scholarly journals Major dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors from childhood to adulthood. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Mikkilä ◽  
Leena Räsänen ◽  
Olli T. Raitakari ◽  
Jukka Marniemi ◽  
Pirjo Pietinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Young Finns Study

Studies on the impact of single nutrients on the risk of CVD have often given inconclusive results. Recent research on dietary patterns has offered promising information on the effects of diet as a whole on the risk of CVD. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study is an ongoing, prospective cohort study with a 21-year follow-up to date. The subjects were children and adolescents at baseline (3–18 years,n1768) and adults at the latest follow-up study (24–39 years,n1037). We investigated the associations between two major dietary patterns and several risk factors for CVD. In longitudinal analyses with repeated measurements, using multivariate mixed linear regression models, the traditional dietary pattern (characterised by high consumption of rye, potatoes, butter, sausages, milk and coffee) was independently associated with total and LDL cholesterol concentrations, apolipoprotein B and C-reactive protein concentrations among both genders, and also with systolic blood pressure and insulin levels among women and concentrations of homocysteine among men (P < 0·05 for all). A dietary pattern reflecting more health-conscious food choices (such as high consumption of vegetables, legumes and nuts, tea, rye, cheese and other dairy products, and alcoholic beverages) was inversely, but less strongly associated with cardiovascular risk factors. Our results support earlier findings that dietary patterns have a role in the development of CVD.

scholarly journals Long-term dietary patterns and carotid artery intima media thickness: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 1507-1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Mikkilä ◽  
Leena Räsänen ◽  
Marika M. L. Laaksonen ◽  
Markus Juonala ◽  
Jorma Viikari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Young Finns Study

A whole-diet approach has proven useful for characterising dietary exposure in cardiovascular epidemiology research. In our previous analyses, we found dietary patterns to be significant determinants of CVD risk factor levels among the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns cohort. We investigated the associations of major dietary patterns with carotid intima media thickness (IMT), a subclinical predictor of CVD, in healthy adults. The Young Finns Study is an ongoing, prospective cohort study with a 21-year follow-up to date. The subjects were children and adolescents at baseline in 1980 (aged 3–18 years), and all had reached adulthood by the latest follow-up in 2001 (aged 24–39 years). Complete dietary data from the years 1980, 1986 and 2001 and outcome data from the year 2001 were obtained from 785 subjects. The long-term average pattern score for a traditional dietary pattern (characterised by high consumption of rye, potatoes, butter, sausages, milk and coffee) was associated with IMT especially among subjects with a low score for the health-conscious dietary pattern (characterised by high consumption of vegetables, legumes and nuts, rye, tea, cheese and other dairy products). In multivariable regression analyses using long-term pattern scores as predictors, the traditional dietary pattern was independently associated with IMT in men (P < 0·01), but not in women (P = 0·66). Long-term adherence to traditional food choices seems to increase the risk of developing subclinical atherosclerosis among Finnish men.

Has brief counselling an impact on the risk factors for cardiovascular disease in 40-year-old men. A three-year follow-up study

Open Medicine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Näslindh-Ylispangar ◽  
Marja Sihvonen ◽  
Seppo Sarna ◽  
Hannu Vanhanen ◽  
Pertti Kekki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Old Men ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe metabolic syndrome presents a serious challenge to health professionals. The aim of the present study is to analyze the impact of a brief counselling on cardiovascular risk factors among 40-year-old men. Forty-six males living in north-eastern Helsinki voluntarily completed the follow-up study between 2001 and 2004, and were assessed for clinical risk factors. The mean differences were determined by a paired t-test, and the interaction between groups and time by the F-test with repeated measures ANOVA. After baseline assessment and in 2002, males received a 45 minute nurse-delivered counselling session with self-administered protocol. Cardiovascular risk factors improved significantly (p<0.05) from baseline within months. However, the final measurements obtained after three years showed that almost all risk factors, except the low and high density lipoprotein, tended to revert back to baseline. The profiles were similar in all predictor groups. Brief counselling had an impact on risk factors measured in 2002, but only a partial effect on them in 2004. Conclusive results lead to the idea thatmore collaboration is needed between private health care agencies and official primary health care for ensuring the continuity of improved health habits among middle-aged males.

scholarly journals A Dietary Pattern with High Sugar Content Is Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in the Pomak Population

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3043
Author(s):  
Aliki-Eleni Farmaki ◽  
Nigel W Rayner ◽  
Maria Kafyra ◽  
Angela Matchan ◽  
Kyriaki Ntaoutidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Increased Risk

The present study describes the geographically isolated Pomak population and its particular dietary patterns in relationship to cardiovascular risk factors. We collected a population-based cohort in a cross-sectional study, with detailed anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and lifestyle parameter information. Dietary patterns were derived through principal component analysis based on a validated food-frequency questionnaire, administered to 1702 adult inhabitants of the Pomak villages on the Rhodope mountain range in Greece. A total of 69.9% of the participants were female with a population mean age of 44.9 years; 67% of the population were overweight or obese with a significantly different prevalence for obesity between men and women (17.5% vs. 37.5%, respectively, p < 0.001). Smoking was more prevalent in men (45.8% vs. 2.2%, p < 0.001), as 97.3% of women had never smoked. Four dietary patterns emerged as characteristic of the population, and were termed “high in sugars”, “quick choices”, “balanced”, and “homemade”. Higher adherence to the “high in sugars” dietary pattern was associated with increased glucose levels (p < 0.001) and increased risk of hypertension (OR (95% CI) 2.61 (1.55, 4.39), p < 0.001) and nominally associated with high blood glucose levels (OR (95% CI) 1.85 (1.11, 3.08), p = 0.018), compared to lower adherence. Overall, we characterize the dietary patterns of the Pomak population and describe associations with cardiovascular risk factors.

Abstract P347: The Impact of the Length of the Follow-up on the the Strengths of the Associations Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Future Myocardial Infarction, Stroke and Heart Failure

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Lind ◽  
Erik Ingelsson ◽  
Johan Sundström ◽  
Johan ärnlöv
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate how the length of the follow-up period influences the strength of the associations between major cardiovascular risk factors and different cardiovascular outcomes (myocardial infarction [MI], stroke and heart failure). Methods: We examined 1826 men aged 50 regarding cardiovascular risk factors in 1970-74. The follow-up time was 33 years. The hazard ratio (HR) was calculated yearly for each risk factor and outcome. During follow-up, 571 cases of MI, 381 cases of stroke and 384 cases of heart failure occurred. Results: Two major patterns were found regarding influence of the follow-up time on the associations between risk factors and the different cardiovascular outcomes. First, a gradual decline in the HR over time was seen for blood pressure in relation to all three outcomes, with the most rapid decline for heart failure and stroke. This pattern was also seen for BMI in relation to MI and heart failure, and for smoking regarding MI and stroke. Second, we observed a gradual increase in HRs to a maximum at 20-25 years, and thereafter a slight decline. This pattern was seen for the apoB/A1 ratio, HDL, and triglycerides, mainly in relation to MI and heart failure. Conclusion: The length of follow-up influenced the associations between traditional risk factors and cardiovascular outcomes in different ways. The collective influence of the risk factors did however show a substantial decline in discrimination over time for the outcomes stroke and heart failure, but not regarding myocardial infarction.

Abstract MP05: Impact of Gentrification on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Outcomes in England: 2004-2018

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nrupen A Bhavsar ◽  
Danying Li ◽  
Miguel Ramos ◽  
Laura Richman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Length Of Residence ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Dynamic changes to neighborhoods due to forces such as gentrification impact the health of residents. Much of this research has been conducted within the United States, where racial disparities and access to healthcare impact risk for health outcomes. Internationally, other factors may play a more prominent role in the association between gentrification and cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes. Hypothesis: Residents living in gentrified vs. non-gentrified neighborhoods will have lower odds of diabetes (DM), hypertension (HTN), depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: We defined gentrification using changes in domains of the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) at the level of the Lower Layer Super Output Areas (LSOA) in England from 2004-2010. We used all IMD domains (income, employment, education, crime, barriers to housing, and living environment), except the health domain, from 2004 and 2010 to define LSOA deprivation. The IMD for each LSOA was standardized to the mean IMD of England using z-scores. LSOAs were eligible to be gentrified if they had a positive z-score in 2004 and were considered to gentrify if they had a negative change in the transformed IMD from 2004 to 2010. We linked these data to individual participants in the Understanding Society Study (USS). The USS is a nationally representative cohort study of 60,000 United Kingdom residents started in 2009 with follow-up ongoing. We limited the analysis to residents in England who lived in top and bottom 25% deprived LSOAs (n=8782). We used multivariable logistic regression to calculate the odds ratio for self-reported DM, HTN, depression, and CVD in residents in neighborhoods that did and did not gentrify, adjusting for race, sex, length of residence (LOR), baseline IMD score, and baseline prevalence of health conditions. Results were stratified by age (<65 & >=65 years) and median LOR (<13 & >=13 years). Results: At baseline, 8782 participants had a median age of 43 years, 4% were black and 55% were female. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of DM, HTN, depression, or CVD at baseline. At follow-up, overall, there were no significant difference in the odds of DM, HTN, or CVD between residents living in gentrified vs. non-gentrified neighborhoods. Residents in neighborhoods that gentrified had a 39% lower odds of depression as compared to participants living in neighborhoods that did not gentrify (p=0.01). Results were not significantly modified by age or length of residence. Conclusions: Residents living in gentrified neighborhoods did not have differential risk for most CVD risk factors and outcomes as compared to residents living in neighborhoods that did not gentrify. However, the impact of gentrification on health is not uniform across all conditions. The positive health impact seen may suggest gentrification increases access to resources not present prior to gentrification.

scholarly journals Childhood dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence: results from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 3369-3377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline J Bull ◽  
Kate Northstone
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Avon Longitudinal Study

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the prospective associations between dietary patterns in childhood and CVD risk in adolescence.DesignProspective cohort study. Exposures were dietary patterns at age 7, 10 and 13 years derived by cluster analysis. Outcomes were physiological and biochemical cardiovascular risk markers.SettingAvon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), UK.SubjectsChildren (n2311, 44.1 % male) with complete data available.ResultsAfter adjustment for known confounders, we observed an association between being in the ‘Processed’ and ‘Packed lunch’ dietary pattern clusters at age 7 and BMI at age 17. Compared with the ‘healthy’ cluster, the OR (95 % CI) for being in the top 10 % for BMI was 1·60 (1·01, 2·55;P=0·05) for the ‘Processed’ cluster and 1·96 (1·22, 3·13;P=0·005) for the ‘Packed lunch’ cluster. However, no association was observed between BMI and dietary patterns at age 10 and 13. Longitudinal analyses showed that being in either the ‘Processed’ or ‘Packed lunch’ cluster at age 7 was associated with increased risk of being in the top 10 % for BMI regardless of subsequent cluster membership. No associations between other cardiovascular risk measures and dietary patterns were robust to adjustment for confounders.ConclusionsWe did not find any consistent evidence to support an association between dietary patterns in childhood and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence, with the exception of BMI and dietary pattern at age 7 only. However, the importance of dietary intake in childhood upon health later in life requires further investigation and we would encourage the adoption of a healthy diet as early in life as possible.

Effect of age, gender and cardiovascular risk factors on carotid distensibility during 6-year follow-up. The cardiovascular risk in Young Finns study

2012 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. 474-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha Koskinen ◽  
Costan G. Magnussen ◽  
Jorma S.A. Viikari ◽  
Mika Kähönen ◽  
Tomi Laitinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Distensibility ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Young Finns Study

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk factors in relation to dietary patterns in 50-year-old men and women: a feasibility study of a short FFQ

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina E Persson ◽  
Elisabet Rothenberg ◽  
Per-Olof Hansson ◽  
Catharina Welin ◽  
Elisabeth Strandhagen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to assess the feasibility of a simple new fifteen-item FFQ as a tool for screening risk of poor dietary patterns in a healthy middle-aged population and to investigate how the results of the FFQ correlated with cardiovascular risk factors and socio-economic factors.DesignA randomized population-based cross-sectional study. Metabolic measurements for cardiovascular risk factors and information about lifestyle were collected. A fifteen-item FFQ was created to obtain information about dietary patterns. From the FFQ, a healthy eating index was created with three dietary groups: good, average and poor. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess relationships between dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors.SettingSweden.SubjectsMen and women aged 50 years and living in Gothenburg, Sweden.ResultsIn total, 521 middle-aged adults (257 men, 264 women) were examined. With good dietary pattern as the reference, there was a gradient association of having obesity, hypertension and high serum TAG in those with average and poor dietary patterns. After adjustment for education and lifestyle factors, individuals with a poor dietary pattern still had significantly higher risk (OR; 95 % CI) of obesity (2·33; 1·10, 4·94), hypertension (2·73; 1·44, 5·20) and high serum TAG (2·62; 1·33, 5·14) compared with those with a good dietary pattern.ConclusionsBaseline data collected by a short FFQ can predict cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged Swedish men and women. The FFQ could be a useful tool in health-care settings, when screening for risk of poor dietary patterns.

scholarly journals A Cross Sectional Analysis of the Prevalence of Co-Morbidities in Older Transgender Individuals Receiving Hormone Affirming Therapy in Comparison With the General Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A786-A787
Author(s):  
Ido Breda ◽  
Iris Yaish ◽  
Yael Sofer ◽  
Karen Michele Tordjman ◽  
Yona Greenman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Transgender Men

Abstract Background: Transgender individuals feel an incongruity between the assigned gender at birth and their gender identity. Because the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and morbidity associated with cross-sex hormonal therapy is not well established, particularly in the older transgender population, we set out to compare it to that of the general population. Methods: Data were collected from medical records of transgender patients treated in the Endocrine Institute at the Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center until October 2018. Data from the Israel National Health Survey INHIS-3 2013-2015 were used as reference. Results: 104 (75 transgender women and 29 transgender men) patients over 35 y were identified. The median follow up time was 3 y (1-6.1). Transgender women had a high standardized prevalence rate (SPR) of overweight, smoking and engaging in physical exercise, but not of dyslipidemia compared with cisgender men and women. The SPR for overweight was high in transgender males compared with cisgender men and women. The SPR for smoking and dyslipidemia was high in transgender men compared with cisgender women but not men. Depression and anxiety were markedly increased in transgender women compared with cisgender men [SPR 5.5 (95% CI 3.3-8.5), p&lt;0.001] and women [SPR 2.8 (95% CI 1.7-4.3), p&lt;0.001] in the control population. The SPR of hypertension, diabetes and cerebrovascular disease was not elevated among transgender patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors but not cardiovascular morbidity was higher in the transgender patients compared with the general population. Further studies including a larger population and a longer follow up time are needed to better assess the impact of a high prevalence of risk factors on cardiovascular morbidity on the long run.

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