Retrospective lifetime dietary patterns are associated with demographic and cardiovascular health variables in an older community-dwelling Australian population

Dietary patterns derived from factor analytic procedures have been demonstrated to predict demographic and health outcomes across a wide range of populations. To examine the potential utility of long-term dietary recall, in the present study, we examined associations between dietary patterns from across the lifespan and demographic and later-life cardiovascular-related health variables, using the Lifetime Diet Questionnaire (LDQ). The LDQ is a self-administered, non-quantitative, retrospective FFQ designed to assess dietary intake from childhood to older age. Participants (n 352) from the Older People, Omega-3 and Cognitive Health trial, aged 65–91 years, completed the LDQ. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the LDQ and plausible dietary patterns were derived. As a result, three patterns were extracted from each life period, with five distinct patterns overall; these were ‘traditional Australian’ and ‘non-traditional Australian’, ‘high-sugar and high-fat’, ‘vegetable’ and ‘fruit and vegetable’ patterns. In separate adjusted regression models, age, sex, education, income, parental background and childhood physical activity all significantly predicted dietary patterns across the lifespan. A ‘traditional Australian’ pattern in childhood predicted higher HDL-cholesterol levels and lower odds of cholesterol medication use; lower HDL-cholesterol levels were predicted by the adult ‘processed, high-sugar and high-fat’ pattern, and higher intake of a ‘non-traditional Australian’ pattern in adulthood also predicted lower odds of using cardiac medications. Lifetime dietary recall, as instantiated by the LDQ, provides a hitherto untapped source of long-term dietary information in older adults that may contribute to greater understanding of the impact exerted by early-life and cumulative dietary choices on later-life health.

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Assessing lifetime diet: reproducibility of a self-administered, non-quantitative FFQ

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980010003174 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 801-808 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Diane Hosking ◽

Vanessa Danthiir ◽

Ted Nettelbeck ◽

Carlene Wilson

Keyword(s):

South Australia ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cognitive Outcomes ◽

Older Age ◽

Food Groups ◽

Polychoric Correlation ◽

Cognitive Health ◽

Dietary Recall ◽

Test Retest Reliability

AbstractObjectiveTo demonstrate test–retest reliability (reproducibility) of a new self-administered lifetime diet questionnaire, with a focus on foods relevant to cognitive health in older age.DesignThe reproducibility of dietary recall over four or five life periods was assessed by administering the questionnaire at two time points to an older cohort. The period between questionnaire administrations was 7 weeks. Polychoric correlations measured the association between recall at time 1 and time 2 and the weightedκstatistic measured the level of recall agreement for food groups across the two administrations of the questionnaire.SettingAdelaide, South Australia.SubjectsFifty-two cognitively healthy, older-age, community-dwelling adults completed the Lifetime Diet Questionnaire; mean age 81·8 (sd4·4) years, range 70–90 years.ResultsThe questionnaire showed very good reproducibility in this sample with a mean polychoric correlation coefficient of 0·81 between administration at time 1 and time 2, and an average weightedκof 0·49 for the level of recall agreement between food groups.ConclusionsThe demonstrated reliability of this lifetime diet questionnaire makes it a useful tool to assess potential relationships between long-term dietary intake and later-age cognitive outcomes.

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FC23-02 - Gender and genotype modulation of the association between lipid levels and depressive symptomatology in community-dwelling elderly

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73644-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 1940-1940

Author(s):

M.-L. Ancelin ◽

I. Carrière ◽

J.-P. Boulenger ◽

A. Malafosse ◽

R. Stewart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Apolipoprotein E ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Lipid Levels ◽

Genetic Vulnerability ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Low Hdl ◽

Gender Specific

BackgroundLipids appear to mediate depressive vulnerability in the elderly, however, sex differences and genetic vulnerability have not been taken into account in previous prospective studies.MethodsDepression was assessed in a population of 1040 women and 752 men aged 65 years and over at baseline and after 7-year follow-up. Clinical level of depression (DEP) was defined as having either a score of 16 and above on the Centre for Epidemiology Studies Depression scale or a diagnosis of current major depression on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Lipid levels, apolipoprotein E and serotonin transporter linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) genotypes were evaluated at baseline.ResultsMultivariate analyses adjusted by socio-demographic and behavioral variables, measures of physical health including ischemic pathologies, and genetic vulnerability indicated gender-specific associations between dyslipidemia and DEP, independent of the use of lipid lowering agents or apolipoprotein E status. Men with low LDL-cholesterol levels had twice the risk of prevalent and incident DEP whereas in women low HDL-cholesterol levels were found to be significantly associated with increased prevalent DEP (OR = 1.5) only. A significant interaction was observed between low LDL-cholesterol and 5-HTTLPR genotype, men with s/s or s/l genotype being at increased risk of DEP (OR = 6.0 and 2.7, respectively). No significant gene-environment interaction was observed for women.ConclusionsDEP is associated with higher atherogenic risk in women (low HDL-cholesterol), whereas the reverse is observed in men (low LDL-cholesterol). Late-life depression may have a complex gender-specific etiology involving genetic vulnerability in men.

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Dietary patterns in infancy: the importance of maternal and family influences on feeding practice

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114507750936 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 98 (5) ◽

pp. 1029-1037 ◽

Cited By ~ 164

Author(s):

Siân Robinson ◽

Lynne Marriott ◽

Jason Poole ◽

Sarah Crozier ◽

Sharon Borland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Patterns ◽

Maternal Diet ◽

Later Life ◽

Family Characteristics ◽

Feeding Practice ◽

Dietary Recommendations ◽

Infant Diet ◽

High Consumption ◽

The Uk

It is not known what constitutes an optimal diet in infancy. There are relatively few studies of weaning practice in the UK, and there is a need for prospective data on the effects of infant diet and nutrition on health in later life. We describe the dietary patterns, defined using principal components analysis of FFQ data, of 1434 infants aged 6 and 12 months, born between 1999 and 2003. The two most important dietary patterns identified at 6 and 12 months were very similar. The first pattern was characterised by high consumption of fruit, vegetables and home-prepared foods (‘infant guidelines’ pattern). The second pattern was characterised by high consumption of bread, savoury snacks, biscuits and chips (‘adult foods’ pattern). Dietary pattern scores were correlated at 6 and 12 months (r 0·46 ‘infant guidelines’; r 0·45 ‘adult foods’). These patterns, which reflect wide variations in weaning practice, are associated with maternal and family characteristics. A key influence on the infant diet is the quality of the maternal diet. Women who comply with dietary recommendations, and who have high intakes of fruit and vegetables, wholemeal bread and rice and pasta, are more likely to have infants who have comparable diets – with high ‘infant guidelines’ pattern scores. Conversely, women whose own diets are characterised by high intakes of chips, white bread, crisps and sweets are more likely to have infants who have high ‘adult foods’ pattern scores. The effects of these patterns on growth and development, and on long-term outcomes need to be investigated.

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Men with Lower HDL Cholesterol Levels have Significant Increment of Soluble CD40 Ligand and High-sensitivity CRP Levels Following the Cessation of Long-term Clopidogrel Therapy

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis ◽

10.5551/jat.26765 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 284-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Slobodan Obradovic ◽

Nina Djukanovic ◽

Zoran Todorovic ◽

Ivanka Markovic ◽

Danijela Zamaklar-Trifunovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Cd40 Ligand ◽

Soluble Cd40 Ligand ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Clopidogrel Therapy ◽

Significant Increment

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Effect of a Long-Term Fat-Modified Diet on Serum Lipoprotein Levels of Cholesterol and Triglyceride in Patients on Home Haemodialysis

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0600081 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 81-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

V. J. Wass ◽

R. J. Jarrett ◽

V. Meilton ◽

M. K. Start ◽

M. Mattock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Cholesterol ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Home Haemodialysis ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Modified Diet

1. Changes in serum total and lipoprotein fraction triglyceride and cholesterol levels were studied in 24 adults on home haemodialysis. Half the patients were randomly allocated to a low cholesterol (mean 200 mg/day), fat-modified diet (mean polyunsaturated/saturated fat ratio of 1.0 with a mean of 43% of the total energy content derived from fat). 2. Before dietary manipulation, triglyceride levels in all lipoprotein fractions were significantly higher (P < 0.02) than in a control group of age and sex matched normal subjects. Total cholesterol, very-low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were also significantly raised (P < 0.02), but high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was normal. In the patients on a fat-modified diet triglyceride levels did not alter in any of the lipoprotein fractions. Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels fell significantly into the normal range (P < 0.002 and < 0.001 respectively) but VLDL and HDL cholesterol levels did not change. 3. Hypertriglyceridaemia is the most common lipid abnormality in patients with renal failure and a long-term fat-modified diet is, therefore, of limited therapeutic importance in these patients unless there is a low HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio.

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Comparison of the long-term effects of high-fat v. low-fat diet consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects with abnormal glucose metabolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114514000464 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 111 (12) ◽

pp. 2047-2058 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Lukas Schwingshackl ◽

Georg Hoffmann

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

High Fat ◽

Low Fat

The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the long-term effects ( ≥ 12 months) of high-fat (HF) v. low-fat (LF) diet consumption on the indicators of glycaemic control as well as cardiovascular risk factors in pre-diabetic and diabetic individuals. Literature search was carried out using the electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Trial Register until November 2013. Study-specific weighted mean differences (MD) were pooled using a random-effects model of the Cochrane software package Review Manager 5.1 and Stata 12.0 was used for meta-regressions. A total of fourteen trials met the inclusion criteria and a maximum of 1753 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. HF regimens were found to result in a significant decrease in TAG levels (MD − 0·19 mmol/l, 95 % CI − 0·23, − 0·14, P< 0·001; I2= 0 %, P= 0·58) and diastolic blood pressure (MD − 1·30 mmHg, 95 % CI − 1·73, − 0·87, P< 0·001; I2= 0 %, P= 0·60) and a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol levels (MD 0·05 mmol/l, 95 % CI 0·01, 0·08, P= 0·01; I2= 57 %, P= 0·01). In addition, MD in the reductions of fasting glucose levels ( − 0·41 mmol/l, 95 % CI − 0·74, − 0·08, P= 0·01; I2= 56 %, P= 0·02) were significantly high in patients with type 2 diabetes adhering to a HF diet. HF and LF diets might not be of equal value in the management of either pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes, leading to emphasis being placed on the recommendations of HF diets.

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Milk from dams fed an obesogenic diet combined with a high-fat/high-sugar diet induces long-term abnormal mammary gland development in the rabbit1

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.2527/jas.2014-8139 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 93 (4) ◽

pp. 1641-1655 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C. Hue-Beauvais ◽

E. Koch ◽

P. Chavatte-Palmer ◽

L. Galio ◽

S. Chat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mammary Gland ◽

Mammary Gland Development ◽

High Fat ◽

High Sugar ◽

Obesogenic Diet ◽

Gland Development

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Congenital Anomalies Programmed by Maternal Diabetes and Obesity on Offspring of Rats

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.701767 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Vanessa Caruline Araujo-Silva ◽

Alice Santos-Silva ◽

Andressa Silva Lourenço ◽

Cristielly Maria Barros-Barbosa ◽

Rafaianne Queiroz Moraes-Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maternal Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Female Rats ◽

Gravid Uterus ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Standard Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

High Sugar ◽

Obesity And Diabetes

Embryo-fetal exposure to maternal disorders during intrauterine life programs long-term consequences for the health and illness of offspring. In this study, we evaluated whether mild diabetic rats that were given high-fat/high-sugar (HF/HS) diet presented maternal and fetal changes at term pregnancy. Female rats received citrate buffer (non-diabetic-ND) or streptozotocin (diabetic-D) after birth. According to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), the experimental groups (n = 11 animals/group) were composed of non-diabetic and diabetic receiving standard diet (S) or HF/HS diet. High-fat/high-sugar diet (30% kcal of lard) in chow and water containing 5% sucrose and given 1 month before mating and during pregnancy. During and at the end of pregnancy, obesity and diabetes features were determined. After laparotomy, blood samples, periovarian fat, and uterine content were collected. The diabetic rats presented a higher glycemia and percentage of embryonic losses when compared with the NDS group. Rats DHF/HS presented increased obesogenic index, caloric intake, and periovarian fat weight and reduced gravid uterus weight in relation to the other groups. Besides, this association might lead to the inflammatory process, confirmed by leukocytosis. Obese rats (NDHF/HS and DHF/HS) showed higher triglyceride levels and their offspring with lower fetal weight and ossification sites, indicating intrauterine growth restriction. This finding may contribute to vascular alterations related to long-term hypertensive disorders in adult offspring. The fetuses from diabetic dams showed higher percentages of skeletal abnormalities, and DHF/HS dams still had a higher rate of anomalous fetuses. Thus, maternal diabetes and/or obesity induces maternal metabolic disorders that contribute to affect fetal development and growth.

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Phytosterol supplementation in the treatment of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents: a systematic review

Revista Paulista de Pediatria ◽

10.1590/1984-0462/2021/39/2019389 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

Author(s):

Luisa Montone Mantovani ◽

Camila Pugliese

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Data Synthesis ◽

Good Tolerance ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Long Term Effect

ABSTRACT Objective: To carry out a systematic review on the effects of phytosterol supplementation on the treatment of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents. Data sources: Review in the SciELO, Lilacs, Bireme, PubMed and Web of Science databases, with no time limit. Descriptors: phytosterols or plant sterols and dyslipidemias, hypercholesterolemia, cholesterol, children, adolescent, in English and Portuguese. The articles included were published in Portuguese, English or Spanish and evaluated the effect of phytosterol supplementation in pediatric patients with dyslipidemia. Documents that involved adults or animals, review papers, case studies and abstracts were excluded. Two authors performed independent extraction of articles. Of 113 abstracts, 19 were read in full and 12 were used in this manuscript. Data synthesis: Phytosterol supplementation to reduce cholesterol levels has been shown to be effective in reducing LDL-cholesterol levels by approximately 10%, with reductions above 10% in LDL-cholesterol levels observed after 8 to 12 weeks of intervention. Studies have not shown significant changes in HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Based on the absence of adverse effects, its use seems to be safe and of good tolerance in children and adolescents. Conclusions: Phytosterol supplementation seems to be of great therapeutic aid for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in children and adolescents. Further studies assessing the long-term effect of phytosterol supplementation are necessary.

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