scholarly journals Reserve for Arabian Oryx

Oryx ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Local Origin ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Arabian Oryx ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Set Up

The wildlife of the Jordanian deserts was shot out in the 1950s. As a first step towards restoring it, the Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature in Jordan has set up a captive breeding unit at its Shaumari Reserve, eight miles from the great oasis of Azraq. Though the first occupants are likely to be gazelles, by the time this issue appears there may well be four male Arabian oryx also. These, the foundation of what it is hoped will be the first captive herd of Arabian oryx in Arabia deriving from Operation Oryx, have been presented to Jordan by the Trustees of the World Herd of Arabian Oryx, now located at Phoenix and San Diego Zoos in the USA. There are a number of other captive herds of local origin already in the Arabian peninsula, including the well known one in Qatar.

The Legal Process before 1968: The Juvenile Court

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-144
Author(s):  
Kenneth McK. Norrie
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Legal Process ◽  
Juvenile Courts ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Hearing System ◽  
Made In

This chapter explores the world-wide movement at the turn of the 20th century towards specialist juvenile courts to deal with children who commit offences. Following the lead of the juvenile court movement in the USA and Australia, the Children Act 1908 set up juvenile courts in both Scotland and England, though in Scotland these courts quickly acquired jurisdiction over both young offenders and children in need of care and protection. Originally little more than a separate set of procedural rules to be followed in the sheriff court dealing with children, an effort was made in the Children and Young Persons (Scotland) Acts 1932 and 1937 to give better effect to the idea of a separate court presided over by specialist judges. Though never nation-wide, these new, enhanced, juvenile courts took on many of the characteristics that were later adopted by the children’s hearing system, including the processes to be followed, the involvement of the children, the requirement to look at the child’s wider environmental circumstances (including the child’s welfare), and the outcomes available to the court.

scholarly journals Operation Oryx: The Three Stages of Captive Breeding

Oryx ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian. R. Grimwood
Keyword(s):  
Captive Breeding ◽  
World Wildlife Fund ◽  
Game Warden ◽  
The World ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Breeding Herd ◽  
Arabian Oryx ◽  
Three Stages

In 1961 the Arabian oryx was in such danger that the only hope for its survival seemed to lie in capturing sufficient animals to start a breeding herd in captivity from which eventually some could be returned to the wild. The Fauna Preservation Society, aided by the World Wildlife Fund, organised Operation Oryx, and under the leadership of Major Grimwood, then Chief Game Warden in Kenya, three animals were captured. These, together with some from the very few in captivity, were sent to Phoenix Zoo in Arizona for stage two of the operation, the breeding of a stock, which is now going on successfully. Stage three, the return to the wild, still lies ahead. Describing the capture expedition, Major Grimwood emphasises the immense interest it aroused, which brought help from six governments, five zoos, scores of societies and clubs, hundreds of individuals, and several oil and other companies, including an electricity company in Kenya which emptied its showroom of ovens in order to heat the oryx's quarantine quarters to save them from the cold.

scholarly journals Germany and China Have Savings Gluts, the USA Is a Sump: So What?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Lance Taylor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
The Political ◽  
Trade Imbalance ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Bp Model ◽  
American Economy

A “global saving glut” was invented by Ben Bernanke in 2005 as a label for positive net lending (imports exceeding exports) to the American economy by the rest of the world. This trading situation had already emerged around 1980, and led to the Plaza Accord in 1985. One common explanation is based on the Mundell-Fleming IS/LM/BP model. But this model cannot be valid, since the “BP” equation is not independent of “IS.” Other champions of this saving glut hypothesis rely on loanable funds theory, which is institutionally inadequate. More plausible analyses of the persistent trade imbalance can be derived from a two-country IS/LM set-up devised by Wynne Godley, a Kaleckian description of the political economy of East Asia and the United States, and dissection of the terms of trade due to W. Arthur Lewis and Luigi Pasinetti.

scholarly journals Dutch Skies, Global Laws

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Achbari ◽  
F. van Lunteren
Keyword(s):  
Wind Direction ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Local Rule ◽  
Rule Of Thumb ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up ◽  
A Current

This essay examines the transformation of a local rule of thumb into a widely acknowledged meteorological law, generally known as Buys Ballot’s law. This law relates wind direction to atmospheric pressure. From 1857 to 1867, Christophorus Buys Ballot (1817–1890) actively lobbied in the international arena for his wind rule, which he regarded as a promising basis for a system of storm warnings. At the same time he was reluctant to generalize his rule beyond the Dutch boundaries or to make strong claims about its predictive nature. Initially he failed to interest foreign meteorologists in his work, partly because of a widespread scepticism with regard to meteorological predictions, and partly because some of his foreign colleagues favored competing theories. One of his main rivals in this respect was Robert Fitzroy, director of the British Meteorological Office, who had set up his own warning system. This practice provoked the wrath of the Royal Society, as its members regarded Fitzroy’s theories and the resulting predictions as unscientific. After his death the Society took the British Meteorological Office under its control and abolished the practice of storm warnings. The resulting wave of protests from people who felt they had benefitted from the warnings landed the Society in an awkward predicament. The warnings could only be reintroduced without losing face if they had a “scientific” basis, and therefore finding a sound basis for storm predictions became a matter of urgency. At last Buys Ballot found a willing ear for his campaign. A rapid verification of his wind rule in Britain sufficed for the introduction of the unprecedented expression “Buys Ballot’s law” in the Royal Society reports. From these authoritative reports the designation rapidly spread all over the world, thus becoming a current expression.

scholarly journals Operation Oryx—the success continues

Oryx ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Fitter
Keyword(s):  
San Diego ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
World Wildlife Fund ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Arabian Oryx ◽  
Made In

In the past six months there have been two notable developments in the follow-up of Operation Oryx, whose history was summarised in Oryx in 1982 (Vol. XVI, pages 406–410). A first release was made in Jordan, in October 1983 and a second one in Oman in April 1984. The Royal Jordanian Conservation Society should be most warmly congratulated for having been able to release, with substantial help from both the World Wildlife Fund and the Oman Government, no fewer than 31 oryx into the Shaumari Reserve near Azraq, which although fenced extends to 22 sq km. This herd derives from four pairs originating from Operation Oryx, sent from San Diego Wild Animal Park in California in 1978, and three more animals presented by HH the Prince of Qatar. Their release into the extensive natural habitat at Shaumari by HM King Hussein crowns a notable effort and provides further justification of the foresight of the ffPS in undertaking Operation Oryx 22 years ago. It is unlikely that Arabian oryx can be released into the open desert in Jordan in the foreseeable future, since the available areas are too close both to populated areas in Jordan and to the Saudi Arabian frontier, which they could not be prevented from crossing and where they could not be safeguarded.

Growth in e-commerce boosts innovation in the warehouse robot market

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Bogue
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Navigation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Short Discussion ◽  
Robotic Technology ◽  
Development Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Set Up

Purpose This paper aims to illustrate how the growth in e-commerce has catalysed innovative developments in robots for use in warehouses. Design/methodology/approach Following a brief introduction to e-commerce and warehouse robots, this first paper discusses Amazon’s involvement with robotic technology. It then considers the community of recently founded companies manufacturing warehouse robots, together with details of their products. The paper concludes with a short discussion. Findings Amazon pioneered the use of robotics in its e-commerce warehouses with Kiva robots. It acquired the company in 2012, renaming it Amazon Robotics, and withdrew the products from open sale, triggering a boom in development activity to fill the gap in the market. Many companies in the USA, Europe and Asia have since been set up to exploit this opportunity and now manufacture robots for use in fulfilment centres around the world. While several products resemble the Kiva robots, others are more sophisticated and feature capabilities such as shelf picking and autonomous navigation. In the longer term, it is anticipated that functions such as product packing will also be conducted by robots, leading to fully automated fulfilment centres. Originality/value This paper discusses the recent and dramatic upsurge in the development of robots for use in warehouses, particularly those serving the rapidly growing e-commerce sector.

scholarly journals The Mallet Project: from an earthquake laboratory to laboratories on the territory

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziano Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up

<p>On December 16, 1857, an earthquake wreaked havoc across a huge area of the regions of Basilicata and Campania (Val d’Agri and Vallo di Diano). More than 180 villages in an area of over 20,000 km2 suffered very severe damage. More than 6,000 houses collapsed or became uninhabitable, and 19,000 people were killed. In the months of February and March 1858, the Irish engineer Robert Mallet undertook a mission to study the earthquake with a grant from the Royal Society of London. In 1862, he published his extraordinary study diary, in which the technical and scientific observations mingled with descriptive and literary details. This represents, from different angles, a unique ‘observatory’ over the landscape and the social, economic and cultural aspects of Val d’Agri and Vallo di Diano. In 2003, the Provinces of Salerno and Potenza started up a joint venture with the Storia Geofisica Ambiente of Bologna and with the scientific partnership of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, with a view to setting up provincial laboratories dedicated to environmental education, and named after Robert Mallet. The Mallet Project proceeded up to 2009 on three agreements. Within the framework of the idea of a ‘Mallet Laboratories’ Project, there has been the opportunity to set up a network of study centers in the territories of these two provinces (Salerno and Potenza), which can promote research with great national and international breadth, starting with the world of schools and local communities. The study entitled Viaggio nelle aree del terremoto del 16 dicembre 1857 was published through the period from 2004 to 2009.</p>

scholarly journals Ten years of Arabian oryx conservation breeding in Saudi Arabia – achievements and regional perspectives

Oryx ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Ostrowski ◽  
Eric Bedin ◽  
Daniel M. Lenain ◽  
Abdulaziz H. Abuzinada
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Flagship Species ◽  
Arabian Oryx ◽  
Conservation Breeding

The National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development was established in 1986 to oversee all wildlife conservation programmes in Saudi Arabia. The Arabian oryx Oryx leucoryx is one of the flagship species of the Saudi Arabian reintroduction policy. It has been captive-bred since 1986 at the National Wildlife Research Center near Taif. With the creation of a network of protected areas in the former distribution range of the species, attention has shifted to the release of captive-bred oryx into Mahazat as-Sayd and 'Uruq Bani Ma'arid reserves. Similar programmes carried out in other countries of the Arabian Peninsula underline the need for regional co-operation and pan-Arabic public awareness programmes, in addition to captive-breeding and reintroduction projects.

The Iranian Nuclear Impasse: The Protracted Imbroglio

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-166
Author(s):  
Deeplekha Sengupta Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
International Community ◽  
Nuclear Technology ◽  
The West ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nuclear Issue ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Set Up

The Iranian nuclear deadlock has been one of the most contentious issues confronting the international community till date. The following article seeks to trace the tussle between the evolution of the Iranian nuclear aspirations and the politics of non-proliferation. It is divided into four main sections. The first section attempts to give a brief description of the problematic of the discriminatory politics of nuclear non-proliferation regime that Iran has been put through by the West. Iran’s nuclear aspirations can be traced back to the 1950s. Its strategic relations with the USA and leading European nations brought Iran significant scientific and technological assistance to set up a nuclear infrastructure. The second segment of the article delves into Iran’s nuclear activities during the Shah regime and the Western response. The post-Shah years brought about notable changes in the Western approach to Iran’s nuclear pursuit, the denial of nuclear technology to Iran being the predominant stand of the West especially the USA. The third section addresses the changes in Iran’s stand on the nuclear issue and the consequent changes in its relations with the West especially the USA. The last section of the article, that is, the concluding part attempts a dispassionate take on the rationale behind its nuclear aspirations, the veracity of its arguments and the future of the Iranian nuclear impasse.

Optimum Structure of the Banking Market: How Many Banks Are Necessary for Russia?

2006 ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Optimum Structure ◽  
Population Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Equilibrium Number

The number of classical banks in the world has reduced. In the majority of countries the number of banks does not exceed 200. The uniqueness of the Russian banking sector is that in this respect it takes the third place in the world after the USA and Germany. The paper reviews the conclusions of the economic theory about the optimum structure of the banking market. The empirical analysis shows that the number of banks in a country is influenced by the size of its territory, population number and GDP per capita. Our econometric estimate is that the equilibrium number of banks in Russia should be in a range of 180-220 units.

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