Differences in magnitude and rate of change in adult obesity distribution by age and sex in Mexico, Colombia and Peru, 2005–2010

AbstractObjectiveUnequal obesity distributions among adult populations have been reported in low- and middle-income countries, but mainly based on data of women of reproductive age. Moreover, incorporation of ever-changing skewed BMI distributions in analyses has been a challenge. Our study aimed to assess magnitude and rates of change in BMI distributions by age and sex.DesignShapes of BMI distributions were estimated for 2005 and 2010, and their changes were assessed, using the generalized additive model for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) and assuming BMI follows a Box–Cox power exponential (BCPE) distribution.SettingNationally representative, repeated cross-sectional health surveys conducted between 2005 and 2013 in Mexico, Colombia and Peru.SubjectsAdult men and non-pregnant women aged 20–69 years.ResultsWhereas women had more right-shifted and wider BMI distributions than men in almost all age groups across the countries in 2010, men in their 30s–40s experienced more rapid increases in BMI between 2005 and 2010, notably in Peru. The highest increase in overweight and obesity prevalence was observed among Peruvian men of 35–39 years, with a 5-year increase of 21 percentage points.ConclusionsThe BCPE–GAMLSS method is an alternative to analyse measurements with time-varying distributions visually, in addition to conventional indicators such as means and prevalences. Consideration of differences in BMI distributions and their changes by sex and age would provide vital information in tailoring relevant policies and programmes to reach target populations effectively. Increases in BMI portend increases of obesity-associated diseases, for which preventive and preparative actions are urgent.

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Prevalence of age-specific and sex-specific overweight and obesity in Ontario and Quebec, Canada: a cross-sectional study using direct measures of height and weight

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022029 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. e022029 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Justin Thielman ◽

Daniel Harrington ◽

Laura C Rosella ◽

Heather Manson

Keyword(s):

Health Survey ◽

Age Groups ◽

Canadian Community Health Survey ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Canadian Health ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Objectively Measured

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether combining three cycles of the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) produces provincially representative and valid estimates of overweight and obesity in Ontario and Quebec.SettingAn ongoing, nationally representative health survey in Canada, with data released every 2 years. Objective measures of height and weight were taken at mobile examination centres located within 100 km of participants’ residences. To increase sample size, we combined three cycles completed during 2007–2013.Participants5740 Ontario residents and 3980 Quebec residents aged 6–79, with birth dates and directly measured height and weight recorded in the CHMS. Pregnant females were excluded. Sociodemographic characteristics of the Ontario and Quebec portions of the CHMS appeared similar to characteristics from the 2006 Canada Census.Primary outcome measuresObjectively measured overweight and obesity prevalence overall and among males and females in the following age groups: 6–11, 12–19, 20–39, 40–59 and 60–79. We compared these with provincially representative and objectively measured estimates from the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS)-Nutrition.Results57.1% (95% CI 52.8% to 61.4%) of Ontarians were classified overweight or obese and 24.0% (95% CI 20.3% to 27.6%) obese, while Quebec’s corresponding percentages were 56.2% (95% CI 51.3% to 61.1%) and 24.4% (95% CI 20.6% to 28.3%). Generally, overweight and obesity combined was higher in older age groups and males. Comparisons with the CCHS-Nutrition did not yield unexplainable differences between surveys.ConclusionsCombining three CHMS cycles can produce estimates of overweight and obesity in populations representative of Ontario and Quebec. As new CHMS data are collected, these estimates can be updated and used to evaluate trends.

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Obesity prevalence in Colombian adults is increasing fastest in lower socio-economic status groups and urban residents: results from two nationally representative surveys

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980013003418 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (11) ◽

pp. 2398-2406 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Nicole M Kasper ◽

Oscar F Herrán ◽

Eduardo Villamor

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Economic Status ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Adult Obesity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Middle Income ◽

Prevalence Difference ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Vulnerable Subpopulations

AbstractObjectiveLow- and middle-income countries are experiencing rises in the prevalence of adult obesity. Whether these increases disproportionately affect vulnerable subpopulations is unclear because most previous investigations were not nationally representative, were limited to women, or relied on self-reported anthropometric data which are subject to bias. The aim of the present study was to assess changes in the prevalence of obesity from 2005 to 2010 in Colombian adults; overall and by levels of sociodemographic characteristics.DesignTwo cross-sectional, nationally representative surveys.SettingColombia.SubjectsMen and women 18–64 years old (n 31 105 in 2005; n 81 115 in 2010).ResultsThe prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) was 13·9 % in 2005 and 16·4 % in 2010 (prevalence difference = 2·7 %; 95 % CI 1·9, 3·4 %). In multivariable analyses, obesity was positively associated with female sex, age, wealth, and living in the Pacific or National Territories regions in each year. In 2010, obesity was also associated with living in an urban area. The change in the prevalence of obesity from 2005 to 2010 varied significantly according to wealth; 5·0 % (95 % CI 3·3, 6·7 %) among the poorest and 0·3 % (95 % CI −1·6, 2·2 %) in the wealthiest (P, test for interaction = 0·007), after adjustment. Obesity rates also increased faster in older than younger people (P, test for interaction = 0·01), among people from urban compared with non-urban areas (P, test for interaction = 0·06) and in adults living in the Atlantic region compared with others.ConclusionsAdult obesity prevalence has increased in Colombia and its burden is shifting towards the poor and urban populations.

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Trends, prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh: a pooled analysis of five national cross-sectional surveys

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018468 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. e018468 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Muhammad Abdul Baker Chowdhury ◽

Md Mohiuddin Adnan ◽

Md Zakiul Hassan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Low Cost ◽

Wealth Index ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Cross Sectional

ObjectiveTo determine the trends, prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age from 1999 to 2014.DesignWe analysed nationally representative data from the 1999, 2004, 2007, 2011 and 2014 cross-sectional Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys.SettingBangladesh.ParticipantsWomen aged 15–49 years.Primary outcomeOverweight/obesity.ResultsA total of 58 192 women were included in the analysis. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age increased significantly from 7.53% (95% CI 6.83 to 8.29) and 1.82% (95% CI 1.48 to 2.24) in 1999 to 28.37% (95% CI 27.49 to 29.28) and 10.77% (95% CI 10.22 to 11.35) in 2014, respectively. Age, education, wealth index, watching television and contraceptive use were associated with overweight and obesity in both urban and rural areas.ConclusionsOverweight and obesity prevalence increased significantly among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age between 1999 and 2014. Development of effective low-cost strategies to address the increasing burden of obesity should be a high priority.

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Further stabilization and even decrease in the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in German children and adolescents from 2005 to 2015: a cross-sectional and trend analysis

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980017002257 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (17) ◽

pp. 3075-3083 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Annette Keß ◽

Ulrike Spielau ◽

Christoph Beger ◽

Ruth Gausche ◽

Mandy Vogel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Trend Analysis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Entire Group ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Industrialized Countries ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Childhood Overweight And Obesity

AbstractObjectiveRecently several industrialized countries reported a stabilization or even a decrease in childhood overweight and obesity prevalence rates. In Germany, this trend started in 2004. The present study therefore aimed to evaluate whether this trend has continued or even leads in a clear direction.Design/Setting/SubjectsBMI (>90th percentile (overweight), >97th percentile (obesity)) from the CrescNet database was analysed in 326 834 children and adolescents according to three age groups (4–7·99, 8–11·99 and 12–16 years), gender and between time points (2005–2015).ResultsTrend analysis from 2005 to 2010 demonstrated that the prevalence of overweight and obesity decreased significantly in boys and girls in the entire group (4–16 years) and in 4–7·99-year-olds. From 2010 to 2015 there was a significant decrease in boys for overweight and obesity in the entire group and for overweight among 8–11·99-year-olds. Within the cross-sectional analysis, prevalence rates for overweight decreased significantly for both genders in the age groups of 4–7·99 and 8–11·99 years (2005 v. 2015). For obesity, prevalence rates showed a significant decrease for boys (2005 v. 2015) and girls (2005 v. 2010) in 4–7·99-year-olds.ConclusionsWe observed a further stabilization of overweight and obesity prevalence rates for all age groups and even a decrease in the rates for the younger ages (4–7·99 years, 8–11·99 years). As other industrialized countries have also reported similar trends, it seems that the epidemic of childhood overweight and obesity is reaching a turning point in the industrial part of the world.

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Childhood Obesity in Serbia on the Rise

Children ◽

10.3390/children8050409 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 409

Author(s):

Lidija Marković ◽

Višnja Đorđić ◽

Nebojša Trajković ◽

Predrag Božić ◽

Szabolcs Halaši ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Childhood Obesity ◽

Primary School ◽

School Children ◽

Body Height ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Primary School Children ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Monitoring And Surveillance ◽

Nationally Representative

The aim of the study was to examine changes in obesity prevalence among primary school children in Serbia between 2015 and 2019 rounds of the national WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI-Serbia). Cross-sectional studies were conducted in 2015 and 2019. The nationally representative samples of primary school children were measured for body height and weight, following the COSI protocol. Body Mass Index was calculated, and the IOTF and WHO definitions were used to classify children as overweight or obese. Participants were children of both sexes aged 7.00–8.99 years (n = 6105). Significant differences in overweight (obesity included) prevalence between two COSI rounds were identified regardless of definitions applied. According to the WHO definitions, prevalence of overweight and obesity combined increased in 7–9-year-old children in Serbia from 30.7% in 2015 to 34.8% in 2019 (z = −3.309, p < 0.05), and according to the IOTF standards, the increase from 22.8% to 30% was registered (z = −6.08, p = 0.00). The childhood overweight/obesity rate is increasing in Serbia, which places monitoring and surveillance of children’s nutritional status high on the public health agenda.

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Secular trends and risk factors of overweight and obesity among Kuwaiti adults: National Nutrition Surveillance System data from 1998 to 2009

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980011003685 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. 2124-2130 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Faruk Ahmed ◽

Carol Waslien ◽

Mona A Al-Sumaie ◽

Prasanna Prakash

Keyword(s):

Surveillance System ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Age Groups ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Anthropometric Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

System Data

AbstractObjectiveTo determine trends in prevalence of overweight and obesity in Kuwaiti adults, and to examine their association with selected sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.DesignAnalysis of cross-sectional population survey data from the Kuwait National Nutrition Surveillance System.SettingSocial and health facilities in Kuwait.SubjectsMales (n17 491) and females (n21 120) aged 20–69 years attending registration for employment or pensions, or Hajj Pilgrimage health check-ups, or parents accompanying their children for immunization 1998 through 2009. Sociodemographic, lifestyle and anthropometric data were collected.ResultsPrevalence of BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2rose from 61·8 % and 59·3 % in females and males respectively, peaked in 2004–2005 (81·4 % and 79·2 %) and fell slightly in 2008–2009 (77·3 % and 77·4 %). Obesity prevalence in females exceeded males for all years and age groups; by 2009, it had increased by 11·3 % in males and 14·6 % in females. Overweight and obesity prevalences in both genders increased until 2004–2005 but fell thereafter, with significant falls for females in 2008–2009. Logistic and linear regression analyses confirmed these temporal changes for both prevalence and BMI in both genders. The odds of obesity increased with age until the fifth decade for both genders and then declined significantly for males. Education level was negatively associated with obesity prevalence in females, while participation in leisure-time exercise was negatively associated with obesity prevalence in males.ConclusionsAlthough the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) seemed to decrease from 2005 to 2009 among Kuwaiti adults, further research to clarify the identified confounders and continued monitoring are needed to confirm the decrease observed.

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The Dual Burden of Malnutrition in Brazil Among Children 4–13.9 Years of Age

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa054_005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 933-933

Author(s):

Andrea Anater ◽

Kevin Mathias ◽

Joel Hampton ◽

Alison Eldridge ◽

Vanessa Campos

Keyword(s):

Poverty Reduction ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Nutrition Transition ◽

Age Groups ◽

Growth Curves ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Older Children ◽

Double Burden ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Middle Income

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity among children aged 4 to 13.9 years in Brazil. Methods Caregivers of a cross-sectional random sample of children aged 4–13.9 years (n = 970) identified in three census regions in Brazil were surveyed. Children's body weight and height were measured using a calibrated scale and a stadiometer following U.S. Centers for Disease Prevention and Control procedures. Reference cut-points generated from a previous sample of Brazilian children using the LMS method to calculated sex specific BMI growth curves that intersected BMIs of 17.5, 25 and 30, at 20 years of age, were used to define underweight, overweight and obese children, respectively. Results Among older children, the prevalence of underweight and obesity decreased while overweight remained relatively stable across all age groups. The percentage (% ± SE) for underweight, overweight, and obese among 4–6.9 year olds (n = 319) were 5.7 ± 1%, 36 ± 4%, and 17 ± 3%, respectively. For 7–10.9 year olds (n = 396), these percentages were 3.1 ± 1%, 38 ± 3%, and 13 ± 2%; and for 11–13.9 year olds (n = 255), 3.2 ± 2%, 37 ± 5%, and 10 ± 3%. The overall percentage of underweight, overweight, and obese for males (n = 508) were 2.8 ± 1%, 34 ± 3%, and 11 ± 2%; and for females (n = 462), 4.9 ± 1%, 40 ± 3%, and 16 ± 2%. The prevalence of malnutrition among females was higher than for males for each condition and across all age categories except among 7–10.9 year olds with overnutrition. Conclusions Brazil is a middle-income country undergoing a rapid nutrition transition. A shift in dietary patterns and consumption and energy expenditures can result in the double burden of malnutrition, characterized by the coexistence of undernutrition and overweight and obesity within the population. Both are serious health problems, particularly when they occur in childhood as the effects can linger into adulthood. In 2019, the prevalence of overweight and obesity remain elevated, as does underweight, particularly among females. Promotion of physical activity and encouraging healthy dietary habits are needed to curtail obesity and overweight rates, with poverty reduction efforts enhanced to address the prevalence of underweight children. Funding Sources This project was funded by Nestlé Research, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, Lausanne, Switzerland.

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Prevalence of obesity among stroke patients in five Brazilian cities: a cross-sectional study

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0004-282x20180053 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 76 (6) ◽

pp. 367-372 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vanessa Speckhahn Vicente ◽

Norberto Luiz Cabral ◽

Vivian Nagel ◽

Vanessa V Guesser ◽

Juliana Safanelli

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The Body ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Middle Income ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity

ABSTRACT Objective There is gap in knowledge about obesity prevalence in stroke patients from low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, we aimed to measure the prevalence of overweight and obesity status among patients with incident stroke in Brazil. Methods In a cross-sectional study, we measured the body mass index (BMI) of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients. The sample was extracted in 2016, from the cities of Sobral (CE), Sertãozinho (SP), Campo Grande (MS), Joinville (SC) and Canoas (RS). Results In 1,255 patients with first-ever strokes, 64% (95% CI, 62–67) were overweight and 26% (95%CI, 24–29) were obese. The obesity prevalence ranged from 15% (95%CI, 9–23) in Sobral to 31% (95%CI, 18–45) in Sertãozinho. Physical inactivity ranged from 53% (95%CI, 43-63) in Sobral to 80% (95%CI, 73–85) in Canoas. Conclusions The number of overweight patients with incident stroke is higher than the number of patients with stroke and normal BMI. Although similar to other findings in high-income countries, we urgently need better policies for obesity prevention.

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Prevalence of Childhood Obesity In Northeastern Ontario: A Cross-sectional Study

Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research ◽

10.3148/67.3.2006.143 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 143-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Foyez Haque ◽

Alberto G. de la Rocha ◽

Betty Ann Horbul ◽

Patricia Desroches ◽

Craig Orrell

Keyword(s):

Childhood Obesity ◽

Program Planning ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Northern Ontario ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Chi Square Test

Purpose: In Canada, the incidence of childhood obesity has tripled within the past 20 years. The prevalence of obesity in the Timmins, Ontario, student population was studied to gain knowledge for program planning and resource allocation, and to compare Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria with Cole’s international criteria for childhood obesity. Methods: Anthropometric measurements of 801 students were taken. Students were chosen from randomly selected schools for each grade. Data were analyzed according to age, gender, and ethnicity. Data were also compared with other studies. Intragroup comparisons were performed using hypothesis testing for significance with the z table and chi-square test. Results: Overweight and obesity prevalence was 28% according to CDC criteria. No statistical difference was found between genders or among ethnic groups, or between this study and other Canadian studies. In comparison with the CDC criteria, Cole’s international criteria indicated less obesity and increased overweight prevalence. These differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The findings suggest that in the northern Ontario community of Timmins, the prevalence of childhood obesity is of epidemic proportions. When the findings are shared with different agencies, this study will help the health unit to take necessary public health measures to curb the epidemic.

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Age- and sex-specific profiles of temporal fasting plasma glucose variability in a population undergoing routine health screening

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10367-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Agyei Helena Lartey ◽

Xiaona Li ◽

Zhongqi Li ◽

Qun Zhang ◽

Jianming Wang

Keyword(s):

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Age Groups ◽

Health Screening ◽

Health Examination ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fasting Plasma ◽

Percentage Difference ◽

Age And Sex

Abstract Background Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) variability is a significant predictor of mortality, especially in patients with poor glycemic control. This study aimed to explore the temporal age- and sex-specific profiles of temporal FPG variability in a Chinese population undergoing routine health screening and to guide the development of targeted public health interventions for the prevention and control of diabetes. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we used a general linear model to compare differences in temporal FPG values between sexes and across age groups in 101,886 Nanjing residents who underwent a routine physical health examination at the Health Management Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, in 2018. The variability of FPG as a function of time, age, and sex, independently and in combination, was analyzed. Results The participants included 57,455 (56.4%) males and 44,431 (43.6%) females, with a mean ± SD age of 42.8 ± 15.0 years. The average ± SD FPG level was 5.5 ± 1.1 mmol/L. The monthly variation contributed to 22% of the overall FPG variability. A significant main effect for the age group was observed (F = 7.39, P < 0.05), with an excellent fitting effect (Eta-squared =0.15). The variability of FPG showed sex differences in the percentage difference of the coefficient of variation, which was 34.1% higher in males than females. There were significant interaction effects for month*age*sex and day*age*sex. Conclusions Temporal variability in FPG is evident in the general Chinese population and is affected by both age and sex. To avoid complications associated with FPG variability, interventions should be directed at females and males at specific ages for optimal control of FPG variability and to reduce the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular events.

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