. conventional metal forming and additive manufacturing seems expedient for a number of applications. The current study develops a process chain combining forming and additive manufacturing. First, a semi-finished product is formed with forming tools of reduced complexity and then finished by additive manufacturing. This research investigates the addition of features using AlSi12 created by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) on formed EN-AW 6082 preforms. By forming, the strength of the material was increased, while this effect was partly reduced by the heat input of the WAAM process.

scholarly journals Design Right Once for Additive Manufacturing

2018 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 03020
Author(s):  
Antonios Tsakiris ◽  
Christos Salpistis ◽  
Athanassios Mihailidis
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Variable Density ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Structure Generation ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Free Form Surfaces

Additive Manufacturing (AM) has been widely considered a key factor for innovative design. However, the utilization of AM has not been as high as expected, although the technology offers key innovative design capabilities, weight reduction, parts count and assembly consolidation as well as material saving. This low utilization is attributed to the lack of AM understanding, mature CAE/CAM software tools addressing AM specific issues such as design support structure generation and removal, residual stresses, surface quality. In most cases, Design for AM (DfAM) is a crucial requisite for a “Design Right Once” approach. Such an approach is shown in the current study using three parts as example: an arthropod’s leg, a gearshift drum and an electric motor mounting frame. The implementation of geometrical conformal lattice structures and lattices with variable density are discussed. A structured design approach is presented and design dilemmas are solved in terms of a DfAM approach. Primary design optimizations are evaluated. Weight reduction is considered throughout the design and free form surfaces are being used. “Freedom to Design” principle is also portrayed and assembly parts consolidation occurs as a natural process of DfAM in comparison with previous design practices. It is concluded that, even from the primary design phase the design engineer can reveal his creativity because of the absence of constraints set by the traditional manufacturing technologies.

A Review on Process Monitoring and Control in Metal-Based Additive Manufacturing

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Tapia ◽  
Alaa Elwany
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Process Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Part Quality ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Process Monitoring And Control ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
And Control ◽  
Am Processes

There is consensus among both the research and industrial communities, and even the general public, that additive manufacturing (AM) processes capable of processing metallic materials are a set of game changing technologies that offer unique capabilities with tremendous application potential that cannot be matched by traditional manufacturing technologies. Unfortunately, with all what AM has to offer, the quality and repeatability of metal parts still hamper significantly their widespread as viable manufacturing processes. This is particularly true in industrial sectors with stringent requirements on part quality such as the aerospace and healthcare sectors. One approach to overcome this challenge that has recently been receiving increasing attention is process monitoring and real-time process control to enhance part quality and repeatability. This has been addressed by numerous research efforts in the past decade and continues to be identified as a high priority research goal. In this review paper, we fill an important gap in the literature represented by the absence of one single source that comprehensively describes what has been achieved and provides insight on what still needs to be achieved in the field of process monitoring and control for metal-based AM processes.

Problems of development of tourist startups at the current stage: the financial aspect

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 128-139
Author(s):  
Анна Силаева ◽  
Anna Silaeva
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Start Ups

This article discusses the problematic issues of financing and development of tourism startups at the present stage in terms of financial instability. Under the tourist startup understood is a project focused on the sale of tickets for transport which is associated with travel or hotel rooms, or both, as well as traditional designs for the sale of package tours. The paper describes the case for the conceptual provisions of financing for small businesses in the tourism industry, in particular, with the help of venture capital, which effectively supports the small businesses’ innovative sector and solves the problem of the introduction of new technologies, as well as the peculiarities and directions of its development in modern conditions. Typically, venture capital plays a critical role in the commercialization of the companies at the early stages, and complement government grants only increase the chances of success, as evidenced by studies of the Russian Venture Capital Association. However, the Russian venture industry is largely focused on investments in companies at later stages of development. Identified is the necessity of initiatives to support start-ups in the form of the public-private partnership (PPP). The key issue in the implementation of such projects is the complexity of structuring start-ups, as a public-private partnership - a long-term mutually beneficial cooperation of public and private partners to carry out projects in order to achieve the objectives of public law entities, improving the availability and quality of public services, achieved through leveraging private resources and risk sharing between partners.

Additive Manufacturing in Jewellery Design

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Telma Ferreira ◽  
Henrique A. Almeida ◽  
Paulo J. Bártolo ◽  
Ian Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Product Complexity ◽  
New Production ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

Additive manufacturing has become a well-known and widely used process among engineers and designers within the past decade to respond to high levels of market demand and product complexity. The jewellery industry still works essentially on traditional fabrication methods to much time consuming and in some cases lacking efficiency compared to the quality of the end product. The inclusion of new technologies can be a solution to overcome these issues. Additive fabrication enables the fabrication of new products and geometries reducing manufacturing time, energy and labor costs. This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of traditional manufacturing processes, such as Investment Casting, and proposes a new production method based on the use of advanced modeling and additive manufacturing. Three additive manufacturing technologies were used, such as selective laser sintering, stereolithography and 3D printing. A computational application for jewellery design is also presented to help manufactures and customers to fabricate novel jewellery pieces. This tool is based on a customization concept, which has been of increasing interest during recent years.

scholarly journals A Survey of Modeling of Lattice Structures Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoying Dong ◽  
Yunlong Tang ◽  
Yaoyao Fiona Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Modeling Approaches ◽  
Specific Loading ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

The lattice structure is a type of cellular material with trusslike frames which can be optimized for specific loading conditions. The fabrication of its intricate architecture is restricted by traditional manufacturing technologies. However, additive manufacturing (AM) enables the fabrication of complex structures by aggregation of materials in a layer-by-layer fashion, which has unlocked the potential of lattice structures. In the last decade, lattice structures have received considerable research attention focusing on the design, simulation, and fabrication for AM techniques. And different modeling approaches have been proposed to predict the mechanical performance of lattice structures. This review introduces the aspects of modeling of lattice structures and the correlation between them, summarizes the existing modeling approaches for simulation, and discusses the strength and weakness in different simulation methods. This review also summarizes the characteristics of AM in manufacturing cellular materials and discusses their influence on the modeling of lattice structures.

Embracing advanced manufacturing technologies for performance improvement: an empirical study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Amulya Gurtu
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strategic Issues ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Manufacturing Organizations ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

PurposeThis study has analyzed strategic issues in implementing advanced manufacturing technologies (AMTs) in manufacturing organizations in India and their relative importance.Design/methodology/approachA survey of manufacturing organizations was conducted, and the data were analyzed using statistical tools (one-sample t-tests, correlation and regression analyses).FindingsImprovement in product quality and flexibility of operations are the motivation for AMTs implementation. Top management support and sound financial conditions are essential for implementing AMTs. Successful implementation of AMTs helps in reducing the lead time and improving overall business performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this study will help organizations in the implementation of AMTs for improving productivity and business performance. The study is limited to manufacturing organizations in India.Practical implicationsOrganizations should allocate sufficient funds for AMT applications. Organizational culture should be made conducive to the adoption of new technologies. Employees should be provided adequate training for its successful implementation.Originality/valueThe main contribution of this paper is that it provides a detailed analysis of strategic issues for implementing AMTs in manufacturing organizations.

The Influence of Industry Association Involvement on Technology Decision-Making in Small Businesses

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 317-337
Author(s):  
Jeremy A. Woods ◽  
Richard Gottschall ◽  
Charles H. Matthews ◽  
Alan L. Carsrud
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Business Associations ◽  
Industry Association ◽  
Willingness To Adopt ◽  
The Status

Often owner/decision-makers in closely-held small businesses are overloaded with work and can become isolated from novel information that could improve their decisions and ultimately firm performance. These decision-makers become reliant on heuristics to ease their cognitive burdens and develop a strong bias for the status-quo. Research suggests that external counsel and/or informal advisors may help to encourage more thoughtful consideration of situations, thus exposing or alleviating status-quo bias. This paper contributes to the understanding of decision making in small firms by examining relationships between industry association membership and the willingness of decision-makers in such firms to adopt new technologies. Evidence is found suggesting that small firm owners’ access to decision-making information from business associations is related to a greater willingness to adopt new technologies. This is evidence of conscious decision-making that enables their small businesses to go beyond the status-quo.

scholarly journals Multi Jet Fusion PA12 Manufacturing Parameters for Watertightness, Strength and Tolerances

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Morales-Planas ◽  
Joaquim Minguella-Canela ◽  
Jordi Lluma-Fuentes ◽  
Jose Travieso-Rodriguez ◽  
Andrés-Amador García-Granada
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Polyamide 12 ◽  
Fluid Handling ◽  
Nominal Pressure ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

The aim of this paper is to explore the watertightness behaviour for high pressure applications using Multi Jet Fusion technology and polyamide 12 as a material. We report an efficient solution for manufacturing functional prototypes and final parts for water pressure applications and provide manufacturing rules for engineers in the pressurized product development process for up to 10 MPa of nominal pressure. The research findings show manufacturers the possibility of using additive manufacturing as an alternative to traditional manufacturing. Water leakage was studied using different printing orientations and wall thicknesses for a range of pressure values. An industrial ball valve was printed and validated with the ISO 9393 standard as also meeting tolerance requirements. This paper is a pioneering approach to the additive manufacturing of high-performance fluid handling components. This approach solves the problem of leakage caused by porosity in additive manufacturing technologies.

scholarly journals Multijetfusion Manufacturing Parameters for Watertightness, Strength and Tolerances

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Morales-Planas ◽  
Joaquim Minguella-Canela ◽  
Jordi Lluma-Fuentes ◽  
Jose Antonio Travieso-Rodriguez ◽  
Andrés-Amador García-Granada
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Polyamide 12 ◽  
Fluid Handling ◽  
Nominal Pressure ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

The aim of this paper is to explore the watertightness behaviour for high pressure applications using Multijetfusion technology and polyamide 12 as a material. It reports an efficient solution for manufacturing functional prototypes and final parts for water pressure applications. It provides manufacturing rules to engineers in the pressurized product development process up to 10 MPa of nominal pressure. The research findings show manufacturers the possibility of using additive manufacturing as an alternative to traditional manufacturing. Water leakage was studied using different printing orientations and wall thickness for a range of pressure values. An industrial ball valve was printed and validated with the ISO 9393 standard also meeting tolerance requirements. This paper is a pioneering approach to the additive manufacturing of high performance fluid handling components. This approach solves the problem of leakage caused by porosity in additive manufacturing technologies

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