scholarly journals Association of vegetarian diet with inflammatory biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 2713-2721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Haghighatdoost ◽  
Nick Bellissimo ◽  
Julia O Totosy de Zepetnek ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Rouhani
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Minimum Duration ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Hs Crp

AbstractObjectiveVegetarian diets contain various anti-inflammatory components. We aimed to investigate the effects of vegetarianism on inflammatory biomarkers when compared with omnivores.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.SettingLiterature search was conducted in Science Direct, Proquest, MEDLINE and Google Scholar up to June 2016. Summary estimates and corresponding 95 % CI were derived via the DerSimonian and Laird method using random effects, subgroup analyses were run to find the source of heterogeneity and a fixed-effect model examined between-subgroup heterogeneity.SubjectsStudies were included if they evaluated effects of any type of vegetarianism compared with omnivores on circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers. No restriction was made in terms of language or the date of study publications.ResultsEighteen articles were included. Pooled effect size showed no difference in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in vegetarians v. omnivores (Hedges’ g=−0·15; 95 % CI −0·35, 0·05), with high heterogeneity (I2=75·6 %, P<0·01). A subgroup analysis by minimum duration of vegetarianism showed that a minimum duration of 2 years vegetarianism was associated with lower hs-CRP levels v. omnivores (Hedges’ g=−0·29; 95 % CI −0·59, 0·01), with moderate heterogeneity (I2=68·9 %, P<0·01). No significant effect was found in studies using a minimum duration of 6 months of vegetarianism, with low heterogeneity. Vegetarianism was associated with increased IL-6 concentrations (0·21 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·18, 0·25), with no heterogeneity (I2=0·0 %, P=0·60).ConclusionsThe meta-analysis provides evidence that vegetarianism is associated with lower serum concentrations of hs-CRP when individuals follow a vegetarian diet for at least 2 years. Further research is necessary to draw appropriate conclusions regarding potential associations between vegetarianism and IL-6 levels. A vegetarian diet might be a useful approach to manage inflammaging in the long term.

scholarly journals Effects of Flaxseed Interventions on Circulating Inflammatory Biomarkers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1108-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehran Rahimlou ◽  
Nasrin Banaie Jahromi ◽  
Nazila Hasanyani ◽  
Amirhossein Ramezani Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Different Doses

ABSTRACT There have been various clinical studies on the effect of flaxseed-derived products on circulating inflammatory biomarkers, but the findings from these are contradictory. The aim of the present study was to clarify any association. A comprehensive literature search was conducted from inception to May 2018. From the eligible trials, 32 articles describing studies conducted on adults aged 18–70 y were selected for the meta-analysis. Meta-analyses using the random-effects model were performed to investigate the data and results showed significant effects of flaxseed intake on circulating high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) [weighted mean difference (WMD) = −0.75; 95% CI: −1.19, −0.30; P < 0.001] and TNFα (WMD = −0.38; 95% CI: −0.75,–0.01; P = 0.04). However, no significant changes were found in IL6 concentration (WMD = −0.24; 95% CI: –0.70, 0.21; P = 0.28) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (WMD = −0.34; 95% CI:–0.89, 0.20; P = 0.22). Moreover, by eliminating 1 of the studies from the sensitivity analysis, changes in IL6 concentration were significant (WMD = −0.44; 95% CI: –0.81, –0.08). The changes in inflammatory biomarkers were dependent on study design (parallel or crossover), supplement type (flaxseed, flaxseed oil, or lignan), study quality (high or low), and participants’ age and BMI. According to this meta-analysis, flaxseed significantly reduced circulating concentrations of hs-CRP and TNFα, but did not affect IL6 and CRP. Further research is needed to examine the effect of different doses and long-term benefits of flaxseed and its derivatives on inflammatory factors.

The Effect of Soy and Soy Products Consumption on Inflammatory Biomarkers: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Rezazadegan ◽  
Fatemeh Mirjalili ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Rouhani
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Study Heterogeneity ◽  
Factor Α

Background: Inflammation is a process that occurs in early phase of recovery in which immune system recognizes and removes immunological stimuli. Many chronic diseases have inflammation based pathogenesis. Several studies used soy and soy products for reducing inflammatory biomarkers. Objectives: The purpose of the present systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials is to determine the effects of soy and soy products on inflammatory biomarkers. Methods: The following databases will be investigated for randomized controlled trials published until October 2019 to evaluate the effects of soybean and soy products on the inflammatory biomarkers in healthy subjects and patients with high inflammatory biomarkers: PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science and Google scholar.Two independent investigators (M.R and F.M) will screen the title and the abstract of included articles. Mean and standard deviation (SD) or standard error (SE) for outcomes will be extracted. The quality of studies will be assessed by Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. STATA software will be used to do a standard statistical analysis. A subgroup analysis will be applied to find out potential sources of inter-study heterogeneity. A Random-effects model will be conducted to calculate pooled effect size. A fixed-effect model will be incorporated to estimate the between-subgroup heterogeneity. Moreover, sensitivity analyses, Egger's regression asymmetry test and Begg's rank-correlation methods will be conducted. Results: We will try to find a major number of articles about the effectiveness of soy and soy products on inflammatory biomarkers. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukine 6 (IL-6), interleukine 2 (IL-2), interleukine 1-β (IL-1β), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and Interleukine 10 (IL-10) are considered to be the outcome. Conclusion: The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis may provide evidence on the effectiveness and safety of soy and soy products for reducing inflammation.

scholarly journals Immunogenicity and safety of adenovirus-based vector vaccines for COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-78
Author(s):  
Ayers Gilberth Ivano Kalaij ◽  
Valerie Josephine Dirjayanto ◽  
Syarif Maulana Yusuf ◽  
Erni Juwita Nelwan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Vector Vaccine ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Meta Analyses

BACKGROUND Despite various research on vaccine development, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection continues to spread. Thus, developing a more effective vaccine for production and clinical efficacy is still in high demand. This review aimed to assess the immunogenicity and safety of adenovirus-based vector vaccine (Ad-vaccines) including Ad5-vectored, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, rAd26-S or rAd5-S, and Ad26.COV2.S as the promising solutions for COVID-19. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta analysis of clinical trials based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines through PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and EBSCOhost until August 17, 2021. We implemented inclusion and exclusion criteria and assessed the studies using OHAT risk of bias rating tool for human and animal studies. Pooled estimates of odds ratio (OR) were analyzed using fixed-effect model. RESULTS This systematic review yielded 12 clinical studies with a total of 75,105 subjects. Although the studies were heterogeneous, this meta-analysis showed that Ad-vaccine significantly increased protection and immune response against COVID-19 with a pooled efficacy of 84.68% compared to placebo (p<0.00001). Forest plot also indicated that Ad-vaccine conferred protection against moderate to severe COVID-19 with a pooled OR of 0.26 (p<0.00001). Ad-vaccine had also shown a good safety profile with local site pain and fever as the most common side effects. CONCLUSIONS Ad-vaccine had shown a good immunogenicity for COVID-19 with a good pooled efficacy and was proven safe for COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of remdesivir in COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 298-303
Author(s):  
Sumanta Saha ◽  
Sujata Saha
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
The Us

Background: This systematic review compares the efficacy and safety of remdesivir between its recipient and non-recipient COVID-19 patients from the recently published randomized controlled trials (RCT).  Methods: For eligible trials comparing the above outcomes, a literature search took place in the PubMed database. The reviewed trials data were abstracted and critically appraised using the Cochrane tool. Then, a random-effect meta-analysis followed to compare the risk between the compared interventions in risk ratio (RR). By plying the I2 and Chi2 statistics, the heterogeneity estimation happened. A sensitivity analysis iterated the preliminary meta-analysis using a fixed-effect model. Results: Two eligible RCTs included in this review sourced data from about 833 COVID-19 patients from 115 hospitals in Asia, Europe, and the US. The risk of bias was primarily low. Random-effect meta-analysis suggested a clinical improvement (RR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.16; P=0.02; I2: 0%) and decrease in the risk of any serious side effects (RR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.94; P<0.001; I2: 0%) in the remdesivir treated COVID-19 patients. The rest of the outcomes did not vary between the juxtaposed interventions. Conclusion: Evidence-based on early RCTs suggest that remdesivir is a clinically useful and safe drug to treat COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals The effects of aerobic exercises on high sensitivity C-reactive protein and depression in patients living with HIV infection; a systematic review with meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebuka Miracle Anieto ◽  
Ekezie Mmanwanne Uduonu ◽  
Obinna Antoninus Ezeukwu ◽  
Ukachukwu Okoroafor Abaraogu ◽  
Ijeoma Blessing Nwadilibe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background HIV infection and chronic use of highly active antiretroviral therapy have been associated with increased expression of pro-inflammatory biomarkers (e.g. high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) and major affective disorders (e.g. depression). There is a growing research interest in aerobic exercise as an adjunct therapy on inflammatory outcomes and depression in people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are undergoing antiretroviral therapy. Synthesizing and appraising available evidence may be essential to guide practice and future research on exercise intervention to this population. This review evaluated the effects of aerobic exercises on serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and depressive symptoms in PLHIV. Methods Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, PEDRO, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, and Web of Science were systematically searched to include clinical trials that investigated the effects of aerobic exercises on hs-CRP and/or depression in PLWH. Two reviewers independently screened all the articles for eligibility and also evaluated the risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias assessment tool. Data were extracted and meta-analyses conducted using Review Manager Software. Results Six studies (261 participants) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Four of the studies reported on depressive symptoms and two on hs-CRP outcome The meta-analysis result showed a significant (Z=3.78, p<0.0002) decrease in depression scores in PLWH; implying that aerobic exercise interventions reduce depressive symptoms among PLWH. The two studies that reported on hs-CRP outcome, found no significant effect of aerobic exercise on hs-CRP. Overall, the GRADE evidence for this review was of moderate quality. Conclusion There was evidence that aerobic exercises of about 24-60 minutes duration, two to five times per week can lead to a significant improvement in depression level but not hs-CRP in PLWH. However, it should not be concluded as ‘no evidence of effect’ because the included trials do not have sufficient power to detect treatment effects. Thus, further homogenous research with enough “power” is necessary for a conclusive estimate of effects.

On-admission Serum High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Level Independently Predicts In-Hospital Mortality and Adverse Cardiovascular Events in ST-elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction

2021 ◽  
pp. 263246362110553
Author(s):  
Anggoro Budi Hartopo ◽  
Indah Sukmasari ◽  
Maria Patricia Inggriani ◽  
Thomas Rikl ◽  
Stefi Geovani Valentin Hayon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Inflammatory biomarkers are associated with adverse cardiovascular events during ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI). We aimed to investigate the role of inflammatory biomarkers, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and soluble ST-2 (sST2), for prediction of adverse cardiovascular events in STEMI. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study that consecutively enrolled patients with STEMI. Subjects were observed during hospitalization until discharge or fatal events happened. Adverse cardiovascular event was a compilation of cardiac mortality, acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, reinfarction, and malignant ventricular arrhythmia. Blood samples were withdrawn on admission and inflammatory biomarkers (hs-CRP and sST2) were measured. The receiver operator characteristics curve and multivariable analysis were performed to determine which inflammatory biomarkers predict in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events and mortality. Result: Of 166 subjects, the in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events occurred in 41 subjects (24.6%) and mortality occurred in 16 subjects (9.6%). Subjects with in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events and mortality had a significantly higher hs-CRP level, but comparable sST2 level than subjects without events. The hs-CRP level was the most precise biomarkers to predict in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events (hs-CRP cut-off ≥2.75 mg/L) and mortality (hs-CRP cut-off ≥7 mg/L). Multivariable analysis indicated hs-CRP ≥2.75 mg/L as an independent predictor for in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 2.79, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-7.39, P = .039) and hs-CRP ≥7 mg/L for mortality (adjusted OR: 5.45, 95% CI: 1.13-26.18, P = .034) in STEMI. Conclusion: On admission, hs-CRP level independently predicted in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events, at cut-off level ≥2.75 mg/L, and mortality, at cut-off level ≥7 mg/L, in STEMI patients.

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