The Search for Modernity: Chinese Intellectual Discourse and Society, 1978–88-the Case of Li Zehou

1992 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 969-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Min
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Intellectual Discourse ◽  
Chinese Intellectual ◽  
Political Approach ◽  
Chinese Intellectuals ◽  
Intellectual Activities ◽  
The Relationship

The decade from 1978 to 1988 was a period of great social transformation in China. The pragmatic economic policies and comparatively relaxed political approach resulted in a less rigid and dogmatic atmosphere, providing a more liberal setting for cultural and intellectual activities. Chinese intellectuals directly participated in defining and developing the new social intersubjectivity and ideological discourse. In comparison with the first 30 years of the People's Republic, the role and functions of intellectuals between 1978 and 1988 became increasingly complex within a rapidly changing social context. The period also marks the development of a new pattern in the relationship between Chinese intellectuals and the state, which was no longer based on the total submission of the former to the latter.

The Intellectual and the State: Social Dynamics of Intellectual Autonomy During the Post-Mao Era

1991 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 569-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Bonnin ◽  
Yves Chevrier
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
The State ◽  
Communist State ◽  
Intellectual Autonomy ◽  
Chinese Intellectual ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mao Era

The relationship between the Chinese intellectual and the communist state experienced some significant changes during the 1980s, although some of the basic patterns established since the 1930s and 1940s were not altered. This contrast is in line with the overall impact of Deng Xiaoping's limited reforms, which gave more room, and more weight, to society vis-à-vis the state, while the basic structures of the latter were left untouched. Social change was the new element which allowed the intellectuals to enjoy more autonomy in organizing their associations and in articulating new ideas. The intellectual with an autonomous base in a more autonomous society emerged from the prevalent pattern of technocratic intellectuals operating within the state framework, a state whose totalitarian scope had deprived them of any social base.

Mapping the State

Kropotkin ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Kinna
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
International System ◽  
The State ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Explanatory Account ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
West European

This chapter outlines three parallel accounts of the state that Kropotkin developed in the 1870s and 1880s as an anarchist critic of Tsarism. The first was an explanatory account for West European audiences and it described the iniquities of the Tsarist regime, and the social, economic and political problems that Russian revolutionaries were attempting to address. The second was a general anarchist critique that probed ideas of class and slavery and set out the reasons why constitutional solutions being proposed by radicals in Russia and elsewhere would fail to bring about social transformation. The third was an examination of the dynamics of change that drew directly on Kropotkin's understanding of geography. Kropotkin applied this to distinguish between nations and states and to develop ideas of colonisation, monopoly and a politics of anti-statecraft. By looking at the dynamics of the state, Kropotkin also explored the relationship between the state and capitalism and the power relationships of the international system. This analysis led him to identify Germany as the central power in Europe.

Intellectual Activism in China During the 1940s: Wu Han in the United Front and the Democratic League`

1993 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 27-55
Author(s):  
Mary G. Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Concern ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Politically Active

The relationship of the intellectual in China to society and state has been a complex problem throughout this century. An individual's relationship to the state in China is influenced by separate – and often contradictory – sources from within their individual social context, and from traditional political culture. Not the least of these influences was the ancient moral responsibility of the literati to critically advise the emperor on the rule of the country. During the unrelenting crises of the 1940s, people had heightened political concern, and many became politically active. Even those formerly aloof from politics became involved for the first time.

Citizenship's Place: The State's Creation of Public Space and Street Vendors' Culture of Informality in Bogotá, Colombia

10.1068/d1806 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
The State ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Failed State ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Citizen Education ◽  
Regulated Markets ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Privileged Site

In this paper I seek to move beyond understandings of Colombia as a failed state or qualified democracy by exploring how the state continues to govern despite widespread shortcomings. I argue that two technologies of governance are central to contemporary rule in Colombia: state fragmentation and citizen education. These technologies are exemplified by the recovery of public space from street vendors in order to preserve it as a privileged site for citizenship. This process is made possible by the proliferation of state agencies, policies, and plans which define the problem of public space as one of its invasion by ambulant vendors, and the solution to this invasion as the relocation of vendors to spatially marginalized and state-regulated markets where they are taught to overcome their ‘culture of informality’ by participating in political and economic transactions in state-prescribed ways. I argue that the recovery of public space and relocation of street vendors is a spatial technology of governance that codes structural inequalities as a question of culture while producing new forms of segregation in which citizens and street vendors have differentiated places and rights to mobility. This study analyzes the relationship between state and citizen construction while considering the pedagogical work implicated in the resilience of both democracy and neoliberal economic policies.

Room to Maneuver in the Middle: Local Elites, Political Action, and the State in India

1991 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subrata Kumar Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Political Action ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Protest Movements ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The intuitively plausible relationship between protest behavior and political instability is empirically supported by a large number of studies. Statistical evidence in support of this conjecture is provided by the correlation between indicators of protest behavior such as the presence of extremist parties and groups or the salience of an antisystem dimension and the rapid rise and fall of governments. The theories of writers such as Huntington, Gurr, and Davies suggest that when social and political mobility overtake the rate of economic growth, die result is radical challenge to the system by extremist parties and protest movements, leading to political instability and the loss of legitimacy. The main argument of this article is that the relationship between protest behavior and legitimacy may be more complicated than that, particularly when state responsiveness under the impact of popular protest and redistributive economic policies is seen as an intervening factor. By drawing on a survey of localelites in India, the article shows that certain forms of protest behavior, used in conjunction with conventional forms of participation such as contacting bureaucrats and political leaders at higher levels, might actually contribute to greater legitimacy of the state by providing an alternative channel of participation, extending the political agenda, and contributing to the recruitment of new and previously powerless social forces.

scholarly journals Social Economy Futures

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ McMurtry
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Community Action ◽  
The State ◽  
Autonomous Community ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ongoing Dialogue ◽  
Key Questions

This brief article explores two key questions that have emerged for the social economy in the COVID-19 context: 1) the nature of the relationship between social economy actors and the State, and 2) the possibility for social transformation going forward. This article engages with a dialogue entitled “Autonomous Community Action and Its Transformational Potential at a Territorial Level: An Ongoing Dialogue Between Research and Practice.” RÉSUMÉCe bref article explore deux questions clés pour l’économie sociale soulevées dans le contexte du COVID-19 : 1) la nature du rapport entre l’État et les acteurs de l’économie sociale, et 2) la possibilité de transformations sociales pour l’avenir. Cet article se fonde sur un dialogue intitulé « L’action communautaire autonome et son potentiel transformationnel dans les territoires : un dialogue en cours entre les milieux de la recherche et de la pratique. »

scholarly journals BELIEFS AND DISBELIEFS TOWARDS EDUCATION: CASE STUDY WITH GRADUATES WHO DID NOT CHOSE TEACHING AS A PROFESSION

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (26) ◽  
pp. 281-302
Author(s):  
Deise Nivia Reisdoefer ◽  
Cintia Schneider ◽  
Valderez Marina do Rosário Lima ◽  
Rosana Maria Gessinger
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Teaching Career ◽  
Teaching Institution ◽  
The Family ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
The Relationship

This paper is the result of a research carried out with 13 graduates of a Mathematics Degree course of a Federal Teaching Institution that did not choose teaching as a profession when graduation. Its purpose is to understand the beliefs and disbeliefs in relation to the Education of these graduates and also to know some of the (dis) motivations that led them to give up teaching as soon as they finished their degree. Of qualitative nature, the type of research was characterized as Case Study and the analyzes occurred through the Discursive Textual Analysis, giving rise to six categories: internal school processes; To overcome the traditional method of teaching; The relationships between the school and the family; The relationship between school and society; The devaluation of the state; And the hope of transformation through Education. The analyzes of the emerging categories of the answers allow to realize that the disbeliefs surpass the beliefs, which suggests to be one of the factors that collaborate for the abandonment of the teaching career soon after the conclusion of the degree. However, despite the exposed disbeliefs, the Egresses still show hope that Education is a source of social transformation.

Emotion Appraisals Predict Neuroticism and Extraversion

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Andrew Comensoli ◽  
Carolyn MacCann
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
The State ◽  
The Relationship

The current study proposes and refines the Appraisals in Personality (AIP) model in a multilevel investigation of whether appraisal dimensions of emotion predict differences in state neuroticism and extraversion. University students (N = 151) completed a five-factor measure of trait personality, and retrospectively reported seven situations from the previous week, giving state personality and appraisal ratings for each situation. Results indicated that: (a) trait neuroticism and extraversion predicted average levels of state neuroticism and extraversion respectively, and (b) five of the examined appraisal dimensions predicted one, or both of the state neuroticism and extraversion personality domains. However, trait personality did not moderate the relationship between appraisals and state personality. It is concluded that appraisal dimensions of emotion may provide a useful taxonomy for quantifying and comparing situations, and predicting state personality.

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