RISK FACTORS DIFFER ACCORDING TO SAME-SEX AND OPPOSITE-SEX INTEREST

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. RICHARD UDRY ◽  
KIM CHANTALA
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Add Health ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Emotional Strain

Are risk behaviours in adolescence differentiated according to same-sex vs opposite-sex interest? For all respondents a five-point scale of interest in each sex used information from both of the first two in-home waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). Logistic regression predicted the probability of experiencing each risk behaviour from the same-sex and opposite-sex interest scores. Same-sex interests have more effect on emotional risk, and opposite-sex interests have more effect on substance use. Nevertheless, all risk variables except boys’ depression are responsive to both same-sex and opposite-sex interest. The same-sex interest component of risk is attributed to the emotional strain of living with an anomalous sex interest in a heterosexual society.

Feeling Not Wanted/Loved and Depression: Does Gender Matter?

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412110628
Author(s):  
Manik Ahuja ◽  
Joy Okoro ◽  
Esther Frimpong ◽  
Riddhi P. Doshi ◽  
Rajvi J. Wani
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Parental Attachment ◽  
Add Health ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Family Based Interventions

Depression affects over 17 million American adults yearly and has been identified as the leading cause of disability in people between the ages of 15 and 44 years. There is evidence that feeling neglect or a lack of parental attachment during childhood is associated with depression. One construct that has been overlooked is love from a parent. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between individuals who felt not wanted/loved during adolescence and lifetime depression and to examine this association by gender. We examined 5114 participants aged 24–32 years at Wave IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) public use dataset. We used logistic regression analysis to determine the association between an individual feeling not wanted/loved by their parent/caregiver prior to age 18, covariates, and lifetime depression. We then stratified by gender and ran logistic models for both men and women separately. Overall, 16.2% ( n = 827) reported lifetime depression diagnosis, while 16.5% of the participants reported feeling not wanted/loved “often,” while 29.8% reported it as “sometimes.” Feeling not wanted/loved “often” was associated with higher odds of depression (AOR = 3.00; 95% CI, 2.45–3.66; p < .001) versus “sometimes” (AOR = 1.59; 95% CI, 1.31–1.90; p < .001). When stratified by gender, feeling not loved/wanted was associated with depression among both men (AOR = 3.70; 95% CI, 2.60–5.25; p < .001) and women (AOR = 2.73; 95% CI, 2.13–3.48; p < .001). Feeling not loved or wanted by a parent/caregiver during adolescence has serious implications, for both men and women. Future studies should further examine this construct and identify family-based interventions that focus on parent/caregiver and child relationships.

The treated incidence of psychotic and affective illness in twins compared with population expectation: a study in the Swedish Twin and Psychiatric Registries

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1135-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Kendler ◽  
N. L. Pedersen ◽  
B. Y. Farahmand ◽  
P-G. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Affective Illness ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Twin Method ◽  
Opposite Sex

SynopsisTwin studies of psychiatric illness assume that the genetic and environmental risk factors for psychiatric illness are similar in twins and non-twins and in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins. To test this assumption, we examine whether the treated incidence of psychiatric illness in twins deviates from population expectations or differs between MZ and DZ twins. Using first admissions to the Swedish Psychiatric Registry for the years 1979–83 for all twins born 1886–1958 from the Swedish Twin Registries, we calculated Standardized Morbidity Ratios (SMRs) using national incidence rates together with individually computed person-years at risk in the twin cohort. The diagnoses examined, for which there was more than 393000 person-years of risk, were schizophrenia, other non-affective psychoses (ONAP), bipolar affective illness (BPAI), unipolar affective illness (UPAI) and neurotic depression (ND). The SMRs (and 95% CIs) for all twins were: schizophrenia 0·86 (0·69–1·06), ONAP 1·05 (0·88–1·24), BPAI 1·09 (0·90–1·32), UPAI 1·05 (0·85–1·29) and ND 0·99 (0·88–1·10). This pattern of results did not differ substantially when examined separately by gender or birth cohort. Relative risks for first admissions for MZ v. same-sex DZ twins or same v. opposite-sex DZ twins did not differ significantly from unity for any of the disorders examined. In Sweden, the treated incidence of psychotic and affective disorders in twins does not differ from that found in the general population and does not differ across zygosity groups. These results support the validity of the twin method for the study of psychotic and affective disorders.

Reoperation for device infection and erosion following deep brain stimulation implantable pulse generator placement

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis J. Atchley ◽  
Nicholas M. B. Laskay ◽  
Brandon A. Sherrod ◽  
A. K. M. Fazlur Rahman ◽  
Harrison C. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Pulse Generator ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Implantable Pulse Generator ◽  
Device Infection ◽  
Deep Brain

OBJECTIVEInfection and erosion following implantable pulse generator (IPG) placement are associated with morbidity and cost for patients with deep brain stimulation (DBS) systems. Here, the authors provide a detailed characterization of infection and erosion events in a large cohort that underwent DBS surgery for movement disorders.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed consecutive IPG placements and replacements in patients who had undergone DBS surgery for movement disorders at the University of Alabama at Birmingham between 2013 and 2016. IPG procedures occurring before 2013 in these patients were also captured. Descriptive statistics, survival analyses, and logistic regression were performed using generalized linear mixed effects models to examine risk factors for the primary outcomes of interest: infection within 1 year or erosion within 2 years of IPG placement.RESULTSIn the study period, 384 patients underwent a total of 995 IPG procedures (46.4% were initial placements) and had a median follow-up of 2.9 years. Reoperation for infection occurred after 27 procedures (2.7%) in 21 patients (5.5%). No difference in the infection rate was observed for initial placement versus replacement (p = 0.838). Reoperation for erosion occurred after 16 procedures (1.6%) in 15 patients (3.9%). Median time to reoperation for infection and erosion was 51 days (IQR 24–129 days) and 149 days (IQR 112–285 days), respectively. Four patients with infection (19.0%) developed a second infection requiring a same-side reoperation, two of whom developed a third infection. Intraoperative vancomycin powder was used in 158 cases (15.9%) and did not decrease the infection risk (infected: 3.2% with vancomycin vs 2.6% without, p = 0.922, log-rank test). On logistic regression, a previous infection increased the risk for infection (OR 35.0, 95% CI 7.9–156.2, p < 0.0001) and a lower patient BMI was a risk factor for erosion (BMI ≤ 24 kg/m2: OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.1–8.6, p = 0.03).CONCLUSIONSIPG-related infection and erosion following DBS surgery are uncommon but clinically significant events. Their respective timelines and risk factors suggest different etiologies and thus different potential corrective procedures.

Risk Factors of Recurrent Ischemic Events after Acute Noncardiogenic Ischemic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (45) ◽  
pp. 4827-4834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limin Zhang ◽  
Xingang Li ◽  
Dongzhi Wang ◽  
Hong Lv ◽  
Xuezhong Si ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Clopidogrel Therapy ◽  
Ischemic Events

Background: A considerable proportion of acute noncardiogenic ischemic stroke patients continue to experience recurrent ischemic events after standard therapy. Aim: We aimed to identify risk factors for recurrent ischemic event prediction at an early stage. Methods : 286 non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke patients with the onset of symptoms within 24 hours were enrolled. Vascular risk factors, routine laboratory data on admission, thromboelastography test seven days after clopidogrel therapy and any recurrent events within one year were assessed. Patients were divided into case group (patients with clinical adverse events, including ischemic stokes, transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction and vascular related mortality) and control group (events-free patients). The risk of the recurrent ischemic events was determined by the receiver operating characteristic curve and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: Clinical adverse events were observed in 43 patients (case group). The mean levels of Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), Lymphocyte Count (LY) and Fibrinogen (Fib) on admission were significantly higher in the case group as compared to the control group (P<0.001). Seven days after clopidogrel therapy, the ADP-induced platelet inhibition rate (ADP%) level was lower in the case group, while the Maximum Amplitude (MA) level was higher in the case group as compared to the control group (P<0.01). The Area Under the Curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve of LY, PLR, , Fib, MA, ADP% and MPV were 0.602, 0.614, 0.629, 0.770, 0.800 and 0.808, respectively. The logistic regression analysis showed that MPV, ADP% and MA were indeed predictive factors. Conclusion: MPV, ADP% and MA were risk factors of recurrent ischemic events after acute noncardiogenic ischemic stroke. Urgent assessment and individual drug therapy should be offered to these patients as soon as possible.

Risk factors of coronary microvascular obstruction (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Li ◽  
Shuzheng Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Microvascular Obstruction ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
St Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Neutrophil Percentage ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
St Elevation

BACKGROUND Coronary microvascular obstruction /no-reflow(CMVO/NR) is a predictor of long-term mortality in survivors of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors of CMVO/NR. METHODS Totally 2384 STEMI patients treated with PPCI were divided into two groups according to thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI) flow grade:CMVO/NR group(246cases,TIMI 0-2 grade) and control group(2138 cases,TIMI 3 grade). We used univariable and multivariable logistic regression to identify risk factors of CMVO/NR. RESULTS A frequency of CMVO/NR was 10.3%(246/2384). Logistic regression analysis showed that the differences between the two groups in age(unadjusted odds ratios [OR] 1.032; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.045; adjusted OR 1.032; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.046 ; P <0.001), periprocedural bradycardia (unadjusted OR 2.357 ; 95% CI, 1.752 to 3.171; adjusted OR1.818; 95% CI, 1.338 to 2.471 ; P <0.001),using thrombus aspirationdevices during operation (unadjusted OR 2.489 ; 95% CI, 1.815 to 3.414; adjusted OR1.835; 95% CI, 1.291 to 2.606 ; P =0.001),neutrophil percentage (unadjusted OR 1.028 ; 95% CI, 1.014 to 1.042; adjusted OR1.022; 95% CI, 1.008 to 1.036 ; P =0.002) , and completely block of culprit vessel (unadjusted OR 2.626; 95% CI, 1.85 to 3.728; adjusted-OR 1.656;95% CI, 1.119 to 2.45; P =0.012) were statistically significant ( P <0. 05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.6896 . CONCLUSIONS Age , periprocedural bradycardia, using thrombus aspirationdevices during operation, neutrophil percentage ,and completely block of culprit vessel may be independent risk factors for predicting CMVO/NR. We registered this study with WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (registration number: ChiCTR1900023213; registered date: 16 May 2019).http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=39057&htm=4. Key Words: Coronary disease ST elevation myocardial infarction No-reflow phenomenon Percutaneous coronary intervention

scholarly journals Prediction of Endometrial Hyperplasia and Cancer among Premenopausal Women with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Giannella ◽  
Lillo Bruno Cerami ◽  
Tiziano Setti ◽  
Ezio Bergamini ◽  
Fausto Boselli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Simultaneous Presence ◽  
Endometrial Pathology

Objective. To create a prediction model including clinical variables for the prediction of premalignant/malignant endometrial pathology in premenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Methods. This is an observational retrospective study including 240 premenopausal women with AUB referred to diagnostic hysteroscopy. Based on the presence of endometrial hyperplasia (EH) or cancer (EC), the women were divided into cases (EH/EC) and controls (no EH/EC). Univariate, stepwise logistic regression and ROC curve analysis were performed. Results. 12 women had EH/EC (5%). Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that EH/EC associated significantly with BMI ≥ 30 (OR=7.70, 95% CI 1.90 to 31.17), diabetes (OR=9.71, 95% CI 1.63 to 57.81), and a thickened endometrium (OR=1.20, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.34, criterion > 11 mm). The AUC was 0.854 (95% confidence intervals 0.803 to 0.896, p<0.0001). Considering the pretest probability for EH/EC of 5%, the prediction model with a positive likelihood ratio of 8.14 showed a posttest probability of 30%. The simultaneous presence of two or three risk factors was significantly more common in women with EH/EC than controls (50% vs. 6.6 and 25% vs. 0%, respectively, p<0.0001). Conclusion. When premenopausal vaginal bleeding occurs in diabetic obese women with ET > 11 mm, the percentage of premalignant/malignant endometrial pathology increases by 25%. It is likely that the simultaneous presence of several risk factors is necessary to significantly increase the probability of endometrial pathology.

Short-Term Outcomes Following Removal of Infected Hernia Mesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482110241
Author(s):  
Christine Tung ◽  
Junko Ozao-Choy ◽  
Dennis Y. Kim ◽  
Christian de Virgilio ◽  
Ashkan Moazzez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mesh Removal ◽  
Mesh Placement ◽  
Infected Mesh

There are limited studies regarding outcomes of replacing an infected mesh with another mesh. We reviewed short-term outcomes following infected mesh removal and whether placement of new mesh is associated with worse outcomes. Patients who underwent hernia repair with infected mesh removal were identified from 2005 to 2018 American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. They were divided into new mesh (Mesh+) or no mesh (Mesh-) groups. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to compare morbidity between the two groups and to identify associated risk factors. Of 1660 patients, 49.3% received new mesh, with higher morbidity in the Mesh+ (35.9% vs. 30.3%; P = .016), but without higher rates of surgical site infection (SSI) (21.3% vs. 19.7%; P = .465). Mesh+ had higher rates of acute kidney injury (1.3% vs. .4%; P = .028), UTI (3.1% vs. 1.3%, P = .014), ventilator dependence (4.9% vs. 2.4%; P = .006), and longer LOS (8.6 vs. 7 days, P < .001). Multivariate logistic regression showed new mesh placement (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.07-1.85; P = .014), body mass index (OR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00-1.03; P = .022), and smoking (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.05-1.95; P = .025) as risk factors independently associated with increased morbidity. New mesh placement at time of infected mesh removal is associated with increased morbidity but not with SSI. Body mass index and smoking history continue to contribute to postoperative morbidity during subsequent operations for complications.

scholarly journals POS1002 BASELINE CALPROTECTIN AND VISFATIN LEVELS PREDICT RADIOGRAPHIC SPINAL PROGRESSION AFTER 2 YEARS IN ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS PATIENTS ON TNF INHIBITOR THERAPY

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 769.2-770
Author(s):  
J. Rademacher ◽  
M. Siderius ◽  
L. Gellert ◽  
F. Wink ◽  
M. Verba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Radiographic Progression ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tnf Inhibitor ◽  
Research Support

Background:Radiographic spinal progression determinates functional status and mobility in ankylosing spondylitis (AS)1.Objectives:To analyse whether biomarker of inflammation, bone turnover and adipokines at baseline or their change after 3 months or 2 years can predict spinal radiographic progression after 2 years in AS patients treated with TNF-α inhibitors (TNFi).Methods:Consecutive AS patients from the Groningen Leeuwarden Axial Spondyloarthritis (GLAS) cohort2 starting TNFi between 2004 and 2012 were included. The following serum biomarkers were measured at baseline, 3 months and 2 years of follow-up with ELISA: - Markers of inflammation: calprotectin, matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) - Markers of bone turnover: bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), serum C-terminal telopeptide (sCTX), osteocalcin (OC), osteoprotegerin (OPG), procollagen typ I and II N-terminal propeptide (PINP; PIINP), sclerostin. - Adipokines: high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin, leptin, visfatinTwo independent readers assessed spinal radiographs at baseline and 2 years of follow-up according to the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (mSASSS). Radiographic spinal progression was defined as mSASSS change ≥2 units or the formation of ≥1 new syndesmophyte over 2 years. Logistic regression was performed to examine the association between biomarker values at baseline, their change after 3 months and 2 years and radiographic spinal progression. Multivariable models for each biomarker were adjusted for mSASSS or syndesmophytes at baseline, elevated CRP (≥5mg/l), smoking status, male gender, symptom duration, BMI, and baseline biomarker level (the latter only in models with biomarker change).Results:Of the 137 included AS patients, 72% were male, 79% HLAB27+; mean age at baseline was 42 years (SD 10.8), ASDAScrp 3.8 (0.8) and mSASSS 10.6 (16.1). After 2 years of follow-up, 33% showed mSASSS change ≥2 units and 24% had developed ≥1 new syndesmophyte. Serum levels of biomarkers of inflammation and bone formation showed significant changes under TNFi therapy, whereas adipokine levels were not altered from baseline (Figure 1).Univariable logistic regression revealed a significant association of baseline visfatin (odds ratio OR [95% confidence interval] 1.106 [1.007-1.215]) and sclerostin serum levels (OR 1.006 [1.001-1.011]) with mSASSS progression after 2 years. Baseline sclerostin levels were also associated with syndesmophyte progression (OR 1.007 [1.001-1.013]). In multivariable logistic analysis, only baseline visfatin level remained significantly associated (OR 1.465 [1.137-1.889]) with mSASSS progression. Furthermore, baseline calprotectin showed a positive association with both, mSASSS (OR 1.195 [1.055-1.355]) and syndesmophyte progression (OR 1.107 [1.001-1.225]) when adjusting for known risk factors for radiographic progression.Univariable logistic regression showed that change of sclerostin after 3 months was associated with syndesmophytes progression (OR 1.007 [1.000-1.015), change of PINP level after 2 years was associated with mSASSS progression (OR 1.027 [1.003-1.052]) and change of visfatin after 2 years was associated with both measures of radiographic progression – mSASSS (OR 1.108 [1.004-1.224]) and syndesmophyte formation (OR 1.115; [1.002-1.24]). However, those associations were lost in multivariable analysis.Conclusion:Independent of known risk factors, baseline calprotectin and visfatin levels were associated with radiographic spinal progression after 2 years of TNFi. Although biomarkers of inflammation and bone formation showed significant changes under TNFi therapy, these changes were not significantly related to radiographic spinal progression in our cohort of AS patients.References:[1]Poddubnyy et al 2018[2]Maas et al 2019Acknowledgements:Dr. Judith Rademacher is participant in the BIH-Charité Clinician Scientist Program funded by the Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Berlin Institute of Health.Disclosure of Interests:Judith Rademacher: None declared, Mark Siderius: None declared, Laura Gellert: None declared, Freke Wink Consultant of: AbbVie, Maryna Verba: None declared, Fiona Maas: None declared, Lorraine M Tietz: None declared, Denis Poddubnyy: None declared, Anneke Spoorenberg Consultant of: Abbvie, Pfizer, MSD, UCB, Lilly and Novartis, Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Pfizer, UCB, Novartis, Suzanne Arends Grant/research support from: Pfizer.

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