scholarly journals Supplementation with a juice powder concentrate and exercise decrease oxidation and inflammation, and improve the microcirculation in obese women: randomised controlled trial data

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (9) ◽  
pp. 1685-1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Lamprecht ◽  
Georg Obermayer ◽  
Kurt Steinbauer ◽  
Gerhard Cvirn ◽  
Lidija Hofmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Total Oxidation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Redox Biology ◽  
Tnf Α

Obesity and sedentary lifestyle are associated with increased oxidative stress, inflammation and vessel dysfunction. Previous research has shown that an encapsulated fruit/berry/vegetable juice powder (FBV) supplement or controlled exercise training improve the markers of redox biology, low-grade inflammation and circulation. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of 8 weeks of supplementation with FBV or placebo, and a single bout of controlled walking on the markers of oxidation, inflammation and skin capillary microcirculation in forty-two obese pre-menopausal women (41 (sd 5) years, non-smokers and BMI 34·5 (sd 3·8) kg/m2) using a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. All assessments were made before and after 8 weeks of capsule supplementation, and pre- and post-30 min of controlled treadmill walking at 70 % of VO2max. Venous blood was collected for the determination of carbonyl proteins (CP), oxidised LDL (ox-LDL), total oxidation status (TOS) of lipids, malondialdehyde, TNF-α and IL-6. Capillary blood flow, O2 saturation of Hb (SO2Hb) and the relative concentration of Hb (rHb) were assessed at a 2 mm skin depth. Following 8 weeks of supplementation, compared with placebo, the FBV group had a significant (P< 0·05) reduction in CP, ox-LDL, TOS and TNF-α, and a significant increase in blood flow, SO2Hb and rHb. Independent of supplementation, moderate exercise significantly increased blood flow and rHb, with a trend towards increased SO2Hb. Compared with placebo, 8 weeks of supplementation with FBV decreased the markers of systemic oxidation and inflammation. Both FBV supplementation and a single walking bout improved the markers of the microcirculation in these obese women.

Green Cardamom Plus Low Calorie Diet Can Decrease Inflammatory Genes Expression Among Obese Women With Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome, A Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Cheshmeh ◽  
Maysa Ghayyem ◽  
Firoozeh Khamooshi ◽  
Neda Heydarzadeh ◽  
Niloofar Hojati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Level ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Green Cardamom

Abstract PurposePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of endocrine disorder and infertility among womenin which is related with low grade inflammation. Therefore, this current randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlledclinical trial assessed the effects of green cardamom supplementation on inflammatory markers and gene expressionamong obese women with PCOS.MethodsWe included 194 obese PCOS women that gave all of them low calorie diet. These subjects were randomlydivided in two studied groups including intervention with 3 g/day green cardamom (n=99) and placebo groups (n=95).Anthropometric indices, androgen hormones, and inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), Interleukin6 (IL-6), and C- reactive protein (CRP)) were assessed before and after four months intervention. Their TNF-α, IL-6,and CRP genes expression level were measured using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)method.ResultsAnthropometric indices were improved in both two studied groups (P<0.001). Among androgen hormonesluteinizing hormone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone were significantly decreased (P<0.001), as wellas, follicle-stimulating hormone was significantly increased (P<0.001) in the green cardamom group. Our findingsshowed that TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP serum were significantly decreased after the intervention with green cardamomplus low calorie diet (P<0.001). In addition, the expression level of TNF-α and CRP genes were significantly decreasedin intervention groups (P<0.001).ConclusionsThis present study support the beneficial anti-inflammatory effect of green cardamom on theinflammatory status in the PCOS women.Level of evidenceLevel I, randomized clinical trialTrial registrationThis trial was registered with the Iranian Clinical Trials Registry (registration number:IRCT20200608047697N1). 1 August, 2020; https://www.irct.ir/trial/48748

scholarly journals Effects of dexmedetomidine on postoperative delirium and expression of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α in elderly patients after hip fracture operation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenchao Zhang ◽  
Tianlong Wang ◽  
Geng Wang ◽  
Minghui Yang ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Postoperative Delirium ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Surgical Complication ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common surgical complication in elderly patients. This study investigated the effects of dexmedetomidine on POD and inflammatory factors in elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods: The randomized, double-blind, controlled trial enrolled patients aged ≥65 years who underwent operation for hip fracture in the Department of Anesthesiology in Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital from October 2016 to January 2017. The patients were divided into the DEX group and the NS group and were intravenously infused with dexmedetomidine or an equal volume of normal saline, respectively. After surgery, the incidence of delirium at postoperative day 1 (T1), day 2 (T2) and day 3 (T3) were assessed using the Ramsay score and Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) delirium scale. Interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentrations in the venous blood of the two groups of patients were detected at T0 (before surgery), T1 and T3.Results: Data from 218 patients were analyzed with 110 patients in the DEX group and 108 in the NS group. Dexmedetomidine decreased POD incidence (18.2% vs. 30.6%, P=0.033). Compared to T0, all three inflammatory factors increased at T1 and then decreased at T3 and changes with time were significant (all P<0.001). IL-6 (P<0.001) and TNF-α (P=0.003) levels were lower in the DEX group, but IL-1 levels were similar. The rate of adverse events was similar in the two groups.Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine reduced the incidence of POD in elderly patients with hip fracture at an early stage, and reduced short-term IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations.

scholarly journals Effects of Fermented Milk Containing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Strain Shirota on Constipation in Patients with Depression: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2238
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Zhang ◽  
Shanbin Chen ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Fazheng Ren ◽  
Yimei Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Factor Α

Probiotics have been shown to benefit patients with constipation and depression, but whether they specifically alleviate constipation in patients with depression remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota (LcS), formerly Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota, on constipation in patients with depression with specific etiology and gut microbiota and on depressive regimens. Eighty-two patients with constipation were recruited. The subjects consumed 100 mL of a LcS beverage (108 CFU/mL) or placebo every day for 9 weeks. After ingesting beverages for this period, we observed no significant differences in the total patient constipation-symptom (PAC-SYM) scores in the LcS group when compared with the placebo group. However, symptoms/scores in item 7 (rectal tearing or bleeding after a bowel movement) and items 8–12 (stool symptom subscale) were more alleviated in the LcS group than in the placebo group. The Beck Depression Index (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores were all significantly decreased, and the degree of depression was significantly improved in both the placebo and LcS groups (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the groups. The LcS intervention increased the beneficial Adlercreutzia, Megasphaera and Veillonella levels and decreased the bacterial levels related to mental illness, such as Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Sutterella and Oscillibacter. Additionally, the interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were significantly decreased in both the placebo and LcS groups (p < 0.05). In particular, the IL-6 levels were significantly lower in the LcS group than the placebo group after the ingestion period (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the daily consumption of LcS for 9 weeks appeared to relieve constipation and improve the potentially depressive symptoms in patients with depression and significantly decrease the IL-6 levels. In addition, the LcS supplementation also appeared to regulate the intestinal microbiota related to mental illness.

scholarly journals Leukocyte DNA Damage and Wound Infection after Nitrous Oxide Administration

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 1322-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Chen ◽  
Xiaodong Liu ◽  
Christopher H. K. Cheng ◽  
Tony Gin ◽  
Kate Leslie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Postoperative Wound Infection ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Postoperative Wound ◽  
Oxygen Groups

Abstract Background: Nitrous oxide inactivates methionine synthase and may lead to DNA damage and wound infection. By using single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay), the authors determined the effect of nitrous oxide on DNA damage in circulating leukocytes. Methods: In this double-blind, randomized controlled trial, 91 patients undergoing major colorectal surgery were randomized to receive 70% nitrous oxide (n = 31) or nitrous oxide-free anesthesia using 30 (n = 30) or 80% (n = 30) oxygen. Venous blood was collected before and 24 h after surgery. The primary outcome was extent of DNA damage, quantified as the percentage of DNA staining intensity in the comet tail using digital fluorescence microscopy. Incidence of postoperative wound infection was also recorded. Results: Nitrous oxide exposure was associated with a two-fold increase in the percentage of DNA intensity in tail (P = 0.0003), but not in the 30 (P = 0.181) or 80% oxygen groups (P = 0.419). There was a positive correlation between the duration of nitrous oxide exposure and extent of DNA damage, r = 0.33, P = 0.029. However, no correlation was observed in nitrous oxide-free patients. The proportions of postoperative wound infection, using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria, were 19.4% (6 of 31) in the 70% nitrous oxide group and 6.7% (2 of 30) in both the 30 and 80% oxygen groups, P = 0.21. An increase in DNA damage was associated with a higher risk of wound infection, adjusted odds ratio (95% CIs): 1.19 (1.07–1.34), P = 0.003. Conclusions: Nitrous oxide increased DNA damage compared with nitrous oxide-free anesthesia and was associated with postoperative wound infection.

scholarly journals Randomized Controlled Trial of Strain-Specific Probiotic Formulation (Renadyl) in Dialysis Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranganathan Natarajan ◽  
Bohdan Pechenyak ◽  
Usha Vyas ◽  
Pari Ranganathan ◽  
Alan Weinberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Uremic Toxin ◽  
Double Blind

Background. Primary goal of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study of Renadyl in end-stage renal disease patients was to assess the safety and efficacy of Renadyl measured through improvement in quality of life or reduction in levels of known uremic toxins. Secondary goal was to investigate the effects on several biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress.Methods. Two 2-month treatment periods separated by 2-month washout and crossover, with physical examinations, venous blood testing, and quality of life questionnaires completed at each visit. Data were analyzed with SAS V9.2.Results. 22 subjects (79%) completed the study. Observed trends were as follows (none reaching statistical significance): decline in WBC count(-0.51×109/L,P=0.057)and reductions in levels of C-reactive protein(-8.61 mg/L,P=0.071)and total indoxyl glucuronide(-0.11 mg%,P=0.058). No statistically significant changes were observed in other uremic toxin levels or measures of QOL.Conclusions. Renadyl appeared to be safe to administer to ESRD patients on hemodialysis. Stability in QOL assessment is an encouraging result for a patient cohort in such advanced stage of kidney disease. Efficacy could not be confirmed definitively, primarily due to small sample size and low statistical power—further studies are warranted.

scholarly journals The Multispecies Probiotic Effectively Reduces Homocysteine Concentration in Obese Women: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Majewska ◽  
Matylda Kręgielska-Narożna ◽  
Hieronim Jakubowski ◽  
Monika Szulińska ◽  
Paweł Bogdański
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Homocysteine Concentration

Dysregulated metabolism of homocysteine (Hcy) is associated with obesity. Supplementation with probiotics can potentially be a natural therapeutic method for metabolic disorders. The precise mechanism in which microbiota affect Hcy metabolism in obese individuals is still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 12-week supplementation with a multispecies probiotic on Hcy levels, oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid profile in obese patients. This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial was performed on 50 obese women (aged 45–70 years). Subjects were randomly assigned to take either a multispecies probiotic supplement (n = 25) or placebo (n = 25) for 12 weeks. The probiotic contained nine bacterial strains containing 2.5 × 109 CFU/g. Biochemical and anthropometric measurements were carried out at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention. At the end of the study, a significant decrease in Hcy, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and triglyceride (TG) levels were observed in the probiotic group. The amelioration of total antioxidant status (TAS) was also observed. The 12-week supplementation of the multispecies probiotic (Ecologic® BARIER) effectively reduced Hcy concentration, oxidative stress and inflammation, and improved the lipid profile. These multidirectional effects can potentially reduce cardiometabolic risks.

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