The Positions of the Magnetic Poles

Polar Record ◽  
1948 ◽  
Vol 5 (35-36) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Spencer Jones
Keyword(s):  
Polar Regions ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
Complicated Shape ◽  
Magnetic Poles

A knowledge of the positions of the magnetic poles is important for the construction of magnetic charts of the polar areas. Charts giving the isogonals, or lines of equal declination, are needed for the purpose of air navigation over the polar regions, which is likely to become of increasing importance. The isogonals have a particularly complicated shape in the polar regions, because both the geographical pole and the magnetic pole are points of singularity, through which all the isogonals necessarily pass.

Surveying terrestrial magnetism in time and space

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita McConnell
Keyword(s):  
Polar Regions ◽  
Horizontal Force ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
Compass Direction ◽  
The North ◽  
Magnetic Variation ◽  
Magnetic Meridian ◽  
Magnetic Poles ◽  
North And South ◽  
Over Time

Charts marked with the lines of magnetic variation have been published since Halley's Atlantic chart of 1701. It was already known that the location of the magnetic poles shifted over time, and that the north and south poles were not diametrically opposite. As more seafarers penetrated the Southern Ocean, isogons on the charts were extended southwards with greater confidence. At sea variation was measured by comparing compass direction with the Sun's midday shadow. In polar regions, where horizontal force is too weak to attract a compass needle, the location of the pole was sought by observing the inclination of a dip needle swinging in the magnetic meridian, which would hang vertically at the pole. The Fox dip circle, developed in 1834, was the first instrument capable of measuring dip and intensity at sea, and allowed James Clark Ross to predict the location of the South Magnetic Pole. In 1902 Discovery's crew landed an observatory ashore, but a trek on to the plateau failed to reach the magnetic pole. Success came in 1909 during Shackleton's Nimrod expedition, when T. Edgeworth David's party reached the zone of maximum dip. Over the following years data from photographic magnetometers recording declination, vertical and horizontal intensity were routinely made at the various national bases round Antarctica; they contributed to our knowledge of the Earth's internal magnetism and on the solar influences.

scholarly journals Influence of high-latitude geomagnetic pulsations on recordings of broadband force-balanced seismic sensors

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kozlovskaya ◽  
A. Kozlovsky
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Geomagnetic Latitude ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Auroral Oval ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Geomagnetic Pulsations ◽  
Seismic Sensors ◽  
Magnetic Poles ◽  
Magnetic Disturbances

Abstract. Seismic broadband sensors with electromagnetic feedback are sensitive to variations of surrounding magnetic field, including variations of geomagnetic field. Usually, the influence of the geomagnetic field on recordings of such seismometers is ignored. It might be justified for seismic observations at middle and low latitudes. The problem is of high importance, however, for observations in Polar Regions (above 60° geomagnetic latitude), where magnitudes of natural magnetic disturbances may be two or even three orders larger. In our study we investigate the effect of ultra-low frequency (ULF) magnetic disturbances, known as geomagnetic pulsations, on the STS-2 seismic broadband sensors. The pulsations have their sources and, respectively, maximal amplitudes in the region of the auroral ovals, which surround the magnetic poles in both hemispheres at geomagnetic latitude (GMLAT) between 60° and 80°. To investigate sensitivity of the STS-2 seismometer to geomagnetic pulsations, we compared the recordings of permanent seismic stations in northern Finland to the data of the magnetometers of the IMAGE network located in the same area. Our results show that temporary variations of magnetic field with periods of 40–150 s corresponding to regular Pc4 and irregular Pi2 pulsations are seen very well in recordings of the STS-2 seismometers. Therefore, these pulsations may create a serious problem for interpretation of seismic observations in the vicinity of the auroral oval. Moreover, the shape of Pi2 magnetic disturbances and their periods resemble the waveforms of glacial seismic events reported originally by Ekström (2003). The problem may be treated, however, if combined analysis of recordings of co-located seismic and magnetic instruments is used.

scholarly journals HIDDEN DIRAC MONOPOLES

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (24) ◽  
pp. 4023-4037 ◽  
Author(s):  
VICENTE VENTO
Keyword(s):  
Electric Charge ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
Experimental Search ◽  
Grand Unified Theories ◽  
Unified Theories ◽  
Discrete Nature ◽  
Magnetic Poles ◽  
The Universe

Dirac showed that the existence of one magnetic pole in the universe could offer an explanation of the discrete nature of the electric charge. Magnetic poles appear naturally in most grand unified theories. Their discovery would be of greatest importance for particle physics and cosmology. The intense experimental search carried thus far has not met with success. I propose a universe with magnetic poles which are not observed free because they hide in deeply bound monopole–antimonopole states named monopolium. I discuss the realization of this proposal and its consistency with known cosmological features. I furthermore analyze its implications and the experimental signatures that confirm the scenario.

New Structure of Crossing Magnetic Poles on Magnetic Fluid Seals

2013 ◽  
Vol 562-565 ◽  
pp. 1393-1396
Author(s):  
Meng Zhao ◽  
Shan Lin Jiang ◽  
Cheng Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Intensity ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
Sealing Capacity ◽  
The One ◽  
Magnetic Poles

In order to improve the ability of magnetic fluid seals, the new structure of crossing magnetic poles on magnetic seals can be designed. The reluctivity of gap with the crossing magnetic pole is less than the reluctivity of gap without the crossing magnetic pole. The magnetic intensity in the gap can be bigger because of the crossing magnetic poles. According to the pressure formula of magnetic fluid seals, the pressure on the one side of magnetic fluid seals can be increased. The sealing capacity with the crossing magnetic pole is more than the sealing capacity without the crossing magnetic pole. The sealing capacity can be improved by 10%-15%.

On the position of the north magnetic pole

1837 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 254-254 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Position ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
The North ◽  
The Earth ◽  
North Magnetic Pole ◽  
To Come ◽  
Magnetic Poles ◽  
Magnetic Needle ◽  
Made In

The author remarks that the discordances in former observations made with a view to determine the position of the magnetic pole, have arisen partly from the irregularity of distribution in the earth of the substances which exert magnetic power, and partly from the great distances from the magnetic poles at which these observations have been made. The latter cause of uncertainty has been now, in a great measure, removed, by the numerous and accurate observations made during the late arctic expeditions. The object of the present paper is to put on record those which were made in the last voyage of Captain Ross, in which a spot was reached corresponding to the true north magnetic pole on the surface of the earth. The nature of the instruments, and the difficulties encountered in their practical employment, under the circumstances of the expedition, are fully stated. Having arrived, on the 1st of June, at north latitude 70° 5' 17", and west longitude 96° 45' 48", the horizontal magnetic needle exhibited no determinate directive tendency, and the dipping needle was within a minute of the vertical position, a quantity which may be supposed to come within the limits of the errors of observation; hence the author concludes that this spot may be considered as the true magnetic pole, or as a very near approximation to it, as far, at least, as could be ascertained with the limited means of determination of which he was then in possession. A table of the observations, including those on the intensity of the magnetic force at various stations, is subjoined.

scholarly journals Temperature Rise and Thermal Deformation of Magnetic Pole of MLDSB under Multiple Physical Field Coupling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
JianHua ZHAO ◽  
Ji-Sheng ZHAO ◽  
Sheng LI ◽  
Zhe WANG ◽  
Guo-Jun DU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Loss ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Thermal Deformation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Physical Field ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Transfer Path ◽  
Field Coupling ◽  
Magnetic Poles

Abstract The thermal deformation of magnetic poles caused by the heat loss of the coils of Magnetic Liquid Double Suspension Bearing (MLDSB) can reduced the gap between magnetic poles and magnetic sleeve, and the probability and degree of impact-rub can be increased in the working process of MLDSB. And the coatings of magnetic poles and magnetic sleeve can be worn overly, and the operation stability and service life of MLDSB will be reduced severely. The thermal deformation of magnetic poles can be affected by the material property of magnetic pole, the electric current of the coils, and the cooling effect of the lubricants and so on, so it belongs to the multiple physical field coupling. Therefore, the flow-solid-thermal coupled mathematics model of MLDSB is established and solved with ANSYS in this paper, and the distribution law of flow field of the magnetic pole is explored. The transfer path and distribution principles of heat loss are revealed and the distribution law of temperature rise and thermal deformation of magnetic pole in different operating conditions are explored. The results indicate that the temperature rise and thermal deformation of the stator is symmetrically distributed in the center, it gradually increase from the outside to the center, and the thermal deformation near the corner of magnetic pole is largest. The most heat loss can be taken away by the lubricants under the condition of heat balance. The thermal deformation of magnetic pole can increase linearly as the current gradually increase, and the stress is concentrated in the threaded hole and magnetic pole. The thermal deformation decreases linearly as the inlet pressure of the lubricants gradually increase. The PIV results of flow trace are basically consistent with the simulation results. The research in this paper can provide the theoretical reference for the structural design and the optimization of MLDSB.

scholarly journals Unified Phase Field Theory Based on the Interaction of Positive and Negative Magnetic poles and Analysis of ATLAS, CMS Experiment at the LHC

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
xianjin wu
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Particle ◽  
Field Theory ◽  
Phase Field ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
High Energy Proton ◽  
Proton Antiproton ◽  
Strong Force ◽  
Energy Proton ◽  
Magnetic Poles

Abstract This article assumes that the elementary particle is a magnetic pole field formed by the interaction of positive and negative magnetic poles and believes that gravity, electromagnetic forces, strong forces and weak forces are all produced by the interaction of positive and negative magnetic poles. The collision of the high-energy elementary particles appears as a strong force, the decay of the high-energy elementary particles appears as a weak force, the cohesive force of the high-energy elementary particle magnetic pole field (the gravitational field) to its magnetic pole is gravity, and the spin force of the high-energy elementary particle magnetic pole field in the external field (the gravitational field) is the electromagnetic force. This article discusses a high-energy proton-antiproton collision experiment based on the interaction of positive and negative magnetic poles and reveals the production mechanism of protonium, tauium, muonium, positronium, three generations of leptons and neutrinos, and the final state. This article explains the unification of the strong force, weak force, electromagnetic force and gravity with unified phase field theory and tests this theory by the ATLAS and CMS experimental data at the LHC. The data of the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the LHC are completely consistent with the calculated data of the phase field curvature tensor equation. Differential geometric variables are covariant with physical variables. The Lagrangian function of Einstein's mass-energy equation, the Lagrangian function of the Schrodinger particle differential motion wave function based on the theory of relativity, the Lagrangian density of the Young-Mills gauge field equation, and the high-energy elementary particle phase difference momentum-energy tensor of the curvature tensor equation are completely consistent in the high-energy proton-antiproton collision experiment. These results fully prove that the unified phase field theory is more in line with the physical reality of the high-energy proton-antiproton collision experiment.

scholarly journals Unified Phase Field Theory Based on the Interaction of Positive and Negative Magnetic poles and Analysis of ATLAS, CMS Experiment at the LHC

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
xianjin wu
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Particle ◽  
Field Theory ◽  
Phase Field ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
High Energy Proton ◽  
Proton Antiproton ◽  
Strong Force ◽  
Energy Proton ◽  
Magnetic Poles

Abstract This article assumes that the elementary particle is a magnetic pole field formed by the interaction of positive and negative magnetic poles and believes that gravity, electromagnetic forces, strong forces and weak forces are all produced by the interaction of positive and negative magnetic poles. The collision of the high-energy elementary particles appears as a strong force, the decay of the high-energy elementary particles appears as a weak force, the cohesive force of the high-energy elementary particle magnetic pole field (the gravitational field) to its magnetic pole is gravity, and the spin force of the high-energy elementary particle magnetic pole field in the external field (the gravitational field) is the electromagnetic force. This article discusses a high-energy proton-antiproton collision experiment based on the interaction of positive and negative magnetic poles and reveals the production mechanism of protonium, tauium, muonium, positronium, three generations of leptons and neutrinos, and the final state. This article explains the unification of the strong force, weak force, electromagnetic force and gravity with unified phase field theory and tests this theory by the ATLAS and CMS experimental data at the LHC. The data of the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the LHC are completely consistent with the calculated data of the phase field curvature tensor equation. Differential geometric variables are covariant with physical variables. The Lagrangian function of Einstein's mass-energy equation, the Lagrangian function of the Schrodinger particle differential motion wave function based on the theory of relativity, the Lagrangian density of the Young-Mills gauge field equation, and the high-energy elementary particle phase difference momentum-energy tensor of the curvature tensor equation are completely consistent in the high-energy proton-antiproton collision experiment. These results fully prove that the unified phase field theory is more in line with the physical reality of the high-energy proton-antiproton collision experiment.

Internal Magnetic Abrasive Particles Surface Finishing Based on Permanent Magnetic Field

2008 ◽  
Vol 53-54 ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.L. Chen ◽  
Shi Chun Yang ◽  
Jian Mei Wang ◽  
Wen Hui Li ◽  
G.Y. Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
Permanent Magnetic Field ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Abrasive Particles ◽  
Promising Application ◽  
Magnetic Poles

To internal magnetic abrasive particles surface finishing, the motion of magnetic abrasive particles was influenced not only by the intensity of magnetic induction, but also by the internal diameter, and the magnetic inductive capacity was also an important factor that influences finishing quality. In this paper, under the same experimental conditions, electromagnetic field and permanent magnetic field were respectively used to magnetic abrasive particles surface finishing on thin stainless steel bush and 45 steel bush, new thoughts on inserted permanent magnetic pole and butted permanent magnetic pole were pointed out. The finishing quality of two kinds of work pieces under three different magnetic poles was compared. The results have shown that permanent magnetic pole could decrease the surface roughness Ra of work piece from 1.6μm to 0.2μm, which could solve the puzzles encountered in internal magnetic abrasive particles surface finishing on magnetic inductive work piece and had good promising application value.

scholarly journals Selected Aspects of Decreasing Weight of Motor Dedicated to Wheel Hub Assembly by Increasing Number of Magnetic Poles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 917
Author(s):  
Piotr Dukalski ◽  
Roman Krok
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Electromagnetic Models ◽  
Electric Traction ◽  
Magnetic Poles ◽  
Operational Range ◽  
The Impact

Decreasing the mass of a wheel hub motor by improving the design of a motor’s electromagnetic circuit is discussed in this paper. The authors propose to increase the number of magnetic pole pairs. They present possibilities of mass reduction obtained by these means. They also analyze the impact of design changes on losses and temperature distribution in motor elements. Lab tests of a constructed prototype, as well as elaborated conjugate thermal-electromagnetic models of the prototype motor and modified motor (i.e., motor with increased number of magnetic poles) were used in the investigation. Simulation models were verified by tests on the prototype. Results of calculations for two motors, differing by the number of pair poles, were compared over a wide operational range specific to the motor application in the electric traction. A detailed analysis of the operational range for these motors was also made.

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