Diagnostic aspects, carditis and other acute manifestations of streptococcal infection

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleonice de Carvalho Coelho Mota ◽  
Zilda Maria Alves Meira ◽  
Rosangela Nicoli Graciano ◽  
Marly Conceição Silva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
And Control

AbstractWe have conducted, in two stages, a descriptive and comparative analysis of the diagnostic and evolutionary clinical aspects of rheumatic fever. The descriptive analysis was based on a sample of 226 patients seen between 1976–1986. The forms and frequency of the manifestations of rheumatic fever were studied, as well as the difficulties encountered in diagnosing mild cases and the risk of making a hasty diagnosis due to the high prevalence of the disease. Subsequent to the establishment of an outpatient clinic for referral of patients with rheumatic fever, as part of a study and control program for the disease, 98 patients were seen in the period 1988–1991. In order to compare the profile of the manifestations in the acute phase with evolutionary aspects over the course of the disease, a subgroup of 61 children, treated in the period 1983–986 was selected to obtain equivalence in size of sample and time of follow-up (p = 0.08). The comparative analysis revealed that no modifications have occurred over the period of study in the profile of the manifestations during the acute phase, and no statistically significant differences have occurred in age at first attack, severity ofcarditis, or in the type ofvalvar and articular involvement. Evolutionary data after rigid control of primary and secondary prevention, however, showed a marked reduction in the incidence of recurrence (p = 0.036), the frequency of hospital admission (p = 0.001) and deaths (p = 0.024). The main factors modifying the evolution of the disease were analyzed. The action of the health team had a fundamental importance in the control of recurrence. This fact is especially important for developing countries, where a reduction of the prevalence of the disease can only be achieved through major structural socioeconomic changes in the community.

scholarly journals SCHOOL ANXIETY IN ADOLESCENTS-PERFECTIONISTS: CORRECTION EXPERIENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Alyona Vavilova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
School Success ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risk Shifting ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
School Anxiety ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The article is devoted to the study of school anxiety in adolescents-perfectionists and exploring ways of its correction. It was found that high levels of perfectionism in adolescents can increase the probability of impaired emotional well-being and, in particular, excessive levels of anxiety. To determine the level of perfectionism and components of school anxiety in pupils, two psychodiagnostic methods were used: the “Child-Adolescent Perfectionism Scale” by P. Hewitt and G. Flett and the “Multidimensional Anxiety Scale” by K. Malkova. The study of school anxiety was conducted in two stages: before and after correction. The correction involved setting realistic goals and adequate requirements for oneself; formation the ability for justified risk; shifting focus on achievement, not failure. The results of a comparative analysis of anxiety before and after correction in the participants of the experimental group indicated a statistically significant decrease anxiety related to the assessment of others; anxiety in relationships with teachers; anxiety related to school success; anxiety in knowledge testing situations. The results of a comparative analysis of experimental and control groups adolescents-perfectionists confirmed the effectiveness of corrective action aimed at reducing school anxiety due to the presence of destructive perfectionist attitudes. 

Rheumatic fever

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleonice de Carvalho Coelho Mota ◽  
Zilda Maria Alves Meira
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Unsolved Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
And Control

AbstractIn recent years, rheumatic fever has been declining in the industrialized countries, and has became a rare disease. In developing areas, nonetheless, the sequels of its cardiac involvement have important implications from the stance of public health, and this disease is still the main cause of heart disease in children and young adults. From a historical perspective, the long-term prevention and the control of socioeconomic problems have been proven to be effective, and it is these measures which have contributed to the decline of the disease in developed countries. But, due to its present high prevalence around the world, and the potential for his resurgence, this disease remains an unsolved problem. Furthermore, the complete understanding of its pathophysiology remains a challenge. In this presentation, we will discuss our experience with epidemiological, clinical and prophylatic aspects of this enigmatic disease, and the strategies we have developed to study and control heumatic fever in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

scholarly journals Differences between diabetic and non-diabetic patients with community-acquired pneumonia in primary care in Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Loreto Arias Fernández ◽  
◽  
Jacobo Pardo Seco ◽  
Miriam Cebey-López ◽  
Ruth Gil Prieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Rising Incidence ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Diabetes is one of the underlying risk factors for developing community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The high prevalence of diabetes among population and the rising incidence of this illness, converts it as an important disease to better control and manage, to prevent its secondary consequences as CAP. The objective of this research is to describe the characteristics of the patients with diabetes and the differences with the no diabetes who have had an episode of CAP in the context of the primary care field. Methods A retrospective, observational study in adult patients (> 18 years-old) who suffer from CAP and attended at primary care in Spain between 2009 and 2013 was developed using the Computerized Database for Pharmacoepidemiological Studies in Primary Care (BIFAP). We carried out a descriptive analysis of the first episodes of CAP, in patients with or without diabetes as comorbidity. Other morbidity (CVA, Anaemia, Arthritis, Asthma, Heart disease, Dementia, Depression, Dysphagia, Multiple sclerosis, Epilepsy, COPD, Liver disease, Arthrosis, Parkinson’s disease, Kidney disease, HIV) and life-style factors were also included in the study. Results A total of 51,185 patients were included in the study as they suffer from the first episode of CAP. Of these, 8012 had diabetes as comorbidity. There were differences between sex and age in patients with diabetes. Patients without diabetes were younger, and had less comorbidities including those related to lifestyles such as smoking, alcoholism, social and dental problems than patients with diabetes. Conclusions Patients who developed an episode of CAP with diabetes have more risk factors which could be reduced with an appropriate intervention, including vaccination to prevent successive CAP episodes and hospitalization. The burden of associated factors in these patients can produce an accumulation of risk. Health care professional should know this for treating and control these patients in order to avoid complications. Diabetes and those other risk factors associated could be reduced with an appropriate intervention, including vaccination to prevent the first and successive CAP episodes and the subsequent hospitalization in severe cases.

scholarly journals Rheumatic Fever (RF) and Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) Prevention and COntrol Program in Nepal.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakash Raj Regmi ◽  
AB Upadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
National Program ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control ◽  
Rheumatic Heart ◽  
Heart Foundation

Ministry of Health and population, Government of Nepal announced the launch of National program for prevention and control of RF/RHD in Nepal in Ashad 2063 BS. Implementation of this program started on 15 Ashad 2064 with technical and organization support from Nepal Heart Foundation. Budget allocated for this Program in fiscal year 2063/064 was Nrs. 30 Lakhs, in 2064/065 Nrs. 40 Lakhs and in 2065/66 Nrs 10 Lakhs. This is the first program in Nepal launched by the government for prevention & control of heart disease. Nepal Heart foundation is the main authorizedvorganization for implementation of this program.

scholarly journals OVERVIEW OF TUBERCULOSIS PREVENTIVE TREATMENT AMONG CHILDREN IN SURABAYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Rizka Aprilidyawati ◽  
Chatarina Umbul Wahjuni ◽  
Rosita Dwi Yuliandari
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Series Design ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: A high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) infection rates is followed by high rates of TB infection in children. The TB Preventive Treatment (TPT) for children with Isoniazid (INH) is one of the primary activities to improve TB cases by finding them early to prevent the transmission of TB to children. Purpose: This study aimed to describe the implementation of TPT with prophylactic INH among children in Surabaya. Methods: This research was a descriptive observational study with a case series design using secondary data on the provision of TPT in children, child TB cases in Surabaya City in 2016–2018, and a network of partnerships with hospitals/clinics/doctors’ private practices for the prevention and control of TB in the city of Surabaya in 2016–2018 as the population. The data were collected by in-depth interviews with the holders of the TB prevention and control program of Surabaya. The data were analyzed by comparing and describing the targets and achievements of the INH administration in children. Results: The implementation of INH for children in Surabaya is not optimal and has not reached the targets. The networking of health facilities with providers for the provision of TPT with INH for children is still low in Surabaya City. Conclusions: Delivery of INH for children in Surabaya has been implemented and has increased, however, it is not optimal because it has not reached the targeted districts/municipalities that determined.

scholarly journals Dynamic evolution of schistosomiasis distribution under different control strategies: Results from surveillance covering 1991–2014 in Guichi, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. e0008976
Author(s):  
Yi Hu ◽  
Robert Bergquist ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Yongwen Ke ◽  
Jianjun Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Temporal Model ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Village

Background Since the founding of the China, the Chinese government, depending on the changing epidemiological situations over time, adopted different strategies to continue the progress towards elimination of schistosomiasis in the country. Although the changing pattern of schistosomiasis distribution in both time and space is well known and has been confirmed by numerous studies, the problem of how these patterns evolve under different control strategies is far from being understood. The purpose of this study is, therefore, to investigate the spatio-temporal change of the distribution of schistosomiasis with special reference to how these patterns evolve under different control strategies. Methodology / Principal findings Parasitological data at the village level were obtained through access to repeated cross-sectional surveys carried out during 1991–2014 in Guichi, a rural district along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province, China. A hierarchical dynamic spatio-temporal model was used to evaluate the evolving pattern of schistosomiasis prevalence, which accounted for mechanism of dynamics of the disease. Descriptive analysis indicates that schistosomiasis prevalence displayed fluctuating high-risk foci during implementation of the chemotherapy-based strategy (1991–2005), while it took on a homogenous pattern of decreasing magnitude in the following period when the integrated strategy was implemented (2006–2014). The dynamic model analysis showed that regularly global propagation of the disease was not present after the effect of proximity to river was taken into account but local pattern transition existed. Maps of predicted prevalence shows that relatively high prevalence (>4%) occasionally occurred before 2006 and prevalence presents a homogenous and decreasing trend over the study area afterwards. Conclusions Proximity to river is still an important determinant for schistosomiasis infection regardless of different types of implemented prevention and control strategies. Between the transition from the chemotherapy-based strategy to the integrated one, we noticed a decreased prevalence. However, schistosomiasis would remain an endemic challenge in these study areas. Further prevention and control countermeasures are warranted.

A computer-control program for TEM in situ fatigue experiments

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 620-621
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Vecchio ◽  
John A. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Slow Crack Growth ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Video Tape ◽  
Computer Control System ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
In Situ Experiments ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
And Control

In-situ experiments conducted within a transmission electron microscope provide the operator a unique opportunity to directly observe microstructural phenomena, such as phase transformations and dislocation-precipitate interactions, “as they happen”. However, in-situ experiments usually require a tremendous amount of experimental preparation beforehand, as well as, during the actual experiment. In most cases the researcher must operate and control several pieces of equipment simultaneously. For example, in in-situ deformation experiments, the researcher may have to not only operate the TEM, but also control the straining holder and possibly some recording system such as a video tape machine. When it comes to in-situ fatigue deformation, the experiments became even more complicated with having to control numerous loading cycles while following the slow crack growth. In this paper we will describe a new method for conducting in-situ fatigue experiments using a camputer-controlled tensile straining holder.The tensile straining holder used with computer-control system was manufactured by Philips for the Philips 300 series microscopes. It was necessary to modify the specimen stage area of this holder to work in the Philips 400 series microscopes because the distance between the optic axis and holder airlock is different than in the Philips 300 series microscopes. However, the program and interfacing can easily be modified to work with any goniometer type straining holder which uses a penrmanent magnet motor.

Tests for Platelet Changes, Acute Phase Reactants and Serum Lipids in Diabetes mellitus and Peripheral Vascular Disease

1982 ◽  
Vol 48 (03) ◽  
pp. 289-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
B A van Oost ◽  
B F E Veldhuyzen ◽  
H C van Houwelingen ◽  
A P M Timmermans ◽  
J J Sixma
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Peripheral Vascular Disease ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Control

SummaryPlatelets tests, acute phase reactants and serum lipids were measured in patients with diabetes mellitus and patients with peripheral vascular disease. Patients frequently had abnormal platelet tests and significantly increased acute phase reactants and serum lipids, compared to young healthy control subjects. These differences were compared with multidiscriminant analysis. Patients could be separated in part from the control subjects with variables derived from the measurement of acute phase proteins and serum lipids. Platelet test results improved the separation between diabetics and control subjects, but not between patients with peripheral vascular disease and control subjects. Diabetic patients with severe retinopathy frequently had evidence of platelet activation. They also had increased acute phase reactants and serum lipids compared to diabetics with absent or nonproliferative retinopathy. In patients with peripheral vascular disease, only the fibrinogen concentration was related to the degree of vessel damage by arteriography.

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