The effect of birth weight on the estimated milk intake, growth and body composition of sow-reared piglets

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Campbell ◽  
A. C. Dunkin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Daily Gain

ABSTRACTTen littermate pairs were used to study the effects of light and heavy birth weight on the development of muscle tissue, growth rate, body composition and the estimated milk consumption of piglets reared on the sow to 6·5 kg live weight.Neither average daily gain to 6·5 kg nor body composition at the latter weight were significantly affected by birth weight. Birth weight also had no effect on the weight or deoxyribonucleic acid content of the semitendinosus musde at 6·5kg. However, pigs of hght birth weight -were lighter at 2\ days of age (P < 0·01) and older at 65 kg (P < 0·01) than those of heavy birth weight.Pigs of heavy birth weight consumed more milk per suckle than their lighter birth weight littermates (P < 0·01). However, the relative milk consumption (g/kg live weight) of both groups was similar.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF GROWTH IN THE GOUSES UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE COMBINED PHARMACOPROPHYLACTIC HOMOBIOTICS, PROBIOTICS BASED ON THE RECOMBINANT BASILL AND ENROFLOXACIN STRAIN

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
G. A. Nozdrin ◽  
N. A. Gotovchikov ◽  
M. S. Yakovleva ◽  
N. S. Yakovleva ◽  
M. B. Lazareva
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Absolute Weight ◽  
Probiotic Preparation ◽  
Daily Gain

The combined effect of homobiotics, probiotics based on recombinant strains of g. Bacillus, & enrofloxacin on the dynamics of body weight gain in geese was studied. According to the principle of steam-analogs, one control and five experimental groups of 10 goslings in each group were formed. Gosyatam experimental groups used homobiotics vetom 15.1; vetom 13.1 incombination with enrofloxacin followed by replacement with a probiotic preparation Vetom 1.2. The absolute body weight and average daily gain in geese under the influence of the studied drugs increases. The severity of the effect depended on the pharmacological composition of the drugs used. The maximum absolute weight gain was observed when using the drugs according to the scheme: vetom 13.1 at doses of 25–50 mg/kg for 16 days, with further use of a 10% enrofloxacin solution at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg for 5 days and in The experiment period was 1.2 at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 16 days. After the cessation of the use of drugs, the growth rate increased for 30 days when prescribing the drugs according to the scheme: veto 13.1 at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 16 days and with further introduction of homobiotic veto 1.2 into the bird in a dose of 50 mg/kg for 16 days. The maximum average daily gain in live weight of geese was observed in the period from the 16th to the 32nd day with the administration scheme: homobiotic vetom 13.1 at a dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight 1 time per day for 5 consecutive days, then every other day for 16 days, then daily 10 % solution of enrofloxacin at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg of body weight for 5 days, then vetom 1.2 at a dose of 25 mg/kg once a day for 16 days in a row. And the maximum average daily gain in the post using period of the drug was observed on the 32nd day of the study according to the scheme: homobiotic veto 15.1 at a dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight 1 time per day for 16 days, then daily with vetom 1.2 at the same dose 1 once a day for 16 days. The studied drugs in the applied doses did not have a toxic effect on the physiological state of geese.

AGE DYNAMICS OF THE LIVE WEIGHT OF YOUNG YAKS OF THE ALTAI POPULATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
А.И. БАХТУШКИНА ◽  
В.Р. САИТОВ ◽  
М.М. САЛЬНИКОВА
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Daily Gain

Проведено изучение интенсивности роста молодняка яков алтайской популяции, характеризующегося энергичным ростом. Динамика роста молодняка яков изучена путем определения их живой массы в разные возрастные периоды: при рождении, в возрасте 7, 12, 18 мес. По результатам взвешиваний определен абсолютный прирост, абсолютный среднесуточный прирост живой массы, относительная скорость роста. В период от рождения до 7-месячного возраста, который совпал с летним периодом пастбищного сезона, живая масса бычков увеличилась на 131,4 кг, а телок — на 120,2 кг. Интенсивность роста составила соответственно 625,7 и 572,4 г, что свидетельствует о достаточно хорошей молочности маток. В зимний период (возраст молодняка — от 7 до 12 мес) интенсивность роста резко снизилась: живая масса бычков и телочек составила всего 161,3 и 143,7 кг, со среднесуточными приростами — 94 и 58 г соответственно. С началом вегетации пастбищных растений приросты молодняка по сравнению с зимним периодом резко увеличились. В возрасте от 12 до 18 мес они были равны: 476 г — у бычков и 439 г — у телочек. Общий прирост живой массы бычков за этот период составил 86 кг, у телочек — 79 кг. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о достаточно хорошем развитии молодняка яков алтайской популяции. The growth rate of young yaks of the Altai population, characterized by vigorous growth, was investigated. The growth dynamics of young yaks was studied by determining their live weight at different age periods – at birth and at the age of 7, 12, 18 months. According to the weighing results, the absolute gain, the absolute average daily gain in live weight, and the relative growth rate were determined. In the period from birth to 7 months of age, which coincided with the summer months of the pasture season, the live weight of bull calves increased by 131.4, and heifers — by 120.2 kg, i.e., the growth rate was 625.7 and 572.4 g, respectively, which characterizes a fairly good milk yield of cows. In the winter period (age from 7 to 12 months), the growth rate decreased sharply: the live weight of calves and calves was only 161.3 kg and 143.7 kg, with average daily gains of 94 and 58g, respectively. Subsequently, with the beginning of the growing season of pasture plants, the weight gain of young animals in comparison with the winter period increased sharply. At the age of 12 to 18 months they were equal: 476 g-for steers and 439 g-for heifers. The total increase in live weight of calves during this period was 86 kg, of heifers — 79 kg. The data obtained indicate a fairly good development of young yaks of the Altai population.

The effect of suckling regime on growth rate and lactation performance of the Cyprus Fat-tailed and Chios sheep

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avraam Louca
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Chios Sheep ◽  
Daily Gain

SUMMARYSeventy-two Cyprus Fat-tailed and Chios ewes with their lambs were used over a 2-year period to study the effects of three suckling regimes on the lactation performance of ewes and growth rate of lambs. The regimes studied were continuous or 24-hr a day suckling, 12-hr suckling and no suckling. The lambs were weaned at the age of 10 weeks. All the ewes, including those suckling, were handmilked throughout the trial twice daily.Highly significant differences in milk yield (milk sucked by lambs plus milk withdrawn by hand) and lactation length were found between the Fat-tailed and Chios ewes, the respective average milk yields being 159 and 265 kg and the corresponding lactation lengths, 158 and 209 days. There were no significant differences between breeds in the live weight or average daily gain of lambs up to the age of 20 weeks. Suckling for 12 rather than 24 hr a day had no adverse effects on the milk yield of ewes or the growth rate of lambs. The no-suckling regime, however, adversely affected milk yield and lactation length but the effects were less pronounced for the Chios breed.

scholarly journals Effect of Birth Weight and Sex on Pre-Weaning Growth Rate of Piglets

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Škorjanc ◽  
M. Brus ◽  
M. Čandek Potokar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Creep Feed ◽  
Clustering Approach ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Weight Groups

Abstract. A study was conducted to find out the effect of birth weight and sex on growth rate of piglets in pre-weaning period. A total of 466 piglets from 48 litters of multiparous sows (Landrace) were involved in the experiment. Using a clustering approach piglets were assigned into three birth weight groups (Heavy (H), Intermediate (I), Light (L)). For the analysis of growth performance, pigs were weighed every 7 days until weaning at 28 days of age and average daily gain (ADG) was calculated. During lactation, body weight of L piglets was 5.5-fold increased, whereas the increase in I and H piglets were only 4.7-fold and 3.4-fold, respectively. Piglets of L group were significantly lighter at all studied ages compared to piglets of I and H group. The highest ADG was noted in the second week for all three groups; thereafter it decreased in H and L piglets (24% and 17%, respectively). The average birth weight of piglets was positively and significantly correlated with body weight at days 7, 14, 21 and 28. Sex did not affect significantly the ADG of the investigated animals during the four weeks of lactation. The present results indicate that neither milk production after the second week of lactation nor consumption of creep feed are sufficient enough to cover nutrition needs of fast growing piglets. There’s still a lack of optimization of nutrition in pre-weaning period especially for heavier piglets with their higher growth potential.

The effects of birth weight and level of feeding in early life on growth and development of muscle and adipose tissue in the young pig

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Campbell ◽  
A. C. Dunkin
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Cell Diameter ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

ABSTRACTForty-two piglets were used to study the effects of heavy and light birth weight, and of four levels of feeding, ranging from 37 to 91 g dry matter per kg M0 75 per day, on growth between 5 days of age and 6·5kg live weight, and on body composition, and the cellularity of muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue, at the latter weight. The effects of birth weight and level of feeding to 6·5 kg on performance between 6·5 and 11 -5 kg, and on body composition at 11·5 kg, were also investigated.Light birth weight piglets grew more slowly to 6·5 kg than those of heavy birth weight (P < 0·05). However, birth weight had no effect on food conversion efficiency or on body composition.Each increment in feeding level resulted in increases in growth rate (P < 0·01), body fat content (P < 0·01) and average fat-cell diameter (P < 0·01) at 6·5 kg, but in decreases in body protein and water (P < 0·01).The weight of the m. semitendinosus at 6·5 kg was unaffected by either birth weight or level of feeding. However, the deoxyribonucleic acid content of the muscle at both 6·5 and 11·5 kg was less in light birth weight piglets fed at the lowest level prior to 6·5 kg (P < 0·05). These piglets also exhibited poorer growth performance subsequent to 6·5 kg than their heavier birth weight counterparts.Nevertheless, piglets of both light and heavy birth weight, fed at the lowest level to 6·5 kg, grew faster and more effficiently between 6·5 and 11·5kg (P < 0·05), and were leaner at 11·5kg than those previously fed at the highest level (P < 0·01). Average fat-cell diameter at 11·5kg was also less in pigs fed at the lowest level prior to 6·5kg (P < 0·01). Total deoxyribonucleic acid in subcutaneous adipose tissue at 11·5kg was unaffected by either birth weight or level of feeding prior to 6·5 kg.

scholarly journals ВЛИЯНИЕ КАЧЕСТВА И УРОВНЯ ПРОТЕИНА В РАЦИОНАХ НА ИНТЕНСИВНОСТЬ РОСТА БЫЧКОВ НА ОТКОРМЕ

2019 ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
D.G. Pogosyan
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Daily Gain

В статье представлены и обобщены результаты многолетних исследований по изучению влияния качества и уровня протеина в рационах на интенсивность роста бычков. В проведённых исследованиях установлено, что улучшение качества протеина в рационах откармливаемых бычков молочных пород в разные периоды роста за счёт снижения распадаемости протеина в рубце на 2,5-6,9 способствует увеличению среднесуточного прироста живой массы молодняка на 2,5-16,4 . Увеличение уровня протеина в рационах интенсивно откармливаемых бычков голштинской и абердин-ангусской пород в возрасте от 3 до 12 месяцев в 1,5 раза за счёт повышения скармливания концентратов позволяет существенно повысить среднесуточный прирост живой массы молодняка на 47 и 30 соответственно.Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Penza State Agrarian University ,Russia, t. (8412) 62-81-51, e-mail: pogosyan.d.gpgau.ru The article presents and summarizes the results of many years of research on the influence of the quality and the level of protein in diets on the growth rate of bull-calves. The studies found that improving the quality of protein in the diets of fattening bull-calves of dairy breeds at different growth periods due to a decrease in protein disintegration in the rumen by 2.5-6.9 contributed to an increase in the average daily gain in live weight of young animals by 2.5-16.4 . An increase in the protein level in the diets of intensively fed calves of Holstein and Aberdeen Angus breeds aged from 3 to 12 months by 1.5 times due to increased feeding of concentrates significantly increased the average daily gain in live weight of young animals by 47 and 30 , respectively.

Effectiveness of selection for growth rate in Zebu × British crossbred cattle. II.* Post-weaning growth and genetic estimates

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
GW Seifert
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Daily Gain

The response to one generation of selection for weight per day of age at 18 months (W/Af), in Africander cross (AX) and Brahman cross (BX) cattle, was evaluated in the female offspring of the up and down selected parents. The high W/A< line gained significantly more than the low line over a year from weaning. The advantage of the high W/A line occurred during flush nutritional periods. The realized heritability (h2) of W/Af at 18 months was 0.52, while the estimates of h2 from mid-parental means computed within sires was higher. Heritability estimates for birth weight (Wb), weaning weight per day of age (W/Aw), pre-weaning average daily gain (Gbw) and total average daily gain from birth to final weight (Gt) were all high, while the estimate for post-weaning average daily gain from weaning to final weight (Gpw) was low. The correlated responses of all the traits were high. The genetic correlations estimated from the response and the parent-offspring regressions were all positive and high. Birth weight was the most highly correlated with Gt. All phenotypic correlations were positive but lower than the genetic correlations, the correlation between Gbw and Gpw being the lowest. Environmental correlations between birth weight and pre-weaning traits were essentially zero, and between birth weight and post-weaning traits and Gt, negative. Weight per day of age at 18 months appeared to be the most efficient and practical single trait to select beef cattle for increased growth rate.

Evaluation of performance at slaughter of twenty combinations of three-breed crosses of pigs

1976 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Fahmy ◽  
W. B. Holtmann ◽  
T. M. MacIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Daily Gain

SUMMARYTwo castrated male pigs from each of 620 litters were fed ad libitum to 90 kg market weight at three stations. The pigs represented 20 three-breed crosses produced by mating Yorkshire, Landrace, Lacombe, Hampshire and Duroc sires to Landrace-Yorkshire, Hampshire-Landrace, Large Black-Lacombe, Large Black-Landrace, Duroc-Lacombe and Duroc-Yorkshire dams. The data on feed conversion, average daily gain, age at slaughter, backfat thickness and area of loin eye muscle were analysed by least-squares.Within breed cross of dam, pigs sired by Hampshire were consistently superior in feed conversion, carcass quality and in 3 crosses out of 5 had the fastest growth rate during the fattening period. They were, however, the oldest at 90 kg live weight. Pigs sired by Duroc ranked second in carcass quality and growth rate, whereas those sired by Landrace had the slowest growth rate. The pigs produced by Hampshire-Landrace sows were superior in carcass quality but inferior in feed conversion and growth to those from sows of the other five crosses.In descending order, the four highest ranking crosses based on an index combining average daily gain, backfat thickness and feed efficiency were Hampshire × (Landrace-Yorkshire), Hampshire × (Duroc-Lacombe), Duroc × (Landrace-Yorkshire) and Hampshire × (Large Black-Landrace).

The influence of the disinfection method on the growth rate of fattening pigs

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
D. Geletiy ◽  
A. Solovykh ◽  
A. Ovchinnikov ◽  
M. Glushchenko ◽  
F. Vladimirov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Working Solution ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Fattening Pigs

The purpose of this research was to study the growth rate of pigs at different stages of fattening and the dependence of this parameter on the methods of final disinfection of premises in industrial pig farms. The final disinfection of the premises has been performed with using a highpressure cleaner (wet method) and a hot fogger (aerosol method). In order to measure the growth rate individual weighing of animals has been performed when the start stage, after 30, 60 and 90 days. The researches have been carried out on the basis of the pig-breeding farm APC Mashkino (village of Industria) on 52 heads pigs of French selection, the age of which was 73 days when staged. Animals of the control group during the fattening period have been housed in the premise prepared according to the technology established in the farm (final disinfection was performed using a high-pressure cleaner). Animals of the experimental group entered the premise the final disinfection in which was performed by aerosol method (using the hot fog generator). The working solution of the disinfectant has been prepared according to the instruction the concentration of the working solution was in accordance with the chosen method of final disinfection of the premises. It has been found aerosol method of final disinfection to increase average daily gain in the first fattening period (0–30 days) by 132 g/day, live weight by 7.84 kg. During the fattening period the growth rate of pigs changed unevenly. The fi rst (0–30 days) and the second (30–60 days) fattening stages have been characterized by the increase in the average daily gain, at the third (60–90 days) stage the decrease in the growth rate has been observed. It has been found according to the researches the use of aerosols for final disinfection have the positive influence on the growth rate of pigs during the first fattening period.

Evaluation of three- and four-breed cross litters and pigs sired by purebred and crossbred boars

1977 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Fahmy ◽  
W. B. Holtmann
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Significant Source ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Sire Breed

SUMMARYBoars from four pure breeds and three two-breed crosses were mated at two stations to sows from six two-breed crosses to produce three- and four-breed cross litters. Two types of three-breed crosses were produced either using purebred boars or by partial backcrossing using crossbred boars. From the 504 litters produced 965 male pigs were slaughtered at 90 kg live weight. The purebred boars produced litters which were 0·4 and 0·2 pigs larger and 0·14 and 1·14 kg heavier at birth and 21 days respectively than the crossbred boars. Differences between pigs sired by purebred and crossbred boars were negligible for growth rate and carcass quality. Little difference was also found between three- and four-breed cross pigs sired by crossbred boars (except for daily gain, P < 0·05). Breed of dam was a significant source of variation on all the traits except dressing-out percentage. Significant breed of sire effect was found on all the traits related to carcass quality but not on those related to growth. Breed of sire × breed of dam interaction was significant on backfat thickness, carcass lean yield percentage and average daily gain. The best crosses in carcass value were those of Duroc boars mated to Hampshire-Landrace and Landrace-Yorkshire sows, while those pigs with the fastest gain were from Landrace boars ×Duroc-Yorkshire sows and Duroc-Yorkshire boars × Large Black-Lacombe sows.

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