Shasta ground sloth food habits, Rampart Cave, Arizona

Paleobiology ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Grand Canyon ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Phragmites Communis ◽  
Acacia Greggii ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Ephedra Nevadensis ◽  
Ground Sloth

The feces of the Shasta ground sloth (Nothrotheriops shastense), preserved by the arid climate of the lower Grand Canyon, were collected at various levels and examined by microhistological analyses to identify and quantify plant taxa in the diet. Over 500 pieces of different Shasta sloth coprolites were examined. Sloth dung from the nearby Muav Caves was examined and compared with that from Rampart Cave.Seventy-two genera of plants were identified in the sloth dung deposited discontinuously from over 40,000 to about 11,000 yr BP. The major plant taxa in the Rampart Cave sloth diets were desert globemallow (Sphaeralcea ambigua = 52%), Nevada mormontea (Ephedra nevadensis = 18%), saltbushes (Atriplex spp. = 7%), catclaw acacia (Acacia greggii = 6%), Cactaceae spp. (= 3%), common reed (Phragmites communis = 5%), and yucca (Yucca spp. = 2%).Six of the most abundant plants in sloth diets were collected in the environs of Rampart Cave and were analyzed for their energy, fiber and nutrient values. The simulated diets of Rampart Cave sloths averaged 1679 cal/g in digestible gross energy and 7.9% for digestible protein. Apart from a substantial increase in digestible energy and in mormontea there was no unusual change in the sloth diet immediately prior to the time of their extinction.The ecological role of Nothrotheriops shastense is less dramatically different from that of extant desert herbivores than was previously believed.

A scientific research study on the management of Manyasthamba (Cervical Spondylosis) with Nasya and Nasapana

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Unnikrishnan V S ◽  
Prashanth A S ◽  
Madhusudan Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Cervical Spondylosis ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Treatment Aspect

The science of life Ayurveda, not only deals with the prevention of diseases by maintaining health but also with the alleviation of diseases. In this ultra modern era due to change in lifestyles, sedentary works and food habits, people are unable to follow the Dinacharya and Ritucharya as explained in the classics, which may lead to different diseases. Due to improper postural habits, weight bearing and other unwholesome diets and habits there are higher the chances of discomfort and disease pertaining to spinal cord. Manyasthambha is one such condition that disturbs a big population due to today’s alterations in lifestyle. Here an effort is made to study and understand the role of Nasya Karma, Nasaapana and Shamanaushadhi like Vyoshadi Guggulu in the treatment aspect of this disease. Nasya Karma and Nasaapana provided highly significant results in all the symptoms of Manyasthambha. As per the clinical data, ‘Nasaapana is found to be more effective than Nasya Karma’. So it can be concluded that better results can be obtained with Shaddharana Yoga as Amapachana, Nasaapana with Mashabaladi Kwatha followed by Vyoshadi Guggulu as Shamanoushadhi.

Role of human environment factors in formation of food habits

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
D.K. Mukaneeva ◽  
A.V. Kontsevaya ◽  
A.A. Antsiferova ◽  
M.V. Popovich ◽  
O.M. Drapkina
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Environment Factors

Comments on the updated recommendations of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) for the treatment of gout. Lifestyle (part 2)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
M. S. Eliseev
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The One ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
First Time

Updated ACR recommendations for the treatment of gout concerning lifestyle are discussed. Factors related to a lifestyle, above all food habits, for many years were of leading importance in the treatment of patients with gout, even after application of effective drugs. The authors of the updated ACR recommendations for the first time offered to reconsider the role of environmental factors in the genesis of gout and objectively assess the possibility of its non-drug treatment. On the one hand, regardless of the activity of the disease, the need for restrictions of the alcohol, purine-rich products and fructose-containing beverages, as well as the decrease of body weight in obese patients and vitamin C usage unviability are confirmed. On the other hand, these recommendations are conditional. Their new version of ACR recommendations is significantly different from both its previous version and other international and national recommendations, including recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of gout used in the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Feed Utilisation Efficiency of Lupin Inclusion in Cobia: Role of Dietary Organic Selenium Supplementation

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Duc Pham ◽  
Ravi Fotedar ◽  
Chau Minh Nguyen ◽  
Muhammad Abu Bakar Siddik
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Feed Utilisation ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Utilisation Efficiency

The dietary selenium (Se) requirement has been determined for cobia Rachycentron canadum using purified diet; however, its role in the utilisation of plant-derived ingredients has not been evaluated in the species. Therefore, a 3 x 2 factorial experimental design involving three inclusion levels (0, 210 and 315 g/kg) of lupin Lupinus angustifolius kernel meal (LKM) and two concentrations (0 and 0.8 mg/kg) of Se was used to evaluate the effects of Se supplementation in conjunction with LKM on the growth, feed utilisation and physiological responses in the cobia. Six isonitrogenous (46.5 % crude protein) and isoenergetic (21 MJ/kg gross energy) diets were formulated and fed to cobia for 7 weeks in a flow-through seawater system. The results showed significant effects of Se supplementation and its interaction with dietary lupin on the growth and feed efficiency of cobia. Se supplementation significantly improved the growth and feed utilisation efficiency in cobia fed lupin-based diets. The nutrient digestibility of fish fed supplemental Se lupin-based diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed diets without Se supplementation at each inclusion level of LKM. There were no significant effects of dietary Se supplementation on the survival, muscle composition or muscle amino acids, whereas regression analysis indicated a positive linear relationship between tissue Se accumulation and dietary Se levels. An enhancement of haematological responses was also observed in cobia fed Se-supplemented diets. In summary, cobia fed lupin-based diets required higher dietary Se supplementation for higher feed utilisation efficiency than previously quantified for the casein-based diet.

scholarly journals Key bacterial families (Clostridiaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae and Bacteroidaceae) are related to the digestion of protein and energy in dogs

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma N. Bermingham ◽  
Paul Maclean ◽  
David G. Thomas ◽  
Nicholas J. Cave ◽  
Wayne Young
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Meat Diet ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Faecal Weight ◽  
Induced Changes

BackgroundMuch of the recent research in companion animal nutrition has focussed on understanding the role of diet on faecal microbiota composition. To date, diet-induced changes in faecal microbiota observed in humans and rodents have been extrapolated to pets in spite of their very different dietary and metabolic requirements. This lack of direct evidence means that the mechanisms by which microbiota influences health in dogs are poorly understood. We hypothesised that changes in faecal microbiota correlate with physiological parameters including apparent macronutrient digestibility.MethodsFifteen adult dogs were assigned to two diet groups, exclusively fed either a premium kibbled diet (kibble;K;n = 8) or a raw red meat diet (meat;M;n = 7) for nine weeks. Apparent digestibility of macronutrients (protein, fat, gross energy and dry matter), faecal weight, faecal health scores, faecal VFA concentrations and faecal microbial composition were determined. Datasets were integrated using mixOmics in R.ResultsFaecal weight and VFA levels were lower and the apparent digestibility of protein and energy were higher in dogs on the meat diet. Diet significantly affected 27 microbial families and 53 genera in the faeces. In particular, the abundances ofBacteriodes,Prevotella,PeptostreptococcusandFaecalibacteriumwere lower in dogs fed the meat diet, whereasFusobacterium,LactobacillusandClostridiumwere all more abundant.DiscussionOur results show clear associations of specific microbial taxa with diet composition. For example, Clostridiaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae and Bacteroidaceae were highly correlated to parameters such as protein and fat digestibility in the dog. By understanding the relationship between faecal microbiota and physiological parameters we will gain better insights into the effects of diet on the nutrition of our pets.

Food habits of the Crested Caracara (Caracara plancus) in the Andean Patagonia: the role of breeding constraints

2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Travaini ◽  
J.A. Donázar ◽  
O. Ceballos ◽  
F. Hiraldo
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Breeding Constraints

Timing of breeding, habitat preference and reproductive success of marsh harriers (Circus aeruginosus)

Biologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Němečková ◽  
Vojtěch Mrlík ◽  
Pavel Drozd
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Breeding Birds ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Phragmites Communis ◽  
Circus Aeruginosus ◽  
Heterogeneous Habitat ◽  
The Common

AbstractDuring 2002–2005 we analyzed Lack’s Hypothesis about the timing of the breeding of marsh harriers (Circus aeruginosus) in the Poodří to the breeding period and preference of heterogeneous habitat. An analysis of 43 nests revealed quantitative differences. Birds which started breeding earlier, reached significantly higher reproductive success than later breeding birds regardless of nesting habitat (P = 0.003, n nests = 43). Even when the birds invested into their offspring the same way, their breeding success was not always the same. When the females nested in the common reed (Phragmites communis), they reached higher reproductive output than females nesting in cattail (Typha sp.) (P = 0.01, n cattail = 18, n common reed = 25). The habitat of the common reed is characterized by higher and denser vegetation cover than cattail vegetation (P < 0.001, n measurements = 174 for both variables).

scholarly journals Role of Vamana Karma in the management of Urdhwaga Amlapitta.

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niraj N. Gupta ◽  
Savita A. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Ancient Text ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Group 16

            In present era, changes in life style and food habits leads to imbalance of sharirika doshas, as well as mansik doshas which is the cause for Amlapitta . Amlapitta is one of the most common disease seen in the society. In the ancient text books of Ayurveda it is described that irregular food and life style habits are the main causative factors for the disease. There are two types of Pitta, Prakruta and Vidagadha. The Rasa of Prakruta Pitta is Katu and Vidagdha Pitta is Amla. The Amla Guna of Pitta increases in its Vidagdha Avastha, which further leads to increase in its Drava Guna, thus resulting in Amlapitta. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the role of Vamana Karma in Urdhwaga Amlapitta. Method: A clinical study done on 90 patients of both sexes, between age group 16-60yeras were randomly selected. Madanaphala pippali churna along with Yashtimadhu phanta was administered for Vamana Karma. Vamana Karma was done in following order- Purvakarma, Pradhana and Paschata Karma. Assessment was done after completion of therapy. Result: By Vamana karma, kapha & pitta may expel out from amashaya (stomach) thereby uprooting pitta dosha. Significant improvement was observed in all the parameters like Amlodgar, Tiktodgar, Urahdaha, Kukshidaha, Kanthadaha, Hriddaha, Adhman, Gaurava. In all the patient percentage relief on symptoms has been observed. This shows that Vaman Karma is effective in Urdhwaga Amlapitta.

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