The prevalence of antenatal and postnatal co-morbid anxiety and depression: a meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 2041-2053 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Falah-Hassani ◽  
R. Shiri ◽  
C.-L. Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Unpublished Studies ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Antenatal Anxiety

To date, the precise prevalence of co-morbidity of anxiety and depression in the perinatal period is not well known. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of co-morbid anxiety and depression in the antenatal and postnatal periods. Systematic searches of multiple electronic databases were conducted for studies published between January 1950 and January 2016. We included 66 (24 published and 42 unpublished) studies incorporating 162 120 women from 30 countries. Prevalence of self-reported antenatal anxiety symptoms and mild to severe depressive symptoms was 9.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.8–11.2, 17 studies, n = 25 592] and of co-morbid anxiety symptoms and moderate/severe depressive symptoms was 6.3% (95% CI 4.8–7.7, 17 studies, n = 27 270). Prevalence of a clinical diagnosis of any antenatal anxiety disorder and depression was 9.3% (95% CI 4.0–14.7, 10 studies, n = 3918) and of co-morbid generalized anxiety disorder and depression was 1.7% (95% CI 0.2–3.1, three studies, n = 3085). Postnatally between 1 and 24 weeks postpartum, the prevalence of co-morbid anxiety symptoms and mild to severe depressive symptoms was 8.2% (95% CI 6.5–9.9, 15 studies, n = 14 731), while co-morbid anxiety symptoms and moderate/severe depressive symptoms was 5.7% (95% CI 4.3–7.1, 13 studies, n = 20 849). The prevalence of a clinical diagnosis of co-morbid anxiety and depression was 4.2% (95% CI 1.9–6.6, eight studies, n = 3251). Prevalence rates did not differ with regard to year of publication, country income, selection bias and attrition bias. The results suggest that co-morbid perinatal anxiety and depression are prevalent and warrant clinical attention given the potential negative child developmental consequences if left untreated. Further research is warranted to develop evidence-based interventions for prevention, identification and treatment of this co-morbidity.

scholarly journals Anxiety and depressive symptoms of women in the perinatal period during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482110117
Author(s):  
Shefal Y Shorey ◽  
Esperanza D. Ng ◽  
Cornelia Y.I. Chee
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Postnatal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Antenatal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Antenatal Anxiety

Aims: The prevalence of perinatal anxiety and depressive symptoms have been speculated to increase during an infectious disease outbreak but remains unknown in the context of the COVID-19 situation. Therefore, this review aimed to examine the prevalence of antenatal and postnatal anxiety and depressive symptoms among pregnant women and postpartum mothers during the COVID-19 period. Methods: Six electronic databases were systematically searched for articles from November 2019 to December 2020. Twenty-six observational studies and brief reports were included in the meta-analysis. Results: Overall, the prevalence of anxiety was greater than depression in both antenatal and postnatal periods, and the prevalence of depression was higher in the antenatal period than the postnatal period. The pooled prevalence for antenatal anxiety symptoms, antenatal depressive symptoms and postnatal depressive symptoms were 40% (95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.27–0.52), 27% (95% CI: 0.20–0.33) and 17% (95% CI: 0.10–0.24), respectively. Europe (56%, 95% CI: 0.28–0.85) had significantly higher prevalence of antenatal anxiety than Asia (16%, 95% CI: 0.09–0.23). Conclusions: The heightened prevalence of perinatal psychological disorders served as an impetus for healthcare professionals and policy makers to ramp up their support and mitigation strategies for pregnant women and mothers in times of health crisis.

scholarly journals The efficacy of antidepressants for generalized anxiety disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Schmitt ◽  
Fernando Kratz Gazalle ◽  
Maurício Silva de Lima ◽  
Ângelo Cunha ◽  
Juliano Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Number Needed To Treat ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Calculated Number

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and acceptability of antidepressants in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. METHODS: All randomized controlled trials assessing the use of antidepressants in generalized anxiety disorder up to may 2002 were included. Non randomized trials and those that included patients with both generalized anxiety disorder and another Axis I co-morbidity were excluded. Relative risks, weighted mean difference and number needed to treat were estimated. People who died or dropped out were regarded as having had no improvement. RESULTS: Antidepressants (imipramine, venlafaxine and paroxetine) were found to be superior to placebo in treating generalized anxiety disorder. The calculated number needed to treat for antidepressants in generalized anxiety disorder was 5.15. Dropout rates did not differ between antidepressants and placebo. CONCLUSION: The available evidence suggests that antidepressants would probably be a reasonable treatment for generalized anxiety disorder patients in the clinical context.

scholarly journals Rates of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms among Female Undergraduate Medical Students at National Medical College and Teaching Hospital

2019 ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Sandesh Sawant ◽  
Garima Tripathi ◽  
Tripti Pal Raman
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Family History ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
The Mean

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Literature states that Depression and anxiety symptoms carry impairment to medical students, including poor academic performance, drop out, substance abuse and suicide. A high prevalence of anxiety and depression among medical students has been reported worldwide. Higher prevalence is noticed among female students.</p><p><strong>Aim/Objectives: </strong>To study rates of anxiety and depressive symptoms among female undergraduate medical students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study is a cross-sectional study. The purposive sampling method was used. Duration of study was 6 months. A total number of participants’ were 100. Self-developed questionnaire and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale were used. </p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings showed that the mean score of anxiety symptoms was 8.08 (SD± 4.07). Similarly, the mean score of Depressive symptoms was 4.99(SD± 3.28). Fifty-two per cent of the students rated anxiety symptoms and 25% of the student rated depressive symptoms between borderline to the abnormal range. Total 9% of the students reported that they have a family history of mental illness among which 8% reported borderline to an abnormal range of anxiety however 52 % who had no family history also scored the same range. Similarly, 17% of the students reported there were life events which were stressful among which 13% scored borderline to abnormal range anxiety symptoms. Likewise, only 5% of the students scored borderline to the abnormal range of depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was observed that female undergraduate medical students experience both anxiety and depressive symptoms however the percentage of depressive symptoms were less compared to anxiety symptoms. Further studies are required to evaluate the associated factors responsible for depressive and anxiety symptoms.</p>

Anxiety and depression prevalence in digestive cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2021-003275
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zamani ◽  
Shaghayegh Alizadeh-Tabari
Keyword(s):  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Hepatic Cancer ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Digestive Cancers ◽  
Gi Cancers

BackgroundCancers of the digestive system can be associated with disturbing and disabling symptoms, which can contribute to a negative psychological pressure on patients.AimTo investigate the reported prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with major digestive cancers, including oesophageal, gastric, colorectal, pancreatic or hepatic cancers.MethodsWe searched Embase, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science for articles published from inception to December 2020. We included studies reporting the prevalence of anxiety or depression symptoms using validated questionnaires in adult patients (≥18 years).ResultsIn total, 51 eligible papers were finally included. Overall, the pooled prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 20.4% (95% CI 17% to 23.8%). The estimate in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers was 19.1% and in patients with hepatic cancer was 29.1%. Among GI cancers, the highest pooled prevalence of anxiety symptoms related to oesophageal cancer (20.6%), while the lowest pooled prevalence pertained to gastric cancer (18.7%). Regarding depression symptoms, the overall pooled prevalence was 30.2% (95% CI 24.3% to 36.1%). The estimate in patients with GI cancers was 31% and in patients with hepatic cancer was 21.5%. Among GI cancers, the highest pooled prevalence of depression symptoms related to oesophageal cancer (45.2%), while the lowest pooled prevalence pertained to colorectal cancer (22.9%).ConclusionA considerable prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms is observed in patients with digestive cancers. Screening and preventive measures with early management of these psychological problems by clinicians could possibly improve outcomes for these patients.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020210079.

scholarly journals THE EARLY BIRD GETS THE WORM, NOT ANXIETY OR DEPRESSION: HOW INSOMNIA SYMPTOMS PREDICT ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S45-S45
Author(s):  
Courtney J Bolstad ◽  
Anisha L Thomas ◽  
Michael R Nadorff
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Early Bird ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Abstract Symptoms of insomnia are associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety in older adults, yet less is known about the impact of specific forms of insomnia (i.e. onset, maintenance, and terminal insomnia). We explored how insomnia type predicted symptoms of anxiety and depression in older adults (n = 133; mean age 69, range 65-89). We hypothesized that onset and maintenance insomnia would have stronger relations to depression and anxiety than terminal insomnia. Regression analyses indicated that onset insomnia was the only significant predictor of anxiety symptoms, and maintenance was the only significant predictor of depressive symptoms. Thus, our findings suggest that despite overlap between depression and anxiety, insomnia may have different mechanisms of affecting each disorder. Implications for the treatment of anxiety and depressive symptoms by addressing insomnia problems will be discussed.

scholarly journals DON’T WORRY, BE HAPPY NOW, PET OWNERS: THE RELATION BETWEEN PET OWNERSHIP AND ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN LATE LIFE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S165-S165
Author(s):  
Courtney J Bolstad ◽  
Carolyn E Adams-Price ◽  
Michael R Nadorff
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pet Ownership ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
Reported Health

Abstract Pets can provide older adults a means of social support, which can combat problems faced in later life including loneliness, anxiety, and depression. However, current research findings in this area are mixed. The current study explored the differences in anxiety and depression between pet owners and non-pet owners and how pet ownership was associated with these symptoms after accounting for other established correlates. We hypothesized pet owners would endorse fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression than non-pet owners and owning a pet would be associated with these symptoms even after accounting for other common correlates. Participants included 608 older adults aged 70 to 95 that were included in the University of Alabama at Birmingham Study of Aging. As hypothesized, results indicated that pet owners endorsed significantly fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression than non-pet owners. Hierarchical regressions indicated that owning a pet explained a significant amount of variance in anxiety symptoms even after controlling for depression, self-reported health, and demographics. However, owning a pet did not have a significant association with depressive symptoms after accounting for anxiety, self-reported health, and demographics. These results suggest that lower rates of anxiety and depression are related to owning a pet and that pet ownership is associated with fewer anxiety symptoms, but not depressive symptoms, independent of several established correlates of anxiety. Future research is needed to determine the specific mechanisms of pet ownership that comprise this relationship as well as whether pet ownership may longitudinally reduce or buffer against anxiety in late life.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Anxiety and Depression in Youth With Epilepsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia J Scott ◽  
Louise Sharpe ◽  
Max Loomes ◽  
Milena Gandy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide an estimate of the prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders in youth with epilepsy (YWE). It also aimed to calculate the overall magnitude of observed differences in anxiety and depressive symptoms reported by YWE compared with healthy controls and investigate whether any factors moderated anxiety and depression outcomes in YWE. Methods Following prospective registration, electronic databases were searched up until October 2018. Studies were included if they reported on the rate of anxiety or depression in samples of YWE, and/or if they used valid measures of anxious or depressive symptomatology in YWE compared with a healthy control sample. Results Twenty-three studies met inclusion criteria. The overall pooled prevalence of anxiety disorders in YWE was 18.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.0%–28.5%), and for depression the pooled prevalence was 13.5% (95% CI 8.8%–20.2%). In samples of YWE compared with healthy controls, significantly higher anxiety (d = 0.57, 95% CI 0.32–0.83, p &lt; .000) and depressive (d = 0.42, 95% CI 0.16–0.68, p &lt; .000) symptomatology was reported. Conclusions YWE report anxiety and depressive disorders and symptoms to a significantly higher degree than youth without epilepsy. There is also evidence that certain anxiety disorders (e.g. generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder) are particularly elevated, perhaps reflecting the unique impact of epilepsy on youth psychopathology. Research is needed to understand the risk factors associated with anxiety and depressive disorders in epilepsy, and better understand how these symptoms change across development.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression in Newly Diagnosed Epilepsy: A Matter of Psychological History?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natacha Forthoffer ◽  
Alexis Tarrada ◽  
Hélène Brissart ◽  
Louis Maillard ◽  
Coraline Hingray
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

Purpose: Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent in patients with epilepsy (PWE), and these symptoms can even precede the onset of the pathology. We aimed to define the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms at the time of the epilepsy diagnosis and the factors related to their presence in newly diagnosed adult patients.Methods: One hundred and twelve newly diagnosed patients were assessed, usually in the week after diagnosis. Patients were untreated at this time. We used the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E, cut-off ≥15) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item scale (GAD-7, cut-off &gt;7). A semi-structured interview was conducted to collect sociodemographic and epilepsy data and patients' psychiatric history. We first compared patients with and without anxiety symptoms, then patients with and without depressive symptoms.Results: According to the GAD-7 scale, the prevalence of anxiety symptoms at the time of diagnosis was 35%. Patients with anxiety symptoms had significantly more psychiatric history (26%, p = 0.001) and more history of psychological trauma (51%, p = 0.003) than patients with no anxiety symptoms. According to the NDDI-E scores, the prevalence of depressive symptoms at the time of the diagnosis was 11%. Patients with depressive symptoms had significantly more psychiatric history (43%, p &lt; 0.001) and more history of psychological trauma (65%, p = 0.007) than patients with no depressive symptoms. No difference between groups was found for other sociodemographic variables (age and gender), epilepsy characteristics (number of seizures prior to diagnosis, time from first seizure to diagnosis, type of epilepsy, and localization in focal epilepsy), or neurological comorbidities.Conclusions: Anxiety symptoms are common whereas depressive symptoms are less prevalent at the time of diagnosis. It appears essential to be aware of anxiety and depression in newly diagnosed epileptic patients. They should be screened and routinely monitored, especially those patients with a history of psychological trauma and/or psychiatric disorders. Longitudinal follow-up is required to identify whether these factors and anxiety and depression themselves have an impact on the future course of care.

scholarly journals Effect of Anxiety and Depression on Survival of Cancer Patients, a 13 Year Follow-up

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Suriati Mohamed Saini ◽  
Susan Tan Mooi Koon ◽  
Mohamad Adam Bujang ◽  
Gerard Lim Chin Chye ◽  
Shalisah Sharip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction: Anxiety and depression occur at a high rate in cancer patients. However, debate remains regarding the effect of anxiety and depression on cancer survival. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of anxiety and depressive symptoms on the survival of cancer patients. Methods: The subjects consisted of 112 cancer patients who attended the Oncology and Radiotherapy outpatient clinic Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in 1999. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire at inception. Information on patients’ mortality status for extended 13 years follow-up (in 2011) was obtained from the National Registration Department death records. Overall survival for each anxiety and depressive symptoms scores in HADS at 13 years was calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: Cancer patients experienced more anxiety (83%) compared to depressive symptoms (40.2%). The mean (S.D.) HADS scores for depressive symptoms were 9.9 (2.5), and the anxiety symptoms score was 12.6 (2.1). At 13 years, half of the patients (50.9%) had died. No significant effect of anxiety (p=0.399, 95% C.I.= 6.2-8.4) or depressive symptoms at inception (p=0.749, 95% C.I.= 5.9-8.4) towards cancer patients’ survival was found at 13 years follow-up. Conclusion: The occurrence of anxiety symptoms among cancer patients in this study was 2-folds higher than depressive symptoms. However, no significant increased risk of death was found in cancer patients with anxiety or depressive symptoms at 13 years follow-up. It may imply that as time extended, survival in cancer patients may be related to various interacting elements, and intervening health factors are of importance.

scholarly journals Internet and Computer-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety and Depression in Adolescents and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

10.2196/17831 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. e17831
Author(s):  
Carolien Christ ◽  
Maria JE Schouten ◽  
Matthijs Blankers ◽  
Digna JF van Schaik ◽  
Aartjan TF Beekman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Active Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Background Anxiety and depressive disorders are prevalent in adolescents and young adults. However, most young people with mental health problems do not receive treatment. Computerized cognitive behavior therapy (cCBT) may provide an accessible alternative to face-to-face treatment, but the evidence base in young people is limited. Objective The objective was to perform an up-to-date comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of cCBT in treating anxiety and depression in adolescents and young adults compared with active treatment and passive controls. We aimed to examine posttreatment and follow-up effects and explore the moderators of treatment effects. Methods We conducted systematic searches in the following six electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We included randomized controlled trials comparing cCBT with any control group in adolescents or young adults (age 12-25 years) with anxiety or depressive symptoms. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials, version 2.0. Overall quality of evidence for each outcome was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Posttreatment means and SDs were compared between intervention and control groups, and pooled effect sizes (Hedges g) were calculated. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore whether age, guidance level, and adherence rate were associated with treatment outcome. Results The search identified 7670 papers, of which 24 studies met the inclusion criteria. Most included studies (22/24) had a high risk of bias owing to self-report measures and/or inappropriate handling of missing data. Compared with passive controls, cCBT yielded small to medium posttreatment pooled effect sizes regarding depressive symptoms (g=0.51, 95% CI 0.30-0.72, number needed to treat [NNT]=3.55) and anxiety symptoms (g=0.44, 95% CI 0.23-0.65, NNT=4.10). cCBT yielded effects similar to those of active treatment controls regarding anxiety symptoms (g=0.04, 95% CI −0.23 to 0.31). For depressive symptoms, the nonsignificant pooled effect size favored active treatment controls (g=−0.70, 95% CI −1.51 to 0.11, P=.09), but heterogeneity was very high (I2=90.63%). No moderators of treatment effects were identified. At long-term follow-up, cCBT yielded a small pooled effect size regarding depressive symptoms compared with passive controls (g=0.27, 95% CI 0.09-0.45, NNT=6.58). No other follow-up effects were found; however, power was limited owing to the small number of studies. Conclusions cCBT is beneficial for reducing posttreatment anxiety and depressive symptoms in adolescents and young adults compared with passive controls. Compared with active treatment controls, cCBT yielded similar effects regarding anxiety symptoms. Regarding depressive symptoms, however, the results remain unclear. More high-quality research involving active controls and long-term follow-up assessments is needed in this population. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42019119725; https://tinyurl.com/y5acfgd9.

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