The effect of antisteroid antibodies upon the mating performance of early lambing mule ewes also treated with progestagen sponges and PMSG

1997 ◽  
Vol 1987 ◽  
pp. 24-24
Author(s):  
D.N. Logue ◽  
A. Gill ◽  
B.J. Keeling ◽  
M.E. King ◽  
G.J. Gunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Considerable Reduction ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Mating Performance ◽  
Reliable Increase

The importance of a high lambing percentage in early lambing flocks is well recognised as is the variability of the dose response to PMSG of early lambing ewes. It was hoped that the integration of the immunogen ovandrotone-albumin (Fecundin ® Coopers Animal Health) into such a system would give a reliable increase in ovulation rate without the danger of superovulation caused by higher doses of PMSG. Unfortunately, last year Logue, Gill and McClelland (1986) and Keeling, King and Gunn (1986) independently reported that although Fecundin treatment in early lambing flocks (using progestagen sponges with and without PMSG)gave an increased litter size over controls there was a considerable reduction infertility which negated this advantage. These groups employed a regime of a sensitising injection, a boosting injection 28-30 days later, and ram introduction to an induced oestrus after a further 28 days(i.e. a Boost Tupping Interval (BTI) of 28 days) for the second group and 35 days for the first.

scholarly journals Dosimetric Properties of the Newly Developed LiF:Mg,Cu,Si TL Material

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Rahman ◽  
J. I. Lee ◽  
J. L. Kim ◽  
G. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Energy Response ◽  
Energy Research ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Research Institute

The dosimetric properties of the newly developed thermoluminescence (TL) material (LiF:Mg,Cu,Si) at Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) were investigated. The energy response of the detector was performed for photon energies from 20 to 662 keV. The dose response for this TL material (LiF:Mg,Cu,Si) was linear up to 10 Gy and a sub-linear response was observed for higher doses. The reusability of this newly developed TL detector sufficiently satisfied IEC standards. Detection threshold of LiF:Mg,Cu,Si TL material was investigated and found to be 930 nGy by Harshaw 4500 TLD reader. © 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.11935        J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 25-31  (2013) 

The effects of dietary fibre and puberty induction method on ovarian activity of gilts

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 145-145
Author(s):  
V L Glasgow ◽  
A H Stewart ◽  
S A Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Induction Method ◽  
High Level

In commercial systems it is highly desirable that gilts are synchronised into a predictable first heat. The use of PMSG/hCG injections (PG 600) has met with some success inducing a synchronised fertile oestrus and slightly increased ovulation rate (Schilling and Cerne, 1972) in gilts and anoestrus sows. Diets containing a high proportion of dietary fibre may influence litter size in gilts (Stewart et al, 1995). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a high level of dietary fibre on oestrus expression and ovulation rate of gilts synchronised with exogenous gonadotrophins (PG600) or given daily boar stimulus.

THE ACCUMULATIVE EFFECT OF FINNSHEEP BREEDING IN CROSSBREEDING SCHEMES: REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMED H. FAHMY ◽  
JACQUES J. DUFOUR
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Size At Birth

Reproductive performance and body weight were studied on 361 ewes, representing Finnsheep (F), DLS (a population of 1/2 Dorset, 1/4 Leicester, 1/4 Suffolk) and seven combinations ranging from 1/8 to 7/8 Finnsheep breeding. Conception rate in yearlings was 61.5% for DLS compared to 89.0% for F with the crosses being intermediate. Conception rate in older ewes was similar in the different genetic groups (avg. 94%). Ovulation rate and litter size at birth of DLS ewes were 1.72 and 1.44 lambs, which was less than half those of F ewes (3.51 and 2.86 lambs, respectively). Both traits increased progressively with an increase in F breeding in crosses and with advances in age. DLS ewes weaned 1.22 lambs compared to 2.03 lambs for F ewes and 1.84 lambs for 4/8 F ewes. The heaviest litters at weaning (31.7 kg) were raised by 4/8 F ewes, followed by 7/8 F (30.8 kg) while those raised by DLS ewes weighed 23.0 kg and F ewes 29.1 kg. Percentage of ova lost per ewe mated averaged 24% and ranged between 18% (DLS and 1/8 F) and 29% (6/8 F). About 3.6% of lambs were born dead and a further 13.8% died before weaning. Preweaning mortality rate was highest in F (22.9%) and lowest in 3/8 F (9.4%). Average kilograms of lambs weaned per ewe exposed was highest in 4/8 F (27.6 kg) followed by F (26.0 kg), whereas that of DLS was the lowest at 18.1 kg. The 4/8 F cross showed 25% heterosis in kg of lambs weaned per ewe exposed and 52.5% increase over DLS. Significant positive linear regressions were calculated for ovulation rate, litter size and preweaning mortality rate on proportion of Finnsheep breeding in crosses. The relation was quadratic for percent ova lost and lamb mortality at weaning. Yearling DLS females weighted 36 kg compared to 44 kg for F yearlings. However, at 5 yr of age DLS ewes weighed 62 kg, 5 kg heavier than F ewes. The heaviest ewes at all ages were the 4/8 F (45 kg at 1 yr, 65 kg at 5 yr). Key words: Reproduction, DLS sheep, Finnsheep, crossbreeding, heterosis, repeatabilities

scholarly journals Active immunization against the proregions of GDF9 or BMP15 alters ovulation rate and litter size in mice

Reproduction ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Joy McIntosh ◽  
Steve Lawrence ◽  
Peter Smith ◽  
Jennifer L Juengel ◽  
Kenneth P McNatty
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Immunization Group

The transforming growth factor β (TGFB) superfamily proteins bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) and growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9), are essential for mammalian fertility. Recent in vitro evidence suggests that the proregions of mouse BMP15 and GDF9 interact with their mature proteins after secretion. In this study, we have actively immunized mice against these proregions to test the potential in vivo roles on fertility. Mice were immunized with either N- or C-terminus proregion peptides of BMP15 or GDF9, or a full-length GDF9 proregion protein, each conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). For each immunization group, ovaries were collected from ten mice for histology after immunization, while a further 20 mice were allowed to breed and litter sizes were counted. To link the ovulation and fertility data of these two experimental end points, mice were joined during the time period identified by histology as being the ovulatory period resulting in to the corpora lutea (CL) counted. Antibody titers in sera increased throughout the study period, with no cross-reactivity observed between BMP15 and GDF9 sera and antigens. Compared with KLH controls, mice immunized with the N-terminus BMP15 proregion peptide had ovaries with fewer CL (P<0.05) and produced smaller litters (P<0.05). In contrast, mice immunized with the full-length GDF9 proregion not only had more CL (P<0.01) but also had significantly smaller litter sizes (P<0.01). None of the treatments affected the number of antral follicles per ovary. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the proregions of BMP15 and GDF9, after secretion by the oocyte, have physiologically important roles in regulating ovulation rate and litter size in mice.

The effect of melatonin treatment during the seasonal anoestrus on the superovulatory response and embryo production of high-prolificacy Rasa Aragonesa ewes before culling

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 82-82
Author(s):  
F. Forcada ◽  
J.A. Abecia ◽  
J.A. Valares
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Melatonin Treatment ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Spring Equinox

The efficacy of melatonin implants inserted around the spring equinox to improve fertility and ovulation rate or litter size in Mediterranean ewes has been previously reported (Chemineau et al., 1996; Forcada et al., 2002a.), indicating the ability of the hormone to regulate the hypothalamic activity (Viguié et al., 1995). Moreover, a direct effect of melatonin on corpora lutea and embryonic development has been also reported (Wallace et al., 1988; Abecia et al., 2002). The use of prolific Rasa Aragonesa (RA) ewes (a Mediterranean breed) before culling as embryo donors has been previously tested in the breeding season (Forcada et al., 2002b.). The aim of this experiment was to improve embryo production during the seasonal anoestrus period in selected superovulated RA ewes at the end of their reproductive lives through the use of melatonin.

scholarly journals Litter size components traits in two Algerian rabbit lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Rafik Belabbas ◽  
Maria de la Luz García ◽  
Hacina AinBaziz ◽  
Ali Berbar ◽  
Maria José Argente
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Local Population ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Synthetic Line

<p>The aim of this study was to estimate the limiting litter size components in rabbit females from a Synthetic line (n=32) and a Local population (n=34). Ovulation rate, number of implanted and live embryos were counted by laparoscopy at 12 d after mating. Prolificacy (total newborn, number born alive and mortality) and embryonic, foetal and prenatal survival at day of birth of the 3<sup>rd</sup> gestation were measured. The analysed traits were body weight of the female at mating, ovulation rate, implanted, live and resorbed embryos, embryonic, foetal and prenatal survival, as well as total newborn, number born alive and mortality at birth. Synthetic line females had a higher ovulation rate compared to the Local population (11.03±0.23 vs. 8.41±0.23 corpora lutea; <em>P</em>&lt;0.0001). Synthetic line displayed a higher number of implanted embryos (10.00±0.25 vs. 7.85±0.25 embryos; <em>P</em>&lt;0.0001). No difference was found between groups for number of resorbed embryos. Similar embryonic, foetal and prenatal survival rates were reported between the Synthetic line and the Local population. Additionally, total newborn was higher in the Synthetic line than in the Local population (+1.46 kits; <em>P</em>&lt;0.05). A principal components analysis was performed. The first four principal components (PC) explained more than 90% of the total variation in both lines. Total newborn, number born alive and live embryos were the main variables defining the 1<sup>st</sup> PC. Resorbed embryos and foetal survival were located in the 2<sup>nd</sup> PC. Ovulation rate and embryonic survival were the predominant variables defining the 3<sup>rd</sup> PC. The body weight of females was located in the 4<sup>th</sup> PC. The phenotypic correlation between total newborn and its components were high and positive in both lines, except for ovulation rate and total newborn, where it was moderate in Synthetic line. In conclusion, the females from Synthetic line have a higher total newborn than those from Local population, as a consequence of a higher number of released oocytes and embryos that successfully reach implantation. However, a higher uterine crowding in Synthetic line seems to limit survival of foetuses that reach term of gestation, while ovulation rate is the principal limiting factor of total newborn in Local population.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluasi Produktivitas Domba Ekor Gemuk Berdasar Reproductive Rate

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Sigit Prastowo
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Variable Component

<p>Fat Tailed Sheep represent one of Indonesian livestock that having excellence of comparability with other ruminants livestock. The excellence is quickly adult, short of pregnant age, and has the nature of bearing twin, so if evaluated from development aspect will be very beneficial. Reproductive Rate (RR) is a mount of reproduction ability from a group of ewes. Reproductive Rate defined as amount of weaned lamb by ewe every year. Variable/component related to RR are litter size, lamb mortalities before weaning and lambing interval.</p><p>Litter size is general influenced by difference of breeds, age and sufficiency of nutrition. Litter size is peculiarly influenced by ovulation rate that determined by breed, age, nutrition and parity. Lamb age, litter size, birth weight, season, nutrition and parity are influenced lamb mortalities before weaning. Lambing interval determined by nutrition factor and management, which is matting pattern and lamb weaning.</p>

scholarly journals Components of litter size in mice after 110 generations of selection

Reproduction ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 587-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Holt ◽  
O Vangen ◽  
W Farstad
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
High Line ◽  
Line Selection ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Standard Deviations

The aim of the present study was to evaluate how ovulation rate and survival rate through pregnancy had been affected by more than 110 generations of upwards selection on litter size in mice. The mean number of pups born alive was 22 in the high line (selected line) and 11 in the control line (an increase in 2.6 standard deviations). Selection on litter size increased ovulation rate by 4.6 standard deviations, and it is suggested that selection also increased embryonic mortality in late pregnancy. Embryo survival from ovulation until birth was 66% in the selected line and 69% in the control line, and the observed loss in litter size from day 16 of pregnancy until birth was possibly higher in the high line compared with the control line. Selection for higher litter size has significantly increased body weight in both males and females, as the mean weight at mating for the females was 46 g in the high line and 33 g in the control line respectively.

Genetics of reproduction in the rabbit.

2021 ◽  
pp. 212-233
Author(s):  
Miriam Piles ◽  
Maria Antonia Santacreu ◽  
Agustin Blasco ◽  
Jun Pablo Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Genetic Determinism ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Fetal Survival

Abstract This chapter describes the genetic determinism of all traits involved in male and female reproductive performances in rabbits. All traits related to the underlying biological processes leading to the mating outcome, as well as some of its general features, such as the homogeneity of the reproductive performances, are considered (semen and ejaculate characteristics, ovulation rate, fertility, embryo survival, fetal survival and litter size). Different parameters of fertility and litter size are discussed, including the contribution of both sexes to each phase of the reproductive cycle.

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