AdultBrugia malayimitochondrial and nuclear fractions impart Th1-associated sizeable protection against infective larval challenges inMastomys coucha

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shakya ◽  
A.K. Srivastava ◽  
S. Misra-Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rodent Host ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Antibody Isotypes ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Mastomys Coucha

AbstractProtective immunity to the subperiodic human filariid,Brugia malayi, was explored in the rodent host,Mastomys couchaafter vaccination with subcellular fractions derived from the adult stage of the parasite. The highest level of protection was conferred in animals vaccinated with the ‘mitochondria rich’ (MT) fraction, in which microfilaraemia and worm burden were markedly reduced by 67.2 and 65.9%, respectively, followed by the ‘nucleus rich’ (NR) fraction, showing reductions of 62 and 52.3%, respectively, over the non-immunized control group. Mastomys vaccinated with MT and NR, displayed a significant increase in the level of antigen-specific serum immunoglobulin G (IgG). The levels of IgG2a, IgG2b and IgM antibody isotypes were remarkably elevated in both the MT and NR immunized groups, while IgG1 and IgG3 levels were low. Apart from antibodies, both these fractions also led to marked antigen-specific lymphoproliferationin vitro, along with enhanced release of nitric oxide by peritoneal macrophages. There was an increased population of CD4+ and CD8a+T-cells in MT immunized animals, as measured by flow cytometry, accompanied by elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines; interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in the culture supernatants of the activated splenocytes. The results suggest that both NR and MT contain proinflammatory molecules which evoke a protective Th1 type of immune response.

scholarly journals Induction of cystine transport activity in mouse peritoneal macrophages by bacterial lipopolysaccharide

1995 ◽  
Vol 310 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Sato ◽  
K Fujiwara ◽  
J Sagara ◽  
S Bannai
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Transport Activity ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages

The transport of cystine has been investigated in mouse peritoneal macrophages cultured in vitro. The transport activity for cystine was very low in freshly isolated macrophages but was potently induced during culture in the presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at concentrations as low as 0.1 ng/ml. The transport activity for cystine was enhanced when the cells were incubated with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), but not with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or interleukin-1. IFN-gamma was rather repressive in the induction of the activity by LPS or TNF-alpha. The transport activity for cystine induced by LPS has been characterized. Cystine was transported mainly by Na(+)-independent system and the uptake of cystine was inhibited by extracellular glutamate and homocysteate, but not by aspartate, indicating that the transport of cystine in macrophages treated with LPS is mediated by System xc-. Glutathione content of the macrophages increased when they were exposed to LPS, and this increase was, at least in part, attributable to the induced activity of the cystine transport.

scholarly journals Chemokine C10 Promotes Disease Resolution and Survival in an Experimental Model of Bacterial Sepsis

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 6108-6114 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Steinhauser ◽  
C. M. Hogaboam ◽  
A. Matsukawa ◽  
N. W. Lukacs ◽  
R. M. Strieter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Defense ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Septic Peritonitis

ABSTRACT Previous studies have suggested that the C-C chemokine C10 is involved in the chronic stages of host defense reactions. The present study addressed the role of C10 in a murine model of septic peritonitis, induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Unlike other C-C chemokines, C10 levels in the peritoneal wash were increased approximately 30-fold above baseline levels at 48 h after CLP surgery. Immunoneutralization of peritoneal C10 levels with polyclonal anti-C10 antiserum during CLP-induced peritonitis negatively impacted mouse survival over 4 days. In contrast, when 500 ng of recombinant murine C10 was administered immediately after CLP surgery, the 4-day survival rate increased from 20% to over 60%. The C10 therapy appeared to facilitate a rapid and significant enhancement of the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and a later increase in interleukin-13 (IL-13) levels in the peritoneal cavity. In vitro studies showed that the combination of IL-1β and C10 markedly augmented TNF-α synthesis by peritoneal macrophages and that C10 synthesis was induced in these cells following their exposure to IL-13. At 24 h after CLP surgery, only 25% of C10-treated mice were bacteremic versus 85% of the control group that exhibited dissemination of bacteria into the circulation. The lack of bacteremia in C10-treated mice appeared to be related, in part, to in vitro evidence that C10 significantly enhanced the bacterial phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages. In addition, in vivo evidence suggested that C10 therapy significantly reduced the amount of material that leaked from the damaged gut. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that the C10 chemokine rapidly promotes disease resolution in the CLP model through its direct effects on the cellular events critically involved in host defense during septic peritonitis.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF INSULIN ON LPS-INDUCED INFLAMMATORY MARKERS IN MOUSE COLON SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS IN VITRO

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al-dwairi ◽  
Othman Al-shboul ◽  
Mohammad Alqudah ◽  
Ayman G Mustafa ◽  
Mahmoud A Alfaqih
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Mouse Colon ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
20 Nm

 Objective: The aim of the research is to determine the effect of supraphysiological doses of insulin on mouse colon smooth muscle cells (CSMCs) expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1α) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in vitro.Methods: Freshly isolated CSMCs from BALBc mice were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium and treated with various doses of insulin (0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 nM) for 48 h, with/without lipopolysaccharides (LPS; 1 ug/mL) to induce inflammation. The levels of IL-1α and TNF-α in the cell homogenates and conditioned media were measured using ELISA.Results: Insulin alone (1, 5, 10, and 20 nM) did not elicit a significant change in the expression or secretion of IL-1α or TNF-α form CSMCs; however, insulin (10 and 20 nM) significantly (p<0.05) increased the expression and secretion (~1.3–1.6-fold) of both IL-1α and TNF-α from CSMCs in the presence of inflammatory stimulus LPS when compared to LPS alone.Conclusion: This study highlights the role of hyperinsulinemia on CSMC inflammation and its potential role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) during obesity. Measures that prevent obesity may protect against the development of IBD since the worldwide incidence of both obesity and IBD is increasing in a parallel fashion.

Effect of Resveratrol on NF-κB Activity in Rat Peritoneal Macrophages

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 623-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Hua Ma ◽  
Qing-Yong Ma ◽  
Lian-Cai Wang ◽  
Huan-Chen Sha ◽  
Sheng-Li Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was to investigate the inhibitive effect of resveratrol (RESV) on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) expression and activity induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rat peritoneal macrophages (PMA). Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 7 groups, including control group, LPS group and RESV I-V group. In the LPS group, PMA were incubated in DMEM containing LPS (10 μg/ml), whereas in control group, PMA were incubated in DMEM only. In the RESV I-V groups, PMA were incubated in DMEM containing LPS (10 μg/ml) and different concentrations of RESV. After 24 hours of incubation, NF-κB activity in PMA, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and nitric oxide (NO) in the culture medium were measured. In the concentrations of 1.25-5 μg/ml, RESV had a dose- dependent inhibitive effect on NF-κB activity in PMA as well as the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1 and NO in the culture medium contrasted with the LPS group. There was no significant difference in the levels of these pro-inflammatory factors between the groups of 5 μg/ml and 10 μg/ml RESV. In conclusion, RESV has the potential for the future application of preventing inflammatory diseases involving PMA.

Simulation stress model of the undersea environment activates the central nervous, neuroendocrine and immune systems and anxiety in rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 445-453
Author(s):  
Ying Tang ◽  
Ying-Xin Zou ◽  
Wei Fan ◽  
Shuang-Hong Chen ◽  
Yi-Qun Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The present study was designed to assess the stress responses to a simulation model of the undersea environment that is similar to some undersea working conditions such as submarine rescue, underwater salvage and underwater construction. Restraint, hyperbaric air and immersion were chosen to produce the simulation stress model in rats for four hours. Rats were randomized into five groups: control group, restraint (R) group, hyperbaric air (H) group, restraint plus hyperbaric air (RH) group, and restraint plus hyperbaric air plus immersion (RHI) group. The results showed that the responses to the simulation stress model of the undersea environment induced by R, H, RH and RHI involved the upregulated norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) of the central nervous system (CNS), upregulated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), corticosterone (CORT) and blood glucose of the neuroendocrine system, upregulated interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) of the immune system, and increased anxiety in rats. Compared with hyperbaric air, restraint tended to activate stronger stress responses. Conclusively, this work established a simulation stress model of the undersea environment induced by restraint, hyperbaric air and immersion. It further provided experimental data of such a model that showed significant activation of the CNS, neuroendocrine and immune systems and anxiety in rats. In this experiment we provided an experimental basis for undersea work such as working aboard a submarine.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Leukocyte Entry into the Brain by the Selectin Blocker Fucoidin Decreases Interleukin-1 (IL-1) Levels but Increases IL-8 Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid during Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis in Rabbits

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 3153-3157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Østergaard ◽  
Runa Vavia Yieng-Kow ◽  
Thomas Benfield ◽  
Niels Frimodt-Møller ◽  
Frank Espersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis

ABSTRACT The polysaccharide fucoidin is a selectin blocker that inhibits leukocyte recruitment into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during experimental pneumococcal meningitis. In the present study, the effect of fucoidin treatment on the release of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and IL-8 into the CSF was investigated. Rabbits (n = 7) were treated intravenously with 10 mg of fucoidin/kg of body weight every second hour starting 4 h after intracisternal inoculation of ∼106 CFU of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3 (untreated control group, n = 7). CSF samples were obtained every second hour during a 16-h study period. Treatment with fucoidin caused a consistent and significant decrease in CSF IL-1 levels (in picograms per milliliter) between 12 and 16 h (0 versus 170, 0 versus 526, and 60 versus 1,467, respectively;P < 0.02). A less consistent decrease in CSF TNF-α levels was observed in the fucoidin-treated group, but with no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). In contrast, there was no attenuation in CSF IL-8 levels. Indeed, there was a significant increase in CSF IL-8 levels (in picograms per milliliter) in the fucoidin-treated group at 10 and 12 h (921 versus 574 and 1,397 versus 569, respectively;P < 0.09). In conclusion, our results suggest that blood-derived leukocytes mainly are responsible for the release of IL-1 and to some degree TNF-α into the CSF during pneumococcal meningitis, whereas IL-8 may be produced by local cells within the brain.

Oxydative stress markers and cytokine levels in rosuvastatin-medicated hypercholesterolemia patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-538
Author(s):  
Aysun Çetin ◽  
İhsan Çetin ◽  
Semih Yılmaz ◽  
Ahmet Şen ◽  
Göktuğ Savaş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phenotypic Effect ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Limited research is available concerning the relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation parameters, and simultaneously the effects of rosuvastatin on these markers in patients with hypercholesterolemia. We aimed to investigate the connection between cytokines and oxidative stress markers in patients with hypercholesterolemia before and after rosuvastatin treatment. Methods The study consisted of 30 hypercholesterolemic patients diagnosed with routine laboratory tests and 30 healthy participants. The lipid parameters, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in controls and patients with hypercholesterolemia before and after 12-week treatment with rosuvastatin (10 mg/kg/day), were analyzed by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results It was found that a 12-week cure with rosuvastatin resulted in substantial reductions in IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α and MDA levels as in rising activities of PON1 in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Before treatment, the PON1 levels were significantly negatively correlated with TNF-α and IL-6 in control group, while it was positively correlated with TNF-α in patients. Conclusion Our outcomes provide evidence of protected effect of rosuvastatin for inflammation and oxidative damage. It will be of great interest to determine whether the correlation between PON1 and cytokines has any phenotypic effect on PON1.

scholarly journals Suppression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced neutrophil adherence responses by essential oils

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Abe ◽  
Naho Maruyama ◽  
Kazumi Hayama ◽  
Hiroko Ishibashi ◽  
Shigeharu Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Neutrophil Activation ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Neutrophil Adherence ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Background:In aromatherapy, essential oils are used as anti-inflammatory remedies, but experimental studies on their action mechanisms are very limited.Aims:To assess their anti-inflammatory activities, effects of essential oils on neutrophil activation were examinedin vitro.Methods:Neutrophil activation was measured by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-induced adherence reaction of human peripheral neutrophils.Results:All essential oils tested at 0.1% concentration suppressed TNF-α-induced neutrophil adherence, and, in particular, lemongrass, geranium and spearmint oils clearly lowered the reaction even at 0.0125%. Similar inhibitory activities for the neutrophil adherence were obtained by their major constituent terpenoids: citral, geraniol, citronellol and carvone. In contrast, very popular essential oils, tea tree oil and lavender oil, did not display the inhibitory activity at the concentration.Conclusion:Thus, some essential oils used as anti-inflammatory remedies suppress neutrophil activation by TNF-α at a low concentration (0.0125-0.025%)in vitro.

scholarly journals EKSPRESI Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) DAN Transforming growth factors beta (TGF-β) PADA PERIODONTITIS APIKALIS KRONIS AKIBAT INDUKSI Enterococcus faecalis PADA TIKUS WISTAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Richard Fritzgerald ◽  
Cecilia Lunardhi ◽  
Ruslan Effendy ◽  
Tamara Yuanita
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Transforming Growth Factors ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Background. Root canal treatment is a main role in decreasing infection from root canal and pulp. The main cause of periapical damage mostly are bacteries. E.faecalis is a bactery that is found as an etiology of endodontic treatment failure. Cell wall of this bacteria is containing Lipoteichoic acid (LTA). LTA can penetrate into the periradicular tissue, act as endotoxin in host and cause periradicular inflammation then lead to bone destruction. LTA stimulates immunology reaction that produce Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) and Transforming growth factors beta (TGF-ß). TNF-α is a main mediator and also have an important role in inflamation response otherwise TGF-ß is working as a multifunction  regulator of cell growth and differentiation during reforming and remodelling.  Purpose. The aim of this study is to know about the expression of TNF-α and TGF-ß during the periapical tissue damage due to induction of E.faecalis. Method. This study used laboratory experimental with the post test only control group design. A total of 30 male rats were randomly divided into 3 main groups, Group A (control negative) : normal tooth. Group B (control positive) : every tooth was induced only by sterile BHI-b. Group C (treated group) : every tooth  was induced by 10 μl BHI-b E.faecalis ATCC212(106 CFU). The animals were sacrificed 21 days later and prepared for histological examination of tissue damage, then we did the immunohistochemistry  followed by calculation on the light microscope. Result. The analysis revealed that the expression of TNF-α at treated group are higher than negative control and positive control but the expression of  TGF-ß at treated group are higher than the negative control group but lower than positive control. Conclusion. From this study we know that the expression of TNF-α and TGF-ß are changing during the periapical tissue damage that induced by E.faecalis.

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