Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum) Tolerance to Several Postemergence Herbicides

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew J. Lyon ◽  
David D. Baltensperger
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Yield Test ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

The tolerance of two proso millet cultivars to atrazine preemergence and postemergence applications of bromoxynil, clopyralid, dicamba, or metsulfuron plus amine formulations of 2,4-D was studied in the field. Proso millet grain yield, test weight, seed weight, moisture content, and plant height at harvest were not affected by any of the herbicide treatments, despite some early-season injury observed in 1990.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Agronomic Traits of 80 Accessions of Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) under Mediterranean Pedoclimatic Conditions

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 578
Author(s):  
Alessandro Calamai ◽  
Alberto Masoni ◽  
Lorenzo Marini ◽  
Matteo Dell’acqua ◽  
Paola Ganugi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
World Population ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Days To Maturity

The continuous increase in the world population and the associated food demands in the wake of climate change are pushing for the development and cultivation of climate-resilient crops that are able to efficiently use natural resources. Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) might be a promising candidate crop thanks to its heat stress resistance and its limited water demand. To date, one of the most important strategies to increase grain yield and to improve other agronomic important traits is through an efficient breeding program based on a wide genetic variability of parental germplasm. In this study, we evaluated the agronomical traits of a world collection of 80 P. miliaceum accessions. The entire collection was evaluated over a 2 year field experiment under Mediterranean pedoclimatic conditions, which exhibited a wide range of variability for plant height (25–111 cm), grain yield (842–3125 kg ha−1), total dry biomass (2767–10,627 kg ha−1), harvest index (HI; 0.25–0.35), Growing Degree Days (GDDs; 581–899), and days to maturity (80–111 d). A non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance (Np-MANOVA) analysis indicated that GDDs to flowering, grain yield, total dry biomass, days to maturity, plant height, and seed yield per plant were useful parameters to differentiate the germplasm accessions. High heritability (>0.60) was observed in both years for plant height, leaf number, basal tiller, seed yield per plant, 100-seed weight, GDDs to flowering, and days to maturity. Grain yield, total dry biomass, and HI reported moderate heritability (0.30–0.60). The findings reported in the present study may provide valuable information that could support researchers in breeding programs to develop high grain-yielding accessions.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis for grain yield, fodder yield and other agronomic traits in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1001-1005
Author(s):  
Sushil Kumar ◽  
Pooran Chand
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Standard Heterosis ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Forty five hybrids derived from a diallel mating design of ten parents and one standard check PUSA CHARI-121 were evaluated for general and specific combining ability effects and standard heterosis for grain yield/plant, dry fodder yield/plant, days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, number of leaves/plant, leaf length, leaf breadth and 100- seed weight of Sorghum bicolor. The mean square due to general and specific combining ability was significan for Days to 50% flowering, Days to maturity, Plant height (cm),No of Leaves/plant, Leaf length (cm), Leaf width (cm), seed yield/plant (g), Fodder yield/plant (q/ha) and 100-seed weight (g) for all the characters. Both additive and non additive genetic effects were present in the material under study. However the ratio of σ2gca/ σ2sca suggested that the preponderance of non additive gene action in expression of all the characters under study. Out of the nine parents PUSA CHARI-121, PANT CHARI-4, MP CHARI, PANT CHARI-6 and PANT CHARI-5 identified as good general combiner for grain yield/plant, dry fodder yield/plant and other agronomical traits. The hybrid HC-136 x PANT CHARI-4 and PANT CHARI-4 x PUSA CHARI-121 for grain yield/plant and hybrid MP CHARI x PANT CHARI-6, PANT CHARI-5 x SPV 1616 and HC-136 x PANT CHARI-4 for dry fodder yield/plant exhibited higher magnitude of positive significant specific combining ability effect with highest standard heterosis and per se performance. These hybrids were also found suitable for two or three yield contributing traits. In general, close association between specific combining ability effects and standard heterosis was observed among the best hybrids identified on the basis of specific combining ability effects for grain and dry fodder yield.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Performances of Cowpea (Vigna ungiculata) Genotypes in Agronomy Farm of Lamjung Campus

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-385
Author(s):  
Chandan Bhattarai ◽  
Dinesh Marasini ◽  
Prabin Dawadi ◽  
Sadkishya Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Cowpea Varieties ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
The Given

Seed to seed production experiments for cowpea (Vigna ungiculata) was conducted at Agronomy farm at IAAS Lamjung, and to compare production potentialities of given cowpea genotypes under the given sets of conditions. The treatment consists of two cowpea varieties viz. Prakash (Standard Check) and Malepatan (Local check) and four genotypes; IT 99K-573-2-1, IT 86F-2062-5, IT 93K-452-1, IT 98K-205-8. The experiment was conducted on RCBD design. .All other activities were carried out according to prepared working calendar almost from August 2016 to December 2016.  Data collection were done for pre-determined growth and other yield parameters and was analyzed using MSTAT. Major parameters were Grain yield, Seeds/plant, Pods/plant, plant height, pod length, harvest index and test weight. Result shows maximum grain yield and harvest index was found for Prakash (Standard Check).Plant height and Pods /Plant was found highest for IT 99K-573-2-1. Similarly highest seed weight was found for Prakash (Standard Check) and Seeds/Plant and Pod length was maximum for IT 86F-2062-5.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(3): 382-385

Wild-Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum) Control in Soybeans (Glycine max) With Postemergence Herbicides

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gordon Harvey ◽  
Donald J. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

Selective postemergence herbicides were applied broadcast to control wild-proso millet in soybeans early postemergence (early post), postemergence (post), and late postemergence (late post) when wild-proso millet was 2 to 8 cm tall, 3 to 15 cm tall, and 3 to 31 cm tall, respectively. CGA-82725, fluazifop, haloxyfop, and sethoxydim applied early post controlled 75% or less late-season wild-proso millet. Interrow cultivation following early post fluazifop applications improved wild-proso millet control and soybean yields. Higher rates of CGA-82725, haloxyfop, and sethoxydim applied post controlled 91 to 98% late-season millet, but resulting soybean yields were less than the hand-weeded check. Fenoxaprop, fluazifop, fluazifop-P, haloxyfop, quizalofop, and sethoxydim applied late post provided 93 to 99% late-season millet control and soybean yields equal to hand-weeded checks. Wild-proso millet emerging after early post or post herbicide applications contributed to reduced effectiveness from those treatments. However, most wild-proso millet emerged before late post applications and were controlled. Other herbicides including BAS-51702, clethodim, cloproxydim, and SC-1084 applied late post also controlled wild-proso millet in soybeans.

scholarly journals CORRELATIONS AMONG GRAIN YIELD, YIELD AND WEED ATTRIBUTES OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) AS INFLUENCED BY WEED CONTROL METHOD AND POULTRY MANURE RATE IN KANO STATE NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-284
Author(s):  
Dr. Muhammad Sani Garko ◽  
K. D. Dawaki ◽  
M. A. Yawale ◽  
I. B. Mohammed ◽  
A. Y. Yaroson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Direct Contribution ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Field trials were conducted during the rainy season of 2017 at Teaching and Research Farm of Bayero University and Kano State Livestock development Centre Dangora. To determine the magnitude and nature of the association between growth characters and grain yield of maize, as well as the percentage contribution of each of this independent variable on the dependant variable (yield).The trails consist of six weed control methods, three levels of poultry manure and three varieties of maize. The experiment was laid out in a split-split plot design with variety allocated to the main plot, poultry manure to the sub-plot while weed control method to the sub-sub plot, and was replicated three times.  Grain yield correlated positively and significantly with growth and yield characters evaluated while weed dry weight and weed index were highly negatively correlated. The direct and indirect contributions results indicate that plant height had the highest direct contribution at BUK and Dangora in 2016 and Doka 2017 while plant dry matter accumulation had the highest direct contribution at Dangora in 2017. Cob diameter had the least direct effect in the study; the highest indirect effect was from cob diameter through plant height. The percentage individual contribution to grain yield showed that plant height made the highest contribution at BUK and Dangora in 2016, while cob diameter at both locations and plant dry matter at Dangora resulted in the least contribution. The combined contribution of dry matter and 100-seed weight was the highest positive contribution at BUK and that of plant height via 100-seed weight all in 2016 while cob length via 100-seed weight made the least negative contribution at BUK.

scholarly journals Genetic Dissection of Yield Determinants in Advance Breeding Lines (ABLs) of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Irrigated Condition of Chhattisgarh, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
Pramod Noatia ◽  
Abhinav Sao ◽  
Ajay Tiwari ◽  
S. K. Nair ◽  
Deepak Gauraha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Recovery Percentage

The present study was undertaken to study the extent of genetic variability, character association and path analysis in 53 irrigated late duration breeding lines for 12 quantitative and 10 quality parameters. Analysis of variance revealed the presence of significant variation among the breeding lines for all the characters except for total tillers per plant, effective tillers per plant, spikelet fertility percentage and grain yield per plant. The highest magnitude of PCV and GCV were displayed by grain yield per plant followed by harvest index, filled spikelet per panicle and 1000 seed weight. The greater extent of heritability in broad sense were recorded for days to maturity, days to 50% flowering, 1000 seed weight, plant height, total spikelet per panicle, kernel length, kernel L:B ratio, grain length, head rice recovery percentage, amylose content, hulling and milling percentage. However, high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean were displayed by plant height, number of spikelet per panicle, filled spikelet per panicle,1000 seed weight, kernel length, kernel L:B ratio, grain length, head rice recovery percentage and amylose content. Grain yield per plant exhibited positive significant correlation with harvest index, effective tillers per plant, 1000 seed weight, spikelet fertility %, days to maturity and days to 50% flowering. Path analysis revealed direct effect on grain yield were exerted by days to 50% flowering followed by harvest index, 1000 seed weight, total tillers per plant, number of spikelet per plant, effective tillers per plant and plant height indicating their importance in rice breeding programs.

Postemergence-Directed Herbicides Control Wild-Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum) in Sweet Corn (Zea mays)

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 746-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig D. Kleppe ◽  
Robert G. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Corn Field ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

Thirty-six postemergence-directed (PDIR) herbicide treatments, applied with a precision PDIR sprayer, were evaluated for wild-proso millet (PANMI) control in sweet corn field trials in Wisconsin from 1987 to 1990. The performance of butylate and cyanazine (B + C), applied to suppress PANMI early in the season and to provide a height differential between corn and PANMI, greatly influenced PANMI control with PDIR treatments. PDIR treatments controlled PANMI greater than 90% when PANMI was effectively suppressed by B + C, but poor PANMI suppression reduced PDIR herbicide efficacy. Generally, PDIR treatments of paraquat or sethoxydim most effectively controlled PANMI. Paraquat alone at 545 g ha–1or combined with simazine or sethoxydim at 57 and 114 g ha–1, and sethoxydim at 170 and 227 g ha–1plus an adjuvant controlled PANMI greater than 95%. PDIR applications of ametryn, linuron, sethoxydim at 57 to 227 g ha–1alone, sethoxydim at less than 114 g ha–1plus an adjuvant, and sethoxydim at 114 g ha–1tank mixed with either of four other herbicides controlled less than 86% of PANMI. Tank mixing a photosynthetic inhibitor or sethoxydim with paraquat did not improve PANMI control compared with paraquat alone. PANMI control with sethoxydim plus an adjuvant at 114 g ha–1was similar to 227 g ha–1. There was no difference in PANMI control with sethoxydim applied with crop oil concentrate or BCH-815. With the exception of glyphosate at 318 g ha–1and sethoxydim at 227 g ha–1plus an adjuvant, PDIR treatments did not injure sweet corn in 1987, 1988, or 1990. However, sethoxydim in 1989 at all rates severely injured corn.

Effect of Preplant Tillage, Post-Plant Cultivation, and Herbicides on Weed Density in Corn (Zea mays)

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 728-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Corn Grain

A four-year experiment was conducted near Scottsbluff, NE to evaluate the effect of different methods of preplant tillage, post-plant cultivation, and herbicides on weed density and grain yield. Ridge-till enhanced the development of kochia and reduced the density of wild proso millet and common lambsquarters. Tandem disking increased longspine sandbur and redroot pigweed density whereas moldboard plowing increased common sunflower density. Cultivation reduced weed density 86% but weeds that remained after cultivation reduced corn grain yield by 40% as compared with a hand-weeded control. Weed control treatments that integrated cultivation and herbicides controlled a broader spectrum of weed species than cultivation or herbicide treatments alone.

scholarly journals On-farm Demonstration of Improved of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Highlands of Southwestern, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Mesfin Hailemariam ◽  
Mohammed Assen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Participatory pre-extension demonstration was taken in Dedo and Bedele woreda, in Jimma and Buno Bedele zone in two kebeles each in 2018 main cropping season. Data were collected 100 plants from the demonstration plots. From this study, the performance of three improved fababean and one local variety collected from the areas serves as a check were tested in 11 farmers demonstration plots in two districts of southwestern Ethiopia. From the agronomic traits includes: Days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), harvest index (%), 1000 seed weight and yield and yield Mean grain yield of the tested varieties ranged from 2200 Kg/ha for local variety, to 4370 Kg/ha for Dosha with overall mean value of 3450 Kg/ha. In addition, the highest agronomic performance was recorded for most agronomic traits. In terms of thousand seed weight, the variety Tumsa (805.80 g) score the highest next to Gora (896.60 g).The farmers preference selection and three development agents, 8 men and 5 women farmers evaluated the trial using plant earliness, biomass, seed size, number of branches per plant, plant height and the disease reaction are used as a criteria to select promising varieties Tumsa (23.00), Dosha (16.94) and Gora (16.83) scored up to three highest values, respectively. The lowest (8.96) was scored for the local variety. From agronomic data at two districts in participation of farmers, Dosha, Gora, Tumsa and local variety fababean varieties were given superior in grain yield respectively. The study also showed that Dosha superior in other agronomic traits except thousand seed weight and harvest index. From the farmer’s preference Tumsa, Dosha, Gora and local variety ranks up to fourth. Therefore, all the three improved varieties with their agronomic packages selected by farmers are recommended for Dedo and Bedele districts Southwestern Ethiopia and similar highland agro ecology.

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