Suicide by burning as an epidemic phenomenon: an analysis of 82 deaths and inquests in England and Wales in 1978–9

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Ashton ◽  
Stuart Donnan
Keyword(s):  
Index Case ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Death Certificates ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Code Of Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Media ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk

SynopsisAn epidemic of suicide by burning in England and Wales occurred during the one-year period October 1978 to October 1979, following a widely publicized political suicide. For the 82 cases, death certificates were obtained and coroners' inquest reports sought. The victims were predominantly young single men or older married women; both groups had strong psychiatric histories; and there were no suicides which had political overtones, apart from the index case. Compared with suicides by this method in the past, a higher proportion of victims were born in the UK. It is proposed that a code of practice for the reporting of suicides by the media is required.

scholarly journals French Bulldogs differ to other dogs in the UK in propensity for many common disorders: a VetCompass study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan G. O’Neill ◽  
Rowena M.A. Packer ◽  
Peter Francis ◽  
David B. Church ◽  
Dave C. Brodbelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Issues ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Cohort Study Design ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Modelling Methods ◽  
French Bulldog

Abstract Background The French Bulldog is a highly popular dog breed but is linked with many serious health issues. A holistic view of breed health in French Bulldogs would assist efforts to appreciate the overall health strengths and weaknesses in the French Bulldog and to take appropriate steps to mitigate these. Based on random sampling of French Bulldogs and non-French Bulldogs under primary veterinary care during 2016 within the VetCompass Programme, a cohort study design was used to estimate the one-year (2016) period prevalence of the most commonly diagnosed disorders in each group. Risk factor analysis used multivariable logistic regression modelling methods. Results The analysis included 2,781 French Bulldogs and 21,850 non-French Bulldogs. French Bulldogs were younger (1.51 years, IQR 0.86 – 2.77 vs. 4.48 years, IQR 1.94 – 8.14) (p < 0.001) and lighter (12.45 kg, IQR 11.00 – 14.03 versus 13.80 kg, IQR 8.10 – 25.12) (p < 0.001) than non-French Bulldogs. Of 43 common specific-level disorders across both groups, French Bulldogs had significantly increased adjusted odds of 20/43 (46.5 %) disorders and significantly reduced adjusted odds of 11/43 (25.6 %) disorders compared to non-French Bulldogs. Highly predisposed disorders in French Bulldogs included stenotic nares (OR 42.14; 95 % CI 18.50 to 95.99; p < 0.001), Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (OR 30.89; 95 % CI 20.91 to 45.64; p < 0.001), aural discharge (OR 14.40; 95 % CI 9.08 to 22.86; p < 0.001), skin fold dermatitis (OR 11.18; 95 % CI 7.19 to 17.40; p < 0.001) and dystocia (OR 9.13; 95 % CI 5.17 to 16.13; p < 0.001). At a grouped-level of diagnostic precision, French Bulldogs had increased adjusted odds of 12/32 (37.5 %) disorders and reduced adjusted odds of 6/32 (18.8 %) disorders compared to non-French Bulldogs. Conclusions These results identified ultra-predispositions with worryingly higher odds in French Bulldogs for several disorders, suggesting that the health of French Bulldogs has diverged substantially from, and may be lower than, the health of the wider non-French Bulldog population. Many of these predispositions are closely associated with the conformational extremes that define the French Bulldog breed. Shifting the typical conformation of the French Bulldog population towards a more moderate phenotype is proposed as a logical opportunity to reduce the serious health issues endemic in the French Bulldog breed.

scholarly journals Opioid overdose in public libraries: Results from a five state survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Feuerstein-Simon ◽  
Margaret Lowenstein ◽  
Roxanne Dupuis ◽  
Xochitl Luna Marti ◽  
Abby Dolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Past ◽  
Library Staff ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

AbstractIntroductionPublic libraries are increasingly impacted by the overdose crisis. A 2017 survey of public librarians in the state of Pennsylvania revealed that 12% had reported an on-site overdose in the previous year. There are increasing public and private efforts to equip public libraries with the opioid overdose antidote, naloxone.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional web-based survey of all public library branches in Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Michigan, and Virginia. Survey questions. We used descriptive statistics to report frequencies of responses and crude odds ratios were calculated to predict the dichotomized variable of endorsement of naloxone uptake.ResultsLibrary staff reported witnessing on-site alcohol (45%) and injection drug (14%) use in the past month. The one-year cumulative incidence (12% overall) of on-site overdose ranged from a low of 10% in MI, to a high of 17% in FL. Among libraries with on-site overdoses, a minority (21%) stocked naloxone, and 12% had administered naloxone. Overall, 11% of libraries stocked naloxone on-site. Although 24% of respondents reported attending at least one training regarding SUD in the past year, 91% wanted more training on the topic.ConclusionsPublic library staff routinely address issues related to substance use and overdose in their institutions. This work highlights the importance of including public libraries as part of a comprehensive public health strategy to address substance use-related morbidity and mortality in the U.S.

Coverage of Government and Judiciary Relationship: A Study of Urdu and English Newspapers of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
Behramand Durrani ◽  
◽  
Riffat Alam
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
National Reconciliation

This present study analyzes the role played by the media during the controversy between Government of Pakistan and its Supreme Court in 2012. This study is particularly focused on the issues pertinent to the National Reconciliation Ordinance (NRO) case. It employed content analysis as research study and quantitatively examined the columns in the Pakistani newspapers; including, Dawn and Daily Jang for the one year time period in the year 2012. A conflicting relationship has been found between the government and judiciary concerning the National reconciliation ordinance (NRO). It was concluded that Dawn and Daily Jang, both newspapers, follow the same agenda about the NRO issue as both of these newspapers offered negative coverage of this issue. Compared to Jang, Dawn was more inclined to the negative framing of judiciary, and Jang was inclined to the negative reporting of government performance. Hence, the Pakistani Print media has framed the issues negatively between the government and the judiciary. Frequent negative slants were observed in Urdu newspaper as compared to English newspaper.

UK Media Publications: 1986

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Len Masterman
Keyword(s):  
American Dream ◽  
The Media ◽  
American Book ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk

Quantity is more evident than quality in the 1986 crop of British media books. Chronic lack of funding and opportunities for serious long-term research into the media in universities, polytechnics and colleges is reflected in a general absence of sustained reflective work in the publishers' lists. Indeed the one media book published in the UK in 1986 which is stilt likely to be of indisputable value in 1996 is an American book, Roland Marchand's meticulous account of American advertising between 1920–40, Advertising the American Dream. It is, by some distance, the best media book of the year, though it is unlikely to shift perceptions of its subject as markedly as two outstanding earlier studies, Daniel Pope's The Making of Modern Advertising (1983) and Michael Schudson's Advertising, the Uneasy Persuasion (1984).

scholarly journals Criminology and criminal justice in post-devolution Wales

2020 ◽  
pp. 147737082091644
Author(s):  
Robert Jones
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Future Research ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Past ◽  
Major Transformation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Criminology And Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminological Analysis

This survey provides one of the first comprehensive reviews of Wales’s role in the England and Wales criminal justice system. The article explains that executive devolution has been responsible for a major transformation to Wales’s position within the England and Wales jurisdiction. Attention is given to the institutions responsible for criminal justice since devolution to Wales as well as an overview of some of the key trends and latest data, including recent research which shows that Wales, when disaggregated from England, has the highest rate of imprisonment in Western Europe. In light of the developments that have taken place over the past two decades, this survey asserts that Wales must now be taken seriously as a distinct and worthwhile unit of criminological analysis. It is argued that future research on Wales can help to develop a more constitutionally literate criminological debate across the UK as well as European regions affected by devolution.

The One Hundred and Fourth Annual Report of the Council 1968

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (700) ◽  
pp. 311-332
Keyword(s):  
Annual Report ◽  
The Past ◽  
Joint Policy ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Policy Committee

Although the past year cannot be classed as an outstanding one, nevertheless, there are some items which are worthy of noting and recording. The number of Fellows elected was the largest ever elected in one year, and the total number of members increased steadily if not spectacularly. It is of much concern to the Council that the number of Graduates and Students diminishes, and in the oncoming year efforts will be made to counteract this tendency. A Joint Policy Committee has been formed with the Institution of Mechanical Engineers and Institution of Production Engineers to investigate all possibilities of cooperation in establishing joint policies and activities and even administration. At present, the Committee is investigating areas of such co-operation.

scholarly journals Intra-Crisis Lesson-Drawing in Real-Time: The Pandemic Lessons Available in the UK Media during the First Months of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ian Greener ◽  
Martin Powell ◽  
Sophie King-Hill
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Policy Transfer ◽  
Newspaper Coverage ◽  
Considerable Uncertainty ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Lesson Drawing ◽  
Over Time

This article assesses, using a framework derived from lesson-drawing, policy transfer and crisis research, the lessons offered by the media from abroad and from the past in the UK COVID-19 pandemic. The lesson-drawing literature focuses on a series of steps and questions associated with the ‘fungibility’ of lessons, and the crisis literature, with its constituent elements of threat, uncertainty and between ‘routine’ and ‘non-routine’ or ‘less routine’ crises. The article utilises the LexisNexis Database1 in order to provide a content analysis of newspaper coverage of lessons offered, giving analysis in ‘real time’ of the source of potential lessons (e.g. past pandemics or other nations), and the type of lessons (e.g. copying or instruments). Its analysis highlights the complexity of lesson-drawing in ‘real time’ in a period of considerable uncertainty, where knowledge is contested, and is subject to change over time.

scholarly journals Constructing the "Media Competent" Child: Media Literacy and Regulatory Policy in the UK

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (Media Education) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Buckingham
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Media Literacy ◽  
Regulatory Policy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Media Regulation ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Media ◽  
Sociology Of Childhood ◽  
The Uk

Over the past fifteen years, sociologists have mounted an influential challenge to traditional psychological accounts of childhood. The new sociology of childhood has presented a powerful critique of the developmentalist view of children as merely ‹adults in the making›. Such a view, it is argued, judges children only in terms of what they will become in the future, once they have been adequately socialised: they are seen as inherently vulnerable, incomplete and dependent. This article considers how recent research on children and media relates to public policy, and specifically to current debates about media regulation in the UK. Debates about the media are obviously an important arena for contemporary concerns about childhood.

Contemporary Narratives of Mass Incarceration

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
Ian Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
International Context ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Past ◽  
Penal State ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

The rise in rates of imprisonment since the late 1970s is one of the most striking features of social policy. The USA and England and Wales have been the “leaders” in these developments. The rate of imprisonment doubled in the UK in the twenty years to 2015. This chapter will begin with a discussion of the historicity of mass incarceration and the penal state. It will examine the expansion of the use of imprisonment in England and Wales over the past thirty years. In contrast to the previous theoretically orientated chapters, this will focus on data such as the rates of imprisonment and the development of policy within this field. The chapter will also provide a comparative analysis that will place the development of the penal state in England and Wales within an international context.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Measurement Error on England and Wales EPC Ratings

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Crawley ◽  
Phillip Biddulph ◽  
Paul J. Northrop ◽  
Jez Wingfield ◽  
Tadj Oreszczyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Exploratory Data Analysis ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Stock Level ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Deviation Measurement ◽  
Exploratory Data ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk

Domestic Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) are used in the UK to provide energy efficiency ratings for use in policy and investment decisions on individual dwellings and at a stock level. There is evidence that the process of creating an EPC introduces measurement error such that repeat assessments of the same property give different ratings, compromising their reliability. This study presents a novel error analysis to estimate the size of this effect, using repeated EPC assessments of 1.6 million existing dwellings in England and Wales. A statistical model of how measurement error contributes to variation between repeated measurements is set out, and exploratory data analysis is used to decide how to apply this model to the available data. The results predict that the one standard deviation measurement error decreases with EPC rating, from around ± 8.0 EPC points on a rating of 35 to ±2.4 on a rating of 85. This predicted error is higher than the limit recommended in UK guidance except in very efficient buildings; it can also result in dwellings being rated in the wrong EPC band, for example it was estimated that 24% of band D homes are rated as band C.

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