Effects of parental stature on child stunting in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Amrita Gupta ◽  
John Cleland ◽  
T. V. Sekher
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Maternal Height ◽  
Child Stunting ◽  
Parental Height ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Parental Schooling ◽  
Childhood Stunting

Abstract Adult heights in India are short. Child stunting remains high though the prevalence fell from 48% to 38% in the decade prior to 2016. This study assesses the links between parental height and child stunting using nationally representative data on 28,975 under-five-year-old children from the 2015–16 National Family Health Survey. Parental heights are represented as quintiles. Logistic regression was applied to estimate the effect of parental heights after adjustment for household wealth, parental schooling, place of residence and other covariates. The unadjusted estimates showed the effect on stunting to be similar for maternal height, wealth and education. In the multivariate analysis maternal height emerged as the strongest predictor of stunting, with adjusted odds of 2.85 for the shortest compared with the tallest quintile. The two other strong predictors of stunting were paternal height and wealth, with adjusted odds of close to 2.0 for the lowest quintile relative to the highest quintiles. In comparison, associations between stunting and other factors were minor, with the partial exception of mother’s education. The findings underscore the key role of intergenerational influences on stunting. Maternal height has a stronger association with childhood stunting than paternal height and socioeconomic influences such as education and household wealth. The influence of paternal height is also strong, equal in magnitude to household wealth. Health workers need to be alerted to the special needs of short women.

scholarly journals Empowerment of housewife in efforts of preventing covid 19 to children in Kelurahan Sunggal

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-301
Author(s):  
Cholina Trisa Siregar ◽  
Lutfhiani ◽  
Dudut Tanjung ◽  
Ikhsanuddin Ahmad ◽  
Reni Asmara Ariga
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Continuous Action ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Nursing Mothers ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
And Training

COVID-19 is a type of virus that attacks the respiratory system that can affect anyone from infants to children to adults, including pregnant women and nursing mothers. This disease can spread rapidly through droplets that come out when the patient sneezes or coughs. Symptoms of this disease are often considered normal by the community, so that it has a risk of transmission and can spread to other people, especially children. Limited knowledge and ability in prevention needs to be improved by providing counseling and training to housewives. Actions taken by implementing efforts to maintain family health through increasing knowledge and knowing prevention measures for transmission to children. Minimizing the spread of disease requires continuous action, this requires the role of housewives as executors of health care for family members. Increasing the knowledge and skills of housewives is needed to help people overcome their health problems. Health problems in the community often occur, among others, due to inadequate knowledge of disease prevention, crowded environment, inadequate socio-economic conditions. Implementing actions by increasing public knowledge and training on ways to minimize the spread of infection is the concern and assistance of health workers.

scholarly journals Public health interventions to improve maternal nutrition during pregnancy: a nationally representative study of iron and folic acid consumption and food supplements in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (15) ◽  
pp. 2671-2686
Author(s):  
Prashant Kumar Singh ◽  
Ritam Dubey ◽  
Lucky Singh ◽  
Chandan Kumar ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Rai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Married Women ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iron And Folic Acid ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Prenatal Visits

AbstractObjective:Despite a reduction in maternal mortality in recent years, a high rate of anaemia and other nutrient inadequacies during pregnancy pose a serious threat to mothers and their children in the Global South. Using the framework of the WHO–Commission on Social Determinants of Health, this study examines the socioeconomic, programmatic and contextual factors associated with the consumption of iron and folic acid (IFA) tablets/syrup for at least 100 d (IFA100) and receiving supplementary food (SF) by pregnant women in India.Design:We analysed a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of over 190 898 ever-married women aged 15–49 years who were interviewed as part of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) conducted during 2015–16, who had at least one live birth preceding 5 years of the survey.Setting:All twenty-nine states and seven union territories of India.Participants:Ever-married women aged 15–49 years.Results:Less than one-third of women were found to be consuming IFA100, and a little over half received SF during their last pregnancy. The consumption of IFA100 was likely to improve with women’s education, household wealth, early and more prenatal visits, and in a community with high pregnancy registration. Higher parity, early and more prenatal visits, contact with community health workers during pregnancy, belonging to a poor household and living in an aggregated poor community and rural area positively determine whether a woman might receive SF during pregnancy.Conclusions:Continuous monitoring and evaluation of provisioning IFA and SF in targeted groups and communities is a key to expanding the coverage and reducing the burden of undernutrition during pregnancy.

scholarly journals ATUAÇÃO DO AGENTE COMUNITÁRIO DE SAÚDE NA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA NA ZONA RURAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. eUJ3394
Author(s):  
Thiago Brito Steckelberg ◽  
◽  
Ana Lídia do Carmo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
Initial Care ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Health Strategy

The Community Health Workers (CHW) performs the initial care in households, in order to collect information and interact in a healthy way with the community. It is important to understand the role that these professionals perform in rural areas, as their duties are of fundamental importance within the Family Health Strategy (FHS). Given this, the present study seeks, through a narrative review, to find scientific evidence and information in the available literature regarding the difficulties and challenges of CHW's work in rural areas. After surveying and collecting the results, 15 articles were selected, which showed that the difficulties faced by the CHWs who work in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the rural area are mainly related to 1) difficulty of access to rural families, 2) overload of tasks inherent to other professionals of the ESF, 3) low qualification and 4) little recognition. Even with all these difficulties, it was proven that the role of this professional is of extreme significance in promoting health actions and improving the quality of life in the communities in which they act. This study concludes that these professionals have changed the reality of many communities; and that they can optimize their potential in promoting health in rural areas through public policies and initiatives that contribute to minimizing the difficulties related to their work standards.

Maternal Determinants of Childhood Stunting

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
Sarin Ishaque ◽  
Junaid Ul Mulk ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Ashfaq Ahmad Shah
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Child Stunting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Maternal Determinants ◽  
Childhood Stunting

The progress on reducing stunting is rather slow in Pakistan despite significant reductions in poverty which begs a question why Pakistan has been unable to make significant strides in improving nutrition indicators for children over the past few decades. Despite the recognized importance of the problem in national and international forums, research on determinants of child stunting in Pakistan is scarce, especially in the context of the role of mother's health, education, and empowerment in determining a child's nutrition status. Therefore, this chapter incorporates the mother's health, education, and empowerment-related factors in determining the factors that affect child stunting in Pakistan. Using simple OLS methodology on DHS (2012-13) dataset for Pakistan, the authors' results show that improvement in mother's health, women empowerment, and women's education are likely to reduce stunting. Moreover, better hygiene and better food intake also reduce stunting among children in Pakistan.

scholarly journals O PAPEL DA INTERPROFISSIONALIDADE NO CUIDADO DA PESSOA IDOSA: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Guilherme Parreira Vaz ◽  
Evandro Leite Bitencourt
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Family Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
De Medicina

RESUMO Qual o papel da interprofissionalidade no cuidado da pessoa idosa? Partindo desse questionamento, o objetivo deste artigo é descrever e discutir as funções desempenhadas pelo trabalho interprofissional em saúde para o cuidado do público idoso. Para tal, foram descritas e interpretadas experiências vivenciadas por um grupo de estudantes da disciplina de Saúde da Família I, do curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Câmpus Palmas-TO. Na metodologia foi utilizado um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência a partir das aulas práticas realizadas no Parque Municipal da Pessoa Idosa Francisco Xavier do município de Palmas. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de aprimoramento da interprofisionalidade nas equipes de saúde pelos seguintes motivos: a existência de especificidades para o cuidado do idoso dependentes da atuação interprofissional; a melhoria da humanização na saúde ser potencializada pelo trabalho integrado, assim como o papel formativo e socializador da interdisciplinaridade para se garantir a autonomia e qualidade de vida na terceira idade. O trabalho permitiu ainda a reflexão sobre a formação dos profissionais de saúde, sendo importante por ressaltar necessidade de capacitação dos servidores da saúde para a execução eficaz dos princípios defendidos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Palavras- Chave: Interprofissionalidade.  Saúde.  Idoso. ABSTRACT What is the role of interprofessionalism in the care of the elderly? Based on this questioning, the purpose of this article is to describe and discuss the functions performed by interprofessional work in health care for the elderly public. For that, experiences were experienced and interpreted by a group of students of the discipline of Family Health I, of the Medicine course of the Federal University of Tocantins, Palmas-TO campus. In the methodology was used a descriptive study of the type of experience report from the practical classes held in the Municipal Park of the Elderly Francisco Xavier of the municipality of Palmas. The results point to the need to improve interprofisionality in health teams for the following reasons: the existence of specifics for the care of the elderly dependent on interprofessional work; the improvement of humanization in health will be enhanced by integrated work, as well as the formative and socializing role of interdisciplinarity to guarantee autonomy and quality of life in the elderly. The work also allowed for reflection on the training of health professionals, and it is important to emphasize the need for training of health workers for the effective execution of the principles defended by the Unified Health System (SUS). Keywords: Interprofessionality. Health. Elderly.

Changing the Composition of Beginning Teachers: The Role of State Alternative Certification Policies

2021 ◽  
pp. 089590482110156
Author(s):  
Christopher Redding
Keyword(s):  
Beginning Teachers ◽  
Alternative Certification ◽  
New Teachers ◽  
State Level ◽  
Schools And Staffing Survey ◽  
Selective Colleges ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Alternate Routes ◽  
The Relationship

Drawing on nationally representative data from six cohorts of beginning teachers from the Schools and Staffing Survey and the National Teacher and Principal Survey, this study applies a difference-in-differences research design to examine the relationship between changes to state-level alternative certification policies and the characteristics of new teachers. The introduction of alternate routes into teaching is associated with an increase in the fraction of new teachers of color in a state and the new teachers who graduated from selective colleges. No evidence was found of a relationship with the relative share of male teachers or teachers of in-demand subjects.

Prevalence and risk factors of anaemia among men: A study based on Empowered Action Group states, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602098234
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Himani Sharma ◽  
Kamalesh Kumar Patel
Keyword(s):  
Family Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Action Group ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Government ◽  
Eag States

Background: Despite various programmes initiated by the Government of India, the nutritional indicators are not encouraging, as several problems like undernutrition, malnutrition and anaemia – still persist in the country, especially in the Empowered Action Group (EAG) states. Aim: Because of the dearth of studies regarding anaemia among men in India, the present study aimed to determine its prevalence in this population in the EAG states and to analyse its geographical and socio-demographic determinants. Methods: The study utilized nationally representative, cross-sectional survey data from round 4 of the National Family Health Survey conducted in 2015–16. Bivariate analysis along with binary logistic regression were performed to assess the predictors of anaemia among men in the EAG states. Results: Around a quarter of the men in the EAG states suffered from anaemia. A similar high-prevalence pattern was observed across the EAG states. Wherein, Bihar and Jharkhand had the highest prevalence of anaemia while Uttarakhand showed the lowest. Age, place of residence, marital status and caste were positively associated with the likelihood of anaemia among men in the EAG states. Conclusions: Focusing on the EAG states, this study considered the severity of anaemia as a public health problem among men. Strategies to reduce the burden of anaemia among this population are needed. The government should formulate programmes targeting anaemia specifically, and improving the nutritional status among men in general in the EAG states.

scholarly journals The role of partners in promoting self-care for misoprostol and subcutaneous DMPA in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qudsia Uzma ◽  
Nausheen Hamid ◽  
Rizwana Chaudhri ◽  
Nadeem Mehmood ◽  
Atiya Aabroo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Reproductive Health Services

Abstract Background Pakistan is among a number of countries facing protracted challenges in addressing maternal mortality with a concomitant weak healthcare system complexed with inequities. Sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) self-care interventions offer the best solution for improving access to quality healthcare services with efficiency and economy. This manuscript documents country experience in introducing and scaling up two selected SRHR self-care interventions. A prospective qualitative study design was used and a semi-structured questionnaire was shared with identified SRHR private sector partners selected through convenience and purposive sampling. The two interventions include the use of misoprostol for postpartum hemorrhage and the use of subcutaneous depomedroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) as injectable contraceptive method. Data collection was done through emails and telephone follow-up calls. Results Nine of the 13 partners consulted for the study responded. The two selected self-care interventions are mainly supported by private sector partners (national and international nongovernmental organizations) having national or subnational existence. Their mandates include all relevant areas, such as policy advocacy, field implementation, trainings, supervision and monitoring. A majority of partners reported experience related to the use of misoprostol; it was introduced more than a decade ago, is registered and is procured by both public and private sectors. Subcutaneous DMPA is a new intervention, having been introduced only recently, and commodity availability remains a challenge. It is being delivered through health workers/providers and is not promoted as a self-administered contraceptive. Community engagement and awareness raising is reported as an essential element of successful field implementation; however, no beneficiary data was collected for the study. Training approaches differ considerably, are standalone or integrated with SRHR topics and their duration varies between 1 and 5 days, covering a range of cadres. Conclusion Pubic sector ownership and patronage is essential for introducing and scaling up self-care interventions as a measure to support the healthcare system in delivering quality sexual and reproductive health services. Supervision, monitoring and reporting are areas requiring further support, as well as the leadership and governance role of the public sector. Standardization of trainings, community awareness, supervision, monitoring and reporting are required together with integration of self-care in routine capacity building activities (pre- and in-service) on sexual and reproductive health in the country.

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