Cooperation For Survival: Western Interests v. SADCC

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Carol B. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita

Every year statistics seem to demonstrate another decline in the quality of life in Southern Africa. The annual growth rate per capita of agricultural production in the region deteriorated to -1.04 percent from 1978-85. In March 1987, UNICEF reported that every four minutes a child under 5 years dies in Angola and Mozambique, the highest death rate among children in the world. International agencies like UNICEF now cite the major cause of this devastation: war waged by South Africa against its neighbors.

scholarly journals Standard of living, quality of life and per capita GDP: a South African experience

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 882-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Tabani Mpofu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Per Capita

This study looked at the phenomenon of the quality of life (QoL) as measured by the Human Development Index (HDI), which is a composite statistic used to rank countries by the level of “human development”. Measuring and determining what is QoL is not an easy task. In this study, using HDI as the yardstick for QoL, the concepts of standard of living and per capita income were examined closely in relation to the role of government in its public expenditure programmes and how these programmes in turn influenced QoL. This research question was seen as the key to addressing the phenomenon of QoL. In particular, the role of government expenditure on health and education seems to signify the commitment of a government in improving the HDI or QoL. Using data on government expenditure of South Africa for the period 1995 to 2011, the relationships amongst these variables were examined. The findings indicate that there seems to be a significant correlation between HDI and government spending on health and education as a percentage of GDP, but there seems to be of no significance to include the variable government spending on health and education as a percentage of total government spending. The findings tell us that between 1995 and 2011, government spending on education as a percentage of GDP has had a positive impact on HDI. However, government spending on health as a percentage of GDP has had a retarding effect as shown by the negative coefficient of variation. It then implies that for South Africa to realize the MDG goals and improve on the HDI, public spending on health as a percentage of GDP needs to be significantly increased.

scholarly journals Importance of Human Development and Challenges

2021 ◽  
pp. 152-159
Author(s):  
Truc Nhan ◽  
Dao ba Loc
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Policy Suggestions ◽  
The World

Vietnam has achieved many achievements in human development, which is reflected in the increase in HDI rankings, increase in component indexes as well as HDI value, the growth rate of HDI among the highest in the world but there are many challenges that Vietnam needs to overcome to get higher HDI. This research collected and analyzed secondary data to analyze, compare and evaluate data on HDI, IHDI, inequality, gender gap, disparities in regions and people groups and some other related indicators to indicate Viet Nam's achievements in human development since 1990, and more importantly, the study identified challenges in gender gaps, disparities in regions and people groups. In order to overcome these challenges and increase HDI much more, based on the analysis of the state of Vietnam's human development and its challenges, the study proposed some policy suggestions such as: (1) Closing the gender gap in education and labor participation; (2) Reducing disparities among regions and population groups; (3). Improving the access ability to education and health care for the poor; (4) Improving people's income and quality of life.

Capitalism, Socialism, and the Physical Quality of Life

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Cereseto ◽  
Howard Waitzkin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Adult Literacy ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Crude Birth Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
The World

This study compared capitalist and socialist countries in measures of the physical quality of life (PQL), taking into account the level of economic development. The World Bank was the principal source of statistical data, which pertained to 123 countries and approximately 97 percent of the world's population. PQL variables included (1) indicators of health, health services, demographic conditions, and nutrition (infant mortality rate, child death rate, life expectancy, crude death rate, crude birth rate, population per physician, population per nursing person, and daily per capita calorie supply); (2) measures of education (adult literacy rate, enrollment in secondary education, and enrollment in higher education); and (3) a composite PQL index. All PQL measures improved as economic development increased. In 30 of 36 comparisons between countries at similar levels of economic development, socialist countries showed more favorable PQL outcomes (p < .05 by two-tailed t-test). This work with the World Bank's raw data included cross-tabulations, analysis of variance, and regression techniques, which all confirmed the same conclusions. The data indicated that the socialist countries generally have achieved better PQL outcomes than the capitalist countries at equivalent levels of economic development.

scholarly journals Where does the money go? A peregrination of government spending in South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Raphael Mpofu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Education Expenditure ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Per Capita

The study looked at the relationship between GDP per capita and health expenditure per capita as well as that of GDP per capita and education expenditure per capita in South Africa between 1994 and 2012. Adolph Wagner’s “Law” proposes that a state will increase its government expenditure relatively to the national income (Henrekson, 1993). Any change in the amount of health expenditure will influence the per capita health expenditure in a country. In this study, using the Human Development Index (HDI) as the yardstick for Quality of Life (QoL), the concepts of Standard of Living (SoL) and per capita income were examined closely in relation to the role of government in its public expenditure programmes and how these programmes in turn influenced QoL. In particular, the role of government expenditure on health and education seems to signify the commitment of a government in improving the HDI or QoL. Using data on government expenditure in South, the relationships amongst these variables were examined. Since Quality of Life is related to health expenditure per capita, then QoL too should change as government health expenditure increases. The same is expected of an increase in education expenditure. From the study results, it is clear that total tax revenue has increased sharply since 2000 and at a much faster rate than its contribution to GDP but the government deficit has also burgeoned in tandem with government revenue collection as if in tango. The reality is that government expenditure has increased sharply since 1993 but has this been directed at QoL? Public service protests tell a different story. The departments of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs and the Police seem to be receiving the largest revenue votes, raising the question of whether there is real value added and whether this expenditure is warrantied in terms of SoL.

scholarly journals Conserving one earth -a look at world conservation

Koedoe ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Vollmar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
South Africa ◽  
National Parks ◽  
50Th Anniversary ◽  
Great Pleasure ◽  
World Conservation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

It is a great pleasure to join in this symposium held on the occasion of the 50th Anniversary of the National Parks Board of South Africa. I am deeply honoured to have been entrusted with presenting the Keynote Address to the symposium, which brings together those responsible for conservation in southern Africa, and I come here representing both the World Wildlife Fund and its sister organisation IUCN, the Interna- tional Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Having considered contents of the programme before us, I have felt it appropriate to talk on the subject of "Conserving One Earth". First I wish to look at our Earth as we find it today and then discuss the role of conservation both as a tool for wise development and in ensuring that wild things and wild places can continue to contribute to our quality of life.

scholarly journals Are State-Ranking Indicators Correlated with State Economic Performance?

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hsing ◽  
Michael C. Budden
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gross State Product ◽  
Civilian Employment ◽  
Per Capita

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 11pt; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt; mso-pagination: none; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">A variety of rankings appear regularly in the popular press.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Such rankings purport to indicate livability, economic well-being, crime propensity, obesity, and business climate, to name a few.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>An investigation was conducted to assess whether state-ranking indicators developed by Forbes would be correlated with overall economic performance. We find that labor and quality of life have relatively high correlation with per capita gross state product; that business costs, the economic climate, and quality of life are well correlated with the unemployment rate; and the negative impact of high business costs on the growth rate of civilian employment is relatively high. The correlation coefficient between business costs and per capita gross state product has an unexpected sign. Growth prospects exhibit little correlation with state overall economic performance. The relatively low correlation coefficient between overall ranking and per capita gross state product or the growth rate of civilian employment suggests that it is not a good predictor for state workforce productivity or employment growth. </span></span></p>

scholarly journals Standard of Living & Quality of Life Relies on Innovation: Innovation Relies on Engineering Design

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Ruth ◽  
Warren Stiver
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
World Population ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita

Quality of life has advanced since the industrial revolution and this advancement has accelerated with the information revolution. Life expectancy has increased, catalytic converters protect our air, a disabled athlete runs with the fastest runners in the world1, and global real GDP per capita has grown by a factor of 2.5 over the past 50 years2. This quality of life advancement is the result of continuous innovation. In today’s global economy, innovation is essential for Canada to compete (even to participate) and to continue advancing our quality of life. Collective global innovation has never been more critical. World population growth (7 billion and counting), diminishing non-renewable resources (oil and beyond) and escalating environmental challenges (climate change and pollution) all require global scale innovations or our collective quality of life will not be sustained. Canadians have contributed much to the world including the telephone and smartphone, CANDU® reactors, snowmobiles, IMAX®, and the pacemaker. However, over the last number of years, there have been multiple reports critical of Canada’s capacity for technological innovation3 and studies that offer strategies for improvement.4 While it is true that innovation is essential to the future of both Canada and the world, innovation is only a means to an end and it is incumbent on us to define the desired ends. Innovation can be a means to a higher quality of life and a more sustainable future for generations to come or it can simply be a means to increase the financial prosperity of the nation. To achieve the ends we value, it is essential to measure innovation in terms of these ends, not in terms of subtle differences in the rate of change in the GDP per capita. Are our innovations leading to cleaner water for all, a healthier and complete diet for all, and meaningful employment for all?

Correction of functional constipation in patients with limited mobility after stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
M. S. Turchina ◽  
M. V. Bukreeva ◽  
L. Yu. Korolyova ◽  
Zh. E. Annenkova ◽  
L. G. Polyakov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Complete Restoration ◽  
The World

Currently, the problem of early rehabilitation of stroke patients is important, since in terms of the prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases and disability after suffering a stroke, Russia is one of the first places in the world. The complex of medical rehabilitation of such patients should provide for the early and most complete restoration of all body functions, patient education for lost skills, re-socialization of the patient and improvement of the quality of life. One of the factors contributing to a significant reduction in the quality of life after a stroke is the development of chronic constipation. The article reflects the modern methods of correction of chronic constipation in patients with limited mobility.

Effect of Fluoride Mouthwash in Iranian Schools: Treatment or Exacerbation of the Disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Insufficient Attention ◽  
The World

Dental and oral health is an important part that plays a significant role in the quality of life of people in our society, especially children, but due to insufficient attention, tooth decay in the world is increasing every year. Promoting oral hygiene requires the people's easy access to primary oral health care and the use of these services should be classified.

India as a Hub of Innovations for the Millions (I4M)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Young People ◽  
New Products ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Base Of The Pyramid ◽  
Large Economy ◽  
The World

This chapter deals with Indian ‘innovations for the millions’ (I4M)—new products, processes, and institutional arrangements—that sustainably improve the quality of life of those at the base of the pyramid. Taking ten examples which originated from the private, public, NGO and cooperative sectors, the chapter suggests that these innovations are a response of the ‘elite of calling’ to the Indian paradox – high growth in a large economy, co-existing with a very large number at the base of the pyramid. The chapter argues that a more supportive ecosystem needs to be built to foster I4M, including reforms in regulation and taxation, and attracting bright young people. If that happens Indian I4M can serve billions at the base of the pyramid around the world.

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