Effects of seed covering treatments on the emergence and seedling growth of crisp lettuce drilled with an experimental dibber drill

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. E. Wurr ◽  
Jane R. Fellows ◽  
L. P. Bufton
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Percentage Time ◽  
Moisture Regimes ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Emergence Percentage

SUMMARYPelleted seed of the crisp lettuce variety Pennlake was sown on five occasions with units from either the experimental dibber drill designed by the National Institute of Agricultural Engineering or a Stanhay S870 drill. There were three dibber-drill treatments: seeds left in open holes or covered with peat–vermiculite or perlite. Seedling emergence and growth from each sowing of the four drill treatments were compared under different moisture regimes.There were large differences between drill treatments in emergence percentage, time to emergence of 50% of the seedlings which emerged (t50) and seedling weight at all sowings but there was a significant effect of drill treatment on the standard deviation of seedling emergence times at only one sowing. Of the dibber-drill treatments, only very occasionally did open holes or perlite cover give significantly better emergence than peat-vermiculite cover, which gave the most consistent results. In general, the dibber drill with peat-vermiculite cover gave significantly faster and higher emergence and heavier seedlings than the Stanhay drill. Differences in percentage seedling emergence tended to be greater under dry conditions.

EMERGENCE AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF INBRED LINES OF CORN AT SUBOPTIMAL ROOT-ZONE TEMPERATURES

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. MENKIR ◽  
E. N. LARTER
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Root Zone Temperature ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Zone Temperature

Based on the results of an earlier paper, 12 inbred lines of corn (Zea mays L.) were evaluated for emergence and seedling growth at three controlled root-zone temperatures (10, 14, and 18 °C). Low root-zone temperatures, 10 and 14 °C, were detrimental to emergence, seedling growth, and root growth of all inbred lines. Differential responses of inbred lines were observed within each temperature regime. The differences in seedling emergence among lines became smaller with increasing root-zone temperature, while the reverse was true for seedling dry weight. Simple correlation coefficients showed a significantly (P = 0.05) negative association between emergence percentage and emergence index (rate). Neither of these two emergence traits was significantly correlated with seedling dry weights. Seedling dry weights were significantly (P = 0.01) and positively associated with root dry weights. Two inbred lines exhibited good tolerance to low root-zone temperatures, viz. CO255 and RB214. A significant and positive correlation existed between emergence percentage at a root-zone temperature of 10 °C and field emergence in test with the same genotypes reported earlier. Selection at a root-zone temperature of 10 °C for a high percentage of seedling emergence, therefore, could be effective in identifying genotypes capable of germinating in cool soils. Furthermore, the significantly (P = 0.01) positive relationship between seedling dry weights at all root-zone temperatures and those from the field test suggest that strains with vigorous seedling growth in the field could be identified using low root-zone temperature regimes.Key words: Zea mays, root-zone temperature, cold tolerance

scholarly journals Emergence rate of seedlings from hard okra seed coats and seedling growth of some genotypes of West African okra (Abelmoschus caillei)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
P.M. Jonah ◽  
G. K. Farauta ◽  
Y. M. Kwaga ◽  
H. E. Shehu ◽  
N. M. Fakuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
West African ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
State University ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Seed Coats

Abstract. In 2017 and 2018 cropping season, field experiment was conducted at the Food and Agricultural Organization and Tree Crop Plantation, Department of Crop Science, Adamawa State University, Mubi using fifteen genotypes of West African okra. The study was undertaken to study the emergence rate of seedlings from hard okra seed coats, seedling growth and their development. The seeds of the genotypes were soaked in NaCl solution for 24 hours to accelerate the breaking of seed dormancy and to ease seed germination. Tough seed coat usually impairs seed germination by establishing a permeability barrier which can interrupt water uptake required for imbibition, radicle and seedling emergence. The combined analysis results revealed a highly significant (P≤0.01) difference among these genotypes with respect to days to first and 50% flowering including days to first harvest. Furthermore, accession 3 (NG/SA/DEC/07/0448) and accession 11 (Yar kwadon) flowered earlier, had shortest days to first harvest, recorded the highest number of seedlings and emergence percentage than the other genotypes studied.

scholarly journals Production of desert rose seedlings in different potting media

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronan Carlos Colombo ◽  
Vanessa Favetta ◽  
Deived Uilian de Carvalho ◽  
Maria Aparecida da Cruz ◽  
Sergio Ruffo Roberto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Emergence Percentage

Over the past decade the desert rose received fame in the flower market due to its striking and sculptural forms; however, the commercial production of these species is quite recent and little is known about its crop management, including substrates recommendation. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of different substrates on desert rose seed germination and production of its seedlings. Experiment I: freshly harvested seeds of desert rose were sown in different substrates e.g. sand, coconut fiber, semi-composted pine bark, sand + coconut fiber, semi-composted pine bark + sand and coconut fiber + semicomposted pine bark. These substrates were evaluated to study the emergence percentage of seeds, initial growth of seedlings and seedling emergence speed index (ESI). Experiment II: desert rose from the experiment I were transferred to plastic pots filled with the same substrates as in experiment I. The pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of the substrates were noted every 30 days while the growth parameters of seedlings were recorded after 240 days. Results from experiment I showed higher germination rate and seedling growth in substrates containing semi-composted pine bark. Similarly, in experiment II, better quality seedlings were observed in substrates containing semi-composted pine bark. Thus, for desert rose seed germination and seedling growth, it is recommended to use substrates containing semi-composted pine bark.

No-till crop establishment on red earth soils at Katherine, Northern Territory: effect of sowing depth and firming wheel pressure on the establishment of cowpea, mung bean, soybean and maize

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
DG Abrecht
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
No Till ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Red Earth

The effect of sowing depth and firming wheel pressure of a no-till planter on the emergence and seedling growth of soybean, cowpea, mung bean and maize was examined in a red earth soil at Katherine, Australia. Each species was planted in a factorial combination of 3 sowing depths (60, 80, 100 mm) and 3 seed firming wheel pressures (1, 6, 11 kg/cm tyre width). Hot, dry conditions for 14 days after sowing resulted in rapid drying of the soil and high soil temperature. Most seed germinated but there was considerable variation in seedling emergence. Good seedling emergence of mung bean (96%) and cowpea (95%) contrasted with poorer emergence of soybean (57%) and maize (50%). Maize germinated more slowly than the grain legumes and unemerged seedlings had ceased growing when the coleoptiles were < 10 mm long. Soybean germinated rapidly and hypocotyls of the unemerged seedlings had stopped growing within 20 mm of the soil surface. The development of maize and soybean seedlings may have been retarded by high temperatures and severe soil water deficits. Deep planting slowed emergence but increased seedling growth in maize and soybean. The effect was most evident in soybean. Firming wheel pressure did not influence the soil strength below the planted seed and did not significantly affect seed germination, seedling emergence or seedling growth.

No-tillage planters for heavy-textured Alfisols in the semi-arid tropics of Australia

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 957
Author(s):  
NS Gould ◽  
DCI Peake ◽  
NP Dalgliesh
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Research Station ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Moisture Regimes ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Effective Depth

This paper provides key information on 4 no-tillage planters to facilitate adoption by fanners in northern Australia. Four commercial planters (Buffalo All-Flex Convertible slot planter, Buffalo All-Flex Compact slot planter, John Deere Max-Emerge planter and Mason Spring Release (SR) Integral planter) of contrasting design were tested in various configurations under 5 different moisture regimes during drying of a heavy-textured Alfisol at Katherine Research Station, Northern Territory, Australia (14�20'S, 132�20�E, 108 m altitude) at the end of the 1982-83 wet season. Significant differences in emergence were measured between planters and between configurations under most moisture regimes. Seedling emergence was greatest in Buffalo-Compact planter treatments, less for Buffalo-Convertible and Mason SR Integral treatments and lowest for John Deere Max-Emerge treatments. The Buffalo planters, each with an effective trash cutting coulter and narrow tine slot opener, produced consistently better results under all moisture regimes than the other 2 planters. The Mason SR Integral, with its wide tine opener, created a high incidence of clods which restricted emergence and led to increased occurrence of unimbibed seeds. Generally, for the 3 tine opener planters, the looser the soil in the furrow, the poorer the emergence. The John Deere Max-Emerge double-disc opener, whilst performing well under moist conditions, generally performed poorly when soil conditions were dry. This planter was on most occasions unable to maintain effective depth control under excessively wet or dry conditions, resulting in lower in-furrow soil moisture and significantly poorer and slower emergence than occurred with the other planters. In-furrow seed-firming presswheels, applying a contact pressure of approximately 4-5 kg/cm of presswheel tyre width, ensured better seed-soil contact and higher emergence levels than twin-inclined overfurrow presswheels. The over-furrow presswheels fitted to the John Deere Max-Emerge planter were often unable to close the slot effectively, resulting in the creation of voids and caps with resultant high seedling mortality.

scholarly journals Suitability of Whole Pine Tree Substrates for Seed Propagation

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Anthony L. Witcher ◽  
Eugene K. Blythe ◽  
Glenn B. Fain ◽  
Kenneth J. Curry
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Total Root Length ◽  
Garden Cress ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Seed Propagation

Wood-based substrates are a viable option for producing crops in containers, but seed propagation in such substrates has not been sufficiently examined. Seed germination and seedling development in processed whole pine tree (Pinus taeda L.) substrates were evaluated using the Phytotoxkit and seedling growth tests. Substrates compared using the Phytotoxkit included a reference soil, aged (WPTA) and fresh (WPTF) whole pine tree, aged (PNA) and fresh (PNF) pine needles, pine bark (PB), peat moss (PM), and saline pine bark (SPB). Substrates evaluated using the seedling growth test included WPTA, WPTF, PB, and a peat-lite (PL) substrate. Seed germination percentage and total root length were evaluated for garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.), white mustard (Sinapis alba L.), and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] in repeated Phytotoxkit experiments (2010 and 2011). Seed germination percentage was lowest for garden cress in PNF, but similar among all substrates for white mustard and sorghum. Total root length was similar or greater in WPTA compared with PM for all species. Seedling emergence percentage and total root length were evaluated for lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), and oat (Avena sativa L.) in repeated seedling growth experiments (2010 and 2011). Seedling emergence percentage varied among substrates and was substantially greater in PL and WPTA compared with PB and WPTF in 2010. Total root length was greatest in PL compared to the other substrates for all species in both years. In addition, PL had significantly lower air space and greater container capacity compared with the other substrates.

scholarly journals Response of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) growth to salt and drought stresses

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 54-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sayar ◽  
H. Bchini ◽  
M. Mosbahi ◽  
H. Khemira
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf ◽  
Peg 8000

Two durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) cultivars were tested for salt and drought tolerance at germination, seedling emergence and early seedling growth in NaCl and PEG-8000 solutions of different osmotic potentials (&ndash;0.2, &ndash;0.4, &ndash;0.6 and &ndash;0.8 MPa). Daily and final germination and emergence percentage, as well as germination and seedling emergence rate, seedling growth, fresh and dry weight were recorded under controlled conditions. Results showed that germination and emergence rates were delayed by both solutions in both cultivars, but Omrabia showed higher germination and emergence rates than BD290273 in NaCl while BD290273 was less affected by NaCl and PEG solutions at the emergence stage. Sodium chloride had a lesser effect on both cultivars in terms of germination rate, emergence rate, final germination and emergence percentage than did PEG-8000. This conclusively proves that the adverse effect of PEG-8000 on germination, emergence and early seedling growth was due to the osmotic effect rather than to the specific ion. Seedling growth was reduced by both stresses. However, NaCl usually caused less damage than PEG to durum wheat seedlings, suggesting that NaCl and PEG acted through different mechanisms.

Genetic variation for rate of establishment in caucasian clover

1998 ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
K.H. Widdup ◽  
T.L. Knight ◽  
C.J. Waters
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Trifolium Ambiguum ◽  
Root Dry Weight

Slow establishment of caucasian clover (Trifolium ambiguum L.) is hindering the use of this legume in pasture mixtures. Improved genetic material is one strategy of correcting the problem. Newly harvested seed of hexaploid caucasian clover germplasm covering a range of origins, together with white and red clover and lucerne, were sown in 1 m rows in a Wakanui soil at Lincoln in November 1995. After 21 days, the caucasian clover material as a group had similar numbers of emerged seedlings as white clover and lucerne, but was inferior to red clover. There was wide variation among caucasian clover lines (48-70% seedling emergence), with the cool-season selection from cv. Monaro ranked the highest. Recurrent selection at low temperatures could be used to select material with improved rates of seedling emergence. Red clover and lucerne seedlings produced significantly greater shoot and root dry weight than caucasian and white clover seedlings. Initially, caucasian clover seedlings partitioned 1:1 shoot to root dry weight compared with 3:1 for white clover. After 2 months, caucasian clover seedlings had similar shoot growth but 3 times the root growth of white clover. Between 2 and 5 months, caucasian clover partitioned more to root and rhizome growth, resulting in a 0.3:1 shoot:root ratio compared with 2:1 for white clover. Both clover species had similar total dry weight after 5 months. Unhindered root/ rhizome devel-opment is very important to hasten the establishment phase of caucasian clover. The caucasian clover lines KZ3 and cool-season, both selections from Monaro, developed seedlings with greater shoot and root growth than cv. Monaro. KZ3 continued to produce greater root growth after 5 months, indicating the genetic potential for improvement in seedling growth rate. Different pasture estab-lishment techniques are proposed that take account of the seedling growth characteristics of caucasian clover. Keywords: establishment, genetic variation, growth, seedling emergence, Trifolium ambiguum

Effects of salinity on seedling emergence and early seedling growth of Irvingia gabonensis (Irvingiaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-295
Author(s):  
R. Vihotogbé ◽  
C. Watson ◽  
R. Glèlè Kakaï ◽  
F. Wichern ◽  
B. Sinsin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis

scholarly journals Gibberellic acid and nitrogen efficiently protect early seedlings growth stage from salt stress damage in Sorghum

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Yousif Adam Ali ◽  
Muhi Eldeen Hussien Ibrahim ◽  
Guisheng Zhou ◽  
Nimir Eltyb Ahmed Nimir ◽  
Aboagla Mohammed Ibrahim Elsiddig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Stress Damage

AbstractSalinity one of environmental factor that limits the growth and productivity of crops. This research was done to investigate whether GA3 (0, 144.3, 288.7 and 577.5 μM) and nitrogen fertilizer (0, 90 and 135 kg N ha−1) could mitigate the negative impacts of NaCl (0, 100, and 200 mM NaCl) on emergence percentage, seedling growth and some biochemical parameters. The results showed that high salinity level decreased emergence percentage, seedling growth, relative water content, chlorophyll content (SPAD reading), catalase (CAT) and peroxide (POD), but increased soluble protein content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The SOD activity was decreased by nitrogen. However, the other measurements were increased by nitrogen. The interactive impact between nitrogen and salinity was significant in most parameters except EP, CAT and POD. The seedling length, dry weight, fresh weight, emergence percentage, POD, soluble protein and chlorophyll content were significantly affected by the interaction between GA3 and salinity. The GA3 and nitrogen application was successful mitigating the adverse effects of salinity. The level of 144.3 and 288.7 μm GA3 and the rate of 90 and 135 kg N ha−1 were most effective on many of the attributes studied. Our study suggested that GA3 and nitrogen could efficiently protect early seedlings growth from salinity damage.

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