Towards the Reliable Prediction of Time to Flowering in Six Annual Crops. V. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum)

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Ellis ◽  
R. J. Lawn ◽  
R. J. Summerfield ◽  
A. Qi ◽  
E. H. Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Reliable Prediction ◽  
General Application ◽  
Additive Rate Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Critical Photoperiod ◽  
Response To Temperature

SUMMARYFour genotypes of ‘desi’ and two of ‘kabuli’ chickpea (Cicer arietinum) were sown at six locations in Australia on various dates between 1986 and 1988, giving 22 combinations of site and sowing date with diverse photothermal environments. Times from sowing to first flowering (f) varied from 30 to 162 d, mean pre-flowering temperatures from 10.8° to 29.3°C and mean photoperiods from 11.3 to 15.6 h d−1. There was no evidence that any observation had been obtained in photoperiods shorter than the ceiling photoperiod (Pcc) or longer than the critical photoperiod (Pc). This suggests that, in typical agricultural environments, chickpea crops experience photoperiods (P) which should satisfy the condition Pcce < P < Pc. In one ‘kabuli’ and two ‘desi’ genotypes, 1/f was influenced by both temperature and photoperiod. The coefficient of determination (R2) for a linear, additive rate of development model ranged from 0.74 to 0.80, with no significant difference in either temperature sensitivity or photoperiod sensitivity among these three genotypes. In the remaining three genotypes, no significant response to temperature was detected between 10.8° and 29.2°C, so rate of progress to flowering was influenced solely by photoperiod. There was no significant difference in the sensitivity of 1/f to P among these three genotypes. The linear, additive rate model found here to be so satisfactory as a predictive tool for phenology, is also shown to have much wider general application.Predicción del liempo de floración

Cyclamen Leaf Unfolding Rate in Response to Temperature

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 447d-447
Author(s):  
Meriam Karlsson ◽  
Jeffrey Werner
Keyword(s):  
Day Length ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Cyclamen Persicum ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Leaf Unfolding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Response To Temperature

Nine-week-old plants of Cyclamen persicum `Miracle Salmon' were transplanted into 10-cm pots and placed in growth chambers at 8, 12, 16, 20, or 24 °C. The irradiance was 10 mol/day per m2 during a 16-h day length. After 8 weeks, the temperature was changed to 16 °C for all plants. Expanded leaves (1 cm or larger) were counted at weekly intervals for each plant. The rate of leaf unfolding increased with temperature to 20 °C. The fastest rate at 20 °C was 0.34 ± 0.05 leaf/day. Flower buds were visible 55 ± 7 days from start of temperature treatments (118 days from seeding) for the plants grown at 12, 16, or 20 °C. Flower buds appeared 60 ± 6.9 days from initiation of treatments for plants grown at 24 °C and 93 ± 8.9 days for cyclamens grown at 8 °C. Although there was no significant difference in rate of flower bud appearance for cyclamens grown at 12, 16, or 20 °C, the number of leaves, flowers, and flower buds varied significantly among all temperature treatments. Leaf number at flowering increased from 38 ± 4.7 for plants at 12 °C to 77 ± 8.3 at 24 °C. Flowers and flower buds increased from 18 ± 2.9 to 52 ± 11.0 as temperature increased from 12 to 24 °C. Plants grown at 8 °C had on average 6 ± 2 visible flower buds, but no open flowers at termination of the study (128 days from start of treatments).

scholarly journals Quantitative Breast Density in Contrast-Enhanced Mammography

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3309
Author(s):  
Gisella Gennaro ◽  
Melissa L. Hill ◽  
Elisabetta Bezzon ◽  
Francesca Caumo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Density ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Multiple Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Automatic Software ◽  
The Relationship

Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) demonstrates a potential role in personalized screening models, in particular for women at increased risk and women with dense breasts. In this study, volumetric breast density (VBD) measured in CEM images was compared with VBD obtained from digital mammography (DM) or tomosynthesis (DBT) images. A total of 150 women who underwent CEM between March 2019 and December 2020, having at least a DM/DBT study performed before/after CEM, were included. Low-energy CEM (LE-CEM) and DM/DBT images were processed with automatic software to obtain the VBD. VBDs from the paired datasets were compared by Wilcoxon tests. A multivariate regression model was applied to analyze the relationship between VBD differences and multiple independent variables certainly or potentially affecting VBD. Median VBD was comparable for LE-CEM and DM/DBT (12.73% vs. 12.39%), not evidencing any statistically significant difference (p = 0.5855). VBD differences between LE-CEM and DM were associated with significant differences of glandular volume, breast thickness, compression force and pressure, contact area, and nipple-to-posterior-edge distance, i.e., variables reflecting differences in breast positioning (coefficient of determination 0.6023; multiple correlation coefficient 0.7761). Volumetric breast density was obtained from low-energy contrast-enhanced spectral mammography and was not significantly different from volumetric breast density measured from standard mammograms.

Intrafollicular testosterone concentration and sex ratio in individually cultured bovine embryos

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel García-Herreros ◽  
Pablo Bermejo-Álvarez ◽  
Dimitrios Rizos ◽  
Alfonso Gutiérrez-Adán ◽  
Alan G. Fahey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Cumulus Oocyte Complex ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Embryo Sex ◽  
Follicular Size

Recent studies have suggested a relationship between bovine follicular fluid testosterone concentration and the likelihood of the oocyte being fertilised by an X- or Y-bearing spermatozoon; however, this theory has been challenged. To further test this hypothesis, follicles were dissected from the ovaries of slaughtered heifers, measured and carefully ruptured. The cumulus–oocyte complex (COC) was removed and the follicular fluid collected and testosterone concentration determined by radioimmunoassay. COCs were matured, fertilised and cultured in an individually identifiable manner; all cleaved embryos (2- to 4-cell stage, n = 164) had their sex determined by PCR. Testosterone concentrations were positively skewed. There was no significant difference between follicular fluid testosterone concentrations in male and female embryos (mean ± s.e.m. 51.5 ± 5.59 and 49.5 ± 7.42 ng mL–1, respectively). Linear, quadratic and cubic logistical regression showed that follicular testosterone concentration could not reliably predict the sex of the embryo with odds ratios of 1.001, 1.013 and 1.066, repectively, and coefficient of determination (R2) values of 0.0003, 0.0126 and 0.0567, respectively. Follicular size and testosterone concentration were not related (R2 = 0.087). Finally, follicular size had no influence on embryo sex determination (P = 0.70). In conclusion, under the conditions of the present study, the likelihood of an oocyte being fertilised by an X- or Y-bearing spermatozoon was not affected by the size of the follicle from which it was derived, nor by the testosterone concentration in the follicular fluid.

scholarly journals Agronomic research in Martonvásár, aimed at promoting the efficiency of field crop production

2012 ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Tamás Árendás ◽  
Zoltán Berzsenyi ◽  
Péter Bónis
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Forest Residues ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Term Experiment

The effect of crop production factors on the grain yield was analysed on the basis of three-factorial experiments laid out in a split-split-plot design. In the case of maize the studies were made as part of a long-term experiment set up in 1980 on chernozem soil with forest residues, well supplied with N and very well with PK. The effects of five N levels in the main plots and four sowing dates in the subplots were compared in terms of the performance of four medium early hybrids (FAO 200). In the technological adaptation experiments carried out with durum wheat, the N supplies were moderate (2010) or good (2011), while the P and K supplies were good or very good in both years. Six N top-dressing treatments were applied in the main plots and five plant protection treatments in the subplots to test the responses of three varieties. The results were evaluated using analysis of variance, while correlations between the variables were detected using regression analysis.The effect of the tested factors on the grain yield was significant in the three-factorial maize experiment despite the annual fluctuations, reflected in extremely variable environmental means. During the given period the effect of N fertilisation surpassed that of the sowing date and the genotype. Regression analysis on the N responses for various sowing dates showed that maize sown in the middle 10 days of April gave the highest yield, but the N rates required to achieve maximum values declined as sowing was delayed. In the very wet year, the yield of durum wheat was influenced to the greatest extent by the plant protection treatments, while N supplies and the choice of variety were of approximately the same importance.  In the favourable year the yielding ability was determined by topdressing and the importance of plant protection dropped to half,  while no  significant difference could be detected between the tested varieties. According to the results of regression analysis, the positive effect of plant protection could not be substituted by an increase in the N rate in either year. The achievement of higher yields was only possible by a joint intensification of plant protection and N fertilisation. Nevertheless, the use of more efficient chemicals led to a slightly, though not significantly, higher yield, with a lower N requirement. 

scholarly journals Mathematical Models for Tumor Growth and the Reduction of Overtreatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (01) ◽  
pp. 072-078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berdine Heesterman ◽  
John-Melle Bokhorst ◽  
Lisa de Pont ◽  
Berit Verbist ◽  
Jean-Pierre Bayley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Significant Difference

Background To improve our understanding of the natural course of head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGL) and ultimately differentiate between cases that benefit from early treatment and those that are best left untreated, we studied the growth dynamics of 77 HNPGL managed with primary observation. Methods Using digitally available magnetic resonance images, tumor volume was estimated at three time points. Subsequently, nonlinear least squares regression was used to fit seven mathematical models to the observed growth data. Goodness of fit was assessed with the coefficient of determination (R 2) and root-mean-squared error. The models were compared with Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance and subsequent post-hoc tests. In addition, the credibility of predictions (age at onset of neoplastic growth and estimated volume at age 90) was evaluated. Results Equations generating sigmoidal-shaped growth curves (Gompertz, logistic, Spratt and Bertalanffy) provided a good fit (median R 2: 0.996–1.00) and better described the observed data compared with the linear, exponential, and Mendelsohn equations (p < 0.001). Although there was no statistically significant difference between the sigmoidal-shaped growth curves regarding the goodness of fit, a realistic age at onset and estimated volume at age 90 were most often predicted by the Bertalanffy model. Conclusions Growth of HNPGL is best described by decelerating tumor growth laws, with a preference for the Bertalanffy model. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that this often-neglected model has been successfully fitted to clinically obtained growth data.

Effect of sowing date on the yield and quality of maize hybrids with different growing seasons

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Late Sowing

The yield, protein and starch content of Martonvásár maize hybrids belonging to different FAO groups were examined in experiments involving early, optimal and late sowing dates in two different years (drought — 2007, favourable water supplies — 2008) on a calcareous chernozem soil with loam texture at the Látókép Experimental Station of the Centre of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, University of Debrecen.Sowing date had a significant effect on maize grain yield in the dry year. The grain yields of hybrids with longer growing periods were significantly higher than those with shorter growing periods in both years, but they reacted sensitively to the change in sowing date in the dry year. Due to the rainfall distribution in the growing season, sowing date did not modify the performance of the hybrids in the year with favourable water supplies. Sowing date had a significant effect on the grain protein content in the dry year, with significantly higher values after late sowing than after early or optimal sowing. Averaged over the sowing dates, the protein content of the FAO 200 hybrid was significantly higher in both years than that of hybrids in other FAO groups. In the dry year, the greatest difference in protein content could be observed between the early and late sowing dates for hybrids in all four FAO groups. A negative correlation was found between yield and protein content. Sowing date significantly increased the starch content of maize in the favourable year, with a significant difference between early and late sowing dates.In the dry year higher starch contents were recorded for all the hybrids and for all the sowing dates than in the favourable year. In the dry year, sowing date only caused a significant difference in the starch content in the case of FAO 200 sown at optimal and late sowing dates. In the favourable year, a significant difference was only obtained for the starch content of the FAO 400 hybrid sown at early and late sowing dates. Satisfactory quality can only be achieved if suitable genotypes are grown with appropriate technologies.

scholarly journals Characteristics of asbestos fibers in lung tissue from occupational and environmental asbestos exposure of lung cancer patients in Busan, Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Sung Jung ◽  
Eun-Kee Park ◽  
Jun-Seok Cha ◽  
Jae-Won Lee ◽  
Jong-Chun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Occupationally Exposed

AbstractThe Asbestos Injury Relief Act in Korea requires that asbestos exposure be assessed through clinical examination and chest computed tomography (CT). However, a more specific measurement of asbestos characteristics in the lung tissue may be appropriate. We aimed to investigate the asbestos burden and characterize asbestos fibers in patients with lung cancer and ultimately assess the relationship between occupational and environmental asbestos exposure and lung cancer in Korea. We evaluated 37 lung cancer patients (LCPs) from Busan. The factors affecting asbestos burden in LCPs were analyzed using a multiple regression analysis. History of asbestos exposure (environmental/occupational), male sex, and old age were the main factors affecting asbestos burden in lung tissues of LCPs. These factors had an approximate 37% adjusted coefficient of determination. There was a significant difference in the length of asbestos fibers (4.06–37.6 µm vs. 4.26–91.7 µm) and aspect ratio (4.5–151.9 vs. 5.6–735.6) between those who were occupationally exposed to asbestos and those who were environmentally exposed (P < 0.01). Therefore, both environmental/occupational exposure to asbestos should be strongly managed to reduce the risk of lung cancer, and exposure should be assessed according to the characteristics of asbestos fibers in the lung tissue.

scholarly journals Relationship between plasma Atherogenic index and final pathology of Bosniak III-IV renal masses: a retrospective, single-center study

BMC Urology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emre Karabay ◽  
Nejdet Karsiyakali ◽  
Serdar Duvar ◽  
Cagatay Tosun ◽  
Ahmet Ruknettin Aslan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Pathological Diagnosis ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Renal Masses ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background There is an increased incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in patients with metabolic syndrome who usually have high levels of serum triglyceride (TG) and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). Plasma atherogenic index (PAI) is the logarithmic ratio of serum TG level to HDL-C and related to cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aimed to determine the accuracy of PAI in determining renal malignancy in localized renal masses preoperatively. Methods Totally 169 patients who were diagnosed with Bosniak III-IV lesions by imaging modalities and treated in our hospital with partial or radical nephrectomy were retrospectively analyzed using institutional renal cancer database between 2013 and 2018. Preoperative images were evaluated by two experienced radiologists. The patients were divided into two groups according to their postoperative pathological diagnosis as malignant or benign tumors. The PAI of each patient was calculated and the statistical significance of PAI in predicting malignancy for renal masses was analyzed using uni- and multivariable analyses. Results Of patients, 109 (64.5%) were males and 60 (35.5%) were females with a median age of 61 (33–84) years. Median tumor size was 6.5 (2–18) cm. Pathological diagnosis was malignant in 145 (85.8%) and benign in 24 (14.2%) patients. There was no statistically significant difference in serum TG levels between malignant and benign cases (p > 0.05). The HDL-C levels were significantly lower in malignant cases (p = 0.001). Median PAI value was 0.63 (0.34–1.58) and significantly higher in malignant cases (p = 0.003). The PAI cut-off value for malignancy was ≥0.34. The sensitivity was calculated as 88.2% and specificity as 45.8%, the positive predictive value as 90.8, negative predictive value as 39.3, and odds ratio as 6.37 (95% CI: 2.466–16.458). In multivariable analysis, gender, smoking status, and hypertension had no effect on malignancy, whereas PAI and HDL-C were independent risk factors (p = 0.003 and p = 0.003, respectively). The risk of malignancy was 5.019 times higher, when PAI was > 0.34 (95% CI: 1.744–14.445) in multivariable logistic regression analysis. Conclusions The PAI can be used as a predictive tool in suspicion of malignant renal masses. In case of a benign pathology, PAI levels may be encouraging for surgeons for nephron-sparing surgery.

Reference range of fetal myocardial area by three-dimensional ultrasonography and its applicability in fetuses of pre-gestational diabetic women

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Francisco Melo Júnior ◽  
Nathalie Jeanne Bravo-valenzuela ◽  
Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza ◽  
Alberto Borges Peixoto ◽  
Rosiane Mattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Myocardial Area ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objective To determine the reference range for the myocardial area in healthy fetuses using three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography and validate these results in fetuses of pregnant women with pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods This cross-sectional retrospective study included 168 healthy pregnant women between gestational weeks 20 and 33+6 days. The myocardial area was measured using spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC) in the four-chamber view. Polynomial regression models were used, and the goodness of fit of the models were evaluated by the coefficient of determination (R2). Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility was determined using the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). Validation was performed in 30 pregnant women with pre-gestational DM. Results There was a strong correlation (R2=0.71, P<0.0001) between myocardial area and gestational age. There was good intra- and inter-observer reproducibility, with a CCC of 0.86 and 0.83, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in the mean myocardial area between healthy fetuses and fetuses of women with pre-gestational DM (0.11 cm2, P=0.55). Conclusion The reference range was determined for the myocardial area in fetuses, and there was no significant difference in this variable between healthy fetuses and the fetuses of women with pre-gestational DM.

scholarly journals Clinical risk factors and predictive tool of bacteremia in patients with cirrhosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 030006052091922
Author(s):  
Qiao Yang ◽  
Xian Zhong Jiang ◽  
Yong Fen Zhu ◽  
Fang Fang Lv
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fold Cross Validation

Objective We aimed to analyze the risk factors and to establish a predictive tool for the occurrence of bloodstream infections (BSI) in patients with cirrhosis. Methods A total of 2888 patients with cirrhosis were retrospectively included. Multivariate analysis for risk factors of BSI were tested using logistic regression. Multivariate logistic regression was validated using five-fold cross-validation. Results Variables that were independently associated with incidence of BSI were white blood cell count (odds ratio [OR] = 1.094, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.063–1.127)], C-reactive protein (OR = 1.005, 95% CI 1.002–1.008), total bilirubin (OR = 1.003, 95% CI 1.002–1.004), and previous antimicrobial exposure (OR = 4.556, 95% CI 3.369–6.160); albumin (OR = 0.904, 95% CI 0.883–0.926), platelet count (OR = 0.996, 95% CI 0.994–0.998), and serum creatinine (OR = 0.989, 95% CI 0.985–0.994) were associated with lower odds of BSI. The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the risk assessment scale was 0.850, and its sensitivity and specificity were 0.762 and 0.801, respectively. There was no significant difference between the ROC curves of cross-validation and risk assessment. Conclusions We developed a predictive tool for BSI in patients with cirrhosis, which could help with early identification of such episodes at admission, to improve outcome in these patients.

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