Genotype-environment interactions in the wintering of lambs

1959 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. B. King ◽  
J. H. Watson ◽  
G. B. Young
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
High Group ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Plane Interaction ◽  
The Many ◽  
Almost All

An experiment to investigate the differential response of lambs of various breeds and crosses to different planes of nutrition is described.Two groups of twin lambs were used comprising Blackfaces and their crosses ( x Lincoln, Wiltshire and Border Leicester rams) and Welsh and their osses ( x Suffolk and Wiltshire rams).From October to January, each cross was divided between high and low planes of nutrition. Approximately half of the twin pairs were split and the remaining pairs distributed between the environments. Significant differences were found between the crosses and twin pairs of the same cross for body weight, body measurements and wool production but not for various blood characters. For almost all characters studied, plane differences were found. There was, however, only one significant (P < 1%) cross-plane interaction—for non-protein nitrogen concentration in the blood.At the end of January, each plane was subdivided to produce high-high, high-low, low-high and low-low groups. The lambs remained in these groups until May. As before, differences between crosses were found for body weights and measurements, and wool characters but not for most blood characters. The majority of characters were affected by plane of nutrition. Cross-plane interactions were not found except in antibody response to Erisipelothrix rhusiopathia vaccine (P < 5%).At the end of May the high-high group were slaughtered and the remaining three groups fattened on grass until each reached the same average weight as the high-high group. Carcass measurements showed that all the crosses shared a striking ability to recover from previous poor nutritional treatments. One significant (P < 5%) interaction of cross and plane was found in weight of cannon bone.The most characteristic feature of the results has been the similarity of response of the different genotypes to the different nutritional environments. The few interactions found to be statistically significant by conventional methods are difficult to interpret because of the many tests of significance carried out in the analyses.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Characterization for Identification, Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Boset and Minjar Shenkora Goats of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1876-1882
Author(s):  
Tesfalem Aseged Ayele ◽  
Abraham Assefa ◽  
Abebe Hailu ◽  
Tesfaye Getachew ◽  
Manaye Misganaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Central Highland ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Linear Body

This study was conducted on a total of 776 goats (part of Central highland goat breeds of Ethiopia), 306 from Boset district of Oromia region and 470 were from Minjar Shenkora district of Amhara region. A format developed by using food and agriculture organization discerption list was used for recording of morphological traits, bodyweight and linear body measurements. Both qualitative and quantitative traits were recorded from randomly sampled mature goats and the data were analyzed using SAS software. The goat type in the study area was characterized by a higher proportion of plain coat color patterns (62.5). Ingeneral, the majority (98.4%) of the studied goats were horned and characterized by backward orientation (67%) with a straight shape (49.3%). They presented a concave facial profile (73.8%), slop up toward the rump back profile (66.2%), no wattle (99.6%), no toggle (90.7%), no ruff (85.9%) and no beard (57.3%). The location had a significant effect on body weight and some other linear body measurements. Traits like body length, rump length, horn length, head length, head width and shin circumference were significantly higher in Boset district. In contrast, rump width and cannon bone length were significantly lower. The mean body weight of male goats in Boset and Minjar Shenkora district were 30.5±1.05 kg with a range of 16 to 47 and 27.5±0.56 with a range of 13 to 57, respectively. While for female counterpart mean body weights (kg) were 28.4±0.35 with a range of 17 to 45 for Boset and 27.5±0.33 with a range 15 to 57 for Minjar Shenkora district. Heart girth had the highest correlation with body weight in both sexes and shoulder width in Boset male goats. The wider variation in most quantitative measurement traits would open an opportunity for further improvement, conservation and utilization work.

Phenotypic characterization of three strains of indigenous goats in Tanzania

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Madubi ◽  
G.C. Kifaro ◽  
P.H. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Indigenous Goats ◽  
Similar Body

SummaryCharacterization of three strains of indigenous goats found in three regions of Tanzania was undertaken on the basis of their phenotypes viz: body weight and measurements, colour pattern, ears and horns.The three strains differed in the body weights and in the frequencies of the different coat colours. The Dodoma and Mtwara strains had similar body measurements, whereas the Kigoma strain was significantly smaller.

scholarly journals Influence of feeding frequency on changes in body measurements and carcass characteristics of Red Sokoto Goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-334
Author(s):  
T. O. Bawala ◽  
A. O. Akinsoyinu ◽  
O. O. Eniolorunda ◽  
A. B. J. Aina ◽  
M. O. Ogun
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Chest Girth

Changes in body measurements and carcass characteristics were studied in Red Sokoto raised for 108days on three feeding regimes. Twenty one growing intact male goats with average weight of 8.70±0.23kg were randomly grouped into three, corresponding to the number offeeding (treatments) per day, viz, once OPD (08.00h), nwice TPD (08.00h and 13.00h) and thrice HPD (08.00, 13.00, 18.00) ina completely randomized design. Each goat was offered grass, Panicum maximum and concentrate (17% CP and 3.97 ME, Mcal/kgDM) supplement in separate containers at daily rates of 0.70 and 0.50 kg/head/day based on the number of Jeedings. Body weights and linear body measurements were taken weekly. Four representative goats were slaughtered at the close of the feeding periods to evaluate effect of level of feeding on carcass characteristics. Goats fed twice per day, TPD, had highest (P < 0.05) average weight gain (g/d) of 81.01, against 37.03 and 69.44 obtained for OPD and HPD fed goats. There were significantly differences (P < 0.05) in the changes in body weight, length, chest girth, and height at weithers values of goats as the trial progressed. Skeletal growth as represented by the height at withers HW was observed in all goals but more prominent and steady in OPD and TPD fed goats. Changes (cm) in HW of goats monitored in three stages of 36 days each of 108 day trial were: OPD goats; 3.50, 2.00, and 1.50; TPD goats,1.00, 5.00 and 0.05; HPD goats, 6.00, 3.00 and 0.20. Regression of body measurements on changes in body weight (P < 0.01) showed that chest girth was best in predicting changes in body weight on account of its highest correlation (r2 = 0.77). Similarly, TPD fed goats had highest (P<0.05) dressing % (58.30), carcass weight (7.90kg), carcass condition score (2.50) and offal composition. Corresponding values of 47.48 and 55.70 %, 5.00 and 7.00kg, and 1.00 and 1.90 were obtained for OPD and HPD fed goats respectinveb: Therefore. feeding goats twice per day improved production and could prevent waste of farmer's resources that is associated with higher mumber of feeding

scholarly journals A Study of Body Weight and Its Relation with Linear Body Measurements in Piglets Fed Different Feed Formulation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Tissopi ◽  
JP Bordoloi ◽  
J Saharia ◽  
Rajib Kro
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Creep Feed ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Linear Body

The present experiment was carried out to study the body weight and its relation with the linear body measurements of pre-weaned piglets fed with different feed formulation viz., T0 (fed conventional creep feed), T1 (fed 5% milk powder supplemented creep feed), T2 (fed probiotics supplemented creep feed ) and T3 (fed creep feed supplemented with 5% milk powder and probiotics). The final body weights at 8th weeks of age were highest in T3 (12.395 ± 0.051 kg) followed by T2 (11.230 ± 0.094), T1 (9.940 ± 0.103) and T0 (8.781 ± 0.073). These findings indicated a positive effect of added supplement in the body weight of pre-weaned piglets. The results showed that the linear body measurements of the piglets maintained a positive correlation with body weight and increased steadily with a significant effect (p 0.001) of treatment on all three traits. piglets, probiotics.

scholarly journals The Composition of the Blood of the Shore Crab, Carcinus Moenas (Pennant), in Relation to Sex and Body Size

1959 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-500
Author(s):  
A. B. GILBERT
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Ionic Concentration ◽  
Shore Crab ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Total Ionic Concentration

1. The influence of sex and body weight on the concentration of the non-protein nitrogen (N.P.N.) in the blood of Carcinus moenas was investigated. 2. Blood N.P.N. decreased with body size in both sexes until a minimum was reached at a body weight of about 35 g. Thereafter it increased with increasing body weight. 3. For body weights less than 35 g. males had higher N.P.N. values than females; above this weight male values were lower. Statistically these differences were highly significant. 4. Frequency distribution of reproductive activity with body size showed peaks which correspond with those for total ionic concentration (Gilbert, 1959a, b) and with the troughs for N.P.N. 5. Results of the present work have been discussed in relation to those reported earlier for conductivity, total O.P., chloride and sulphate (Gilbert, 1959a, b).

scholarly journals Relationship between Body Weight and Linear Body Measurements in Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Victoria ◽  
T. R. Fayeye ◽  
K. Luke Ayorinde ◽  
H. Olojede
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
Positive Correlations

A total of 108 two-weeks-old Japanese quail chicks were used to study the relationship between body weight and linear measurements and to predict body weight from linear measurements of body length (BL), body girth (BG), wing length (WL), shank length (SL), shank diameter (SD) and drum stick (DS).The results showed that the mean quail birds’ body weights were 35.23g and 143.78g, at 2nd and 8th weeks, respectively. Body weight gain was increased between 2 and 6 weeks of age and thereafter decreased with advancing age. Female birds were significantly (P< 0.05) heavier than those of male counterpart at 6th and 8th weeks of age. Significantly positive correlations (P<0.01) were obtained between body weight and body measurements at 2nd, 4th and 8th weeks. The best correlation was obtained between body weight and body girth at the 2nd week of age (0.70). The estimates of coefficient of determination and predictive equations show that body weight in Japanese quail is linearly related to body measurements especially with body girth and body length. The study shows that it is possible for breeders to use BG and BL as criteria for assessment and early selection of Japanese quail for body weight.  Keywords: Japanese quail; Body weight; Linear measurements; Correlation  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.  doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.16368 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 175-183 (2014)  

scholarly journals Biometrical Relationship between Body Weight and Body Measurements of Black Bengal Goat (BBG)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Md. Ahsan Habib ◽  
Ambia Akhtar ◽  
A. K. Fazlul Haque Bhuiyan ◽  
Md. Panir Choudhury ◽  
Most Farhana Afroz
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Chest Girth

Aims: To develop regression equations for estimation of live weight from the external morphological measurements. Study Design: CRD with non-orthogonal hierarchy. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at 3 rural village communities of Bhaluka Upazila in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh from 2009 to 2013. Methodology: All animals were ear-tagged and maintained under semi-intensive management system with scheduled vaccination and de-worming. Data were collected from a baseline survey along with 3 progressive generations produced from the community foundation stocks. Body length, chest girth, wither height, hip height and body weights were measured in a same day and recorded individually from birth up to 15 month age. Body weights were measured in kilogram by a hanging spring balance and other morphological parameters were measured in centimeter by a measuring tape. The data were analyzed by "SPSS 17.0" statistical program. Results: A total of seven regression models were adopted and analysis of variance showed that all models were fitted significantly (p<0.001). The correlation coefficient was higher when multiple body measurements were included in the model. The study also revealed that when chest girth as a single body measurement was included in the model gave the highest correlation coefficient (R=0.92). For including multiple measurements, body length and chest girth are the best external body measures which exposed same correlation coefficient (R2=0.92) when included more than these two body measures in the model. The differences between actual body weight and body weight predicted from regression equation for different ages were less than 1% (p>0.05) and correlation coefficient between weights was 0.92 (p<0.01). Conclusion: There are strong correlations among morphometric body measurements. Thus, body weight can be estimated from a single or multiple body measurements by regression equation. Chest girth is the best single predictor for estimating live body weight with high accuracy.

Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors Affecting Post-Weaning Growth and Morphometric Traits in Assam Hill Goat

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Sarma ◽  
N Nahardeka ◽  
A. Aziz ◽  
N Nahardeka ◽  
R. N. Goswami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Body Weights

The present work was conducted to evaluate the performance in respect of post-weaning growth and morphometric traits of Assam Hill goat. Data on 960 animals belonging to 3 populations of Assam Hill goat maintained at three field units viz., Batabari, Nahira and Tetelia under All India Coordinated Research Project on Goat Improvement were utilized. The least-squares means for body weight, height at withers, heart girth and body length were 7.557 ± 0.049 kg, 41.231 ± 0.121 cm, 44.621 ± 0.115 cm and 50.778 ± 0.172 cm at 6 months; 9.934 ± 0.044 kg, 43.902 ± 0.120 cm, 48.890 ± 0.099 cm and 55.552 ± 0.170 cm at 9 months and 12.549 ± 0.046 kg, 46.791 ± 0.112 cm, 52.765 ± 0.090 cm and 58.392 ± 0.207 cm at 12 months of age, respectively. Location had significant effect on body weight and height at withers at all age groups; on heart girth at 6, 9 and 12 months and on body length at 6 and 12 months of age. Season of birth exerted significant effect on body weight at 9 and 12 months; on height at withers at 12 months and on body length at 6, 9 and 12 months of age. Significant effect of sex was observed on body weight at 9 and 12 months, on height at withers at 6, 9 and 12 months and on heart girth and body length at 9 and 12 months of age. The heritability estimates for body weight and body measurements were moderate indicating scope of selection. The phenotypic and genetic correlation among body weights and body measurements at 6, 9 and 12 months of age were positive in direction and high in magnitude.

Growth and litter traits in crossbred pigs across the non-genetic factors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Naha ◽  
G. Gaur ◽  
B. H. Patel ◽  
N. Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Period Effect ◽  
Indian Veterinary Research Institute ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Litter Traits ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

Records of 195 crossbred pigs (75 % Landrace + 25% Desi ), raised over a period of 2 years from 2014 to 2015, maintained at the Livestock Production Research (Pigs), Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh were used in this study to determine the effect of various environmental factors on growth and litter traits. Growth was recorded in terms of body weight at birth and thereafter at weekly interval up to 8 wks and then at 12, 16, 20 and 24 weeks of age. Generation interval had a significant effect on body weights at all ages. Piglets born in first generation had higher growth at most of the study period. Effect of sex was significant on body weight at most of the ages, except at 7, 8, 16 and 24 week. Male piglets had a higher growth at most of the weeks except at birth, 8 and 16 weeks. Piglets born in season II (March, April, May and June) had higher growth at most of the weeks, except at 4 and 5 weeks. Season of birth had a significant effect on body weight at birth, 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks of age. Effect of year of birth was significant on body weight at birth, 1, 2, 6, 16 and 20 weeks of age only. Piglets born in 2014 had higher growth at most of the weeks, except at 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 weeks of age. Generation I and II had a significant effect on litter traits, except average weight at birth. Piglets born in second generation had higher litter traits compared to the first generation. Effect of parity of dam was also significant on all litter traits.

Characteristics of Munjal sheep

1999 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
B.P. Kushwaha ◽  
Riyazuddin ◽  
R.N. Singh ◽  
S. Parthasarathy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Adult Body

SummaryMunjal is a mutton-type sheep found in some districts of the Haryana, Punjab and Rajasthan states. A sample survey was conducted in two districts of Rajasthan and one district of Punjab to record characteristics of Munjal sheep. Information was recorded on morphological characteristics, body measurements and body weight. Munjal sheep are quite big in size, tall, rectangular and massive with a dark brown face. Measurements were recorded of body length, height, heart girth, paunch girth, ear length and tail length. Adult body weights were also recorded. Wool samples were collected and analysed for their quality attributes. Wool from this breed is very coarse and hairy.

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