Event-Driven 2D Detector for Digital Electron Imaging

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1089-1090
Author(s):  
G. Y. Fan ◽  
E. Beuville ◽  
P. Datte ◽  
J-F. Beche ◽  
J. Millaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Pulse Height ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Signal Pulse ◽  
Discriminator Threshold ◽  
Pixel Array ◽  
Event Driven ◽  
Application Specific Integrated Circuit ◽  
Electron Imaging

An event-driven 2D pixel array detector designed for protein crystallography is being tested to determine its suitability as a direct electron detector for digital imaging in electron microscopy. The detector prototype consists of an 8×8 pixel array with an 150 μm pitch. The device configuration is illustrated in Fig. 1. The detector module consists of a reverse-biased 300 μm thick monolithic silicon diode array which is bump-bonded to an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) which instruments each diode in the array. Each pixel cell of the ASIC forms a pixel processor which consists of an amplifier, discriminator, prescalar and readout circuit.When an incident electron enters the detector, a group of electron-hole pairs is created in the silicon. The detector bias of the diode array is such that holes are collected at the input to the amplifier where the signal is then amplified and shaped. When the output signal pulse height is greater than the discriminator threshold, the event is then registered in the prescalar, causing one count to be accumulated.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Mycosporine-Like Amino Acid (MAA) Pattern of the Salt Marsh Red Alga Bostrychia scorpioides

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Maria Orfanoudaki ◽  
Anja Hartmann ◽  
Julia Mayr ◽  
Félix L. Figueroa ◽  
Julia Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Diode Array Detector ◽  
The Past ◽  
Specific Species

This study presents the validation of a high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method for the determination of different mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) in the red alga Bostrychia scorpioides. The investigated MAAs, named bostrychines, have only been found in this specific species so far. The developed HPLC-DAD method was successfully applied for the quantification of the major MAAs in Bostrychia scorpioides extracts, collected from four different countries in Europe showing only minor differences between the investigated samples. In the past, several Bostrychia spp. have been reported to include cryptic species, and in some cases such as B. calliptera, B. simpliciuscula, and B. moritziana, the polyphyly was supported by differences in their MAA composition. The uniformity in the MAA composition of the investigated B. scorpioides samples is in agreement with the reported monophyly of this Bostrychia sp.

scholarly journals Clitorienolactones and Isoflavonoids of Clitorea ternatea Roots Alleviate Stress-Like Symptoms in a Reserpine-Induced Zebrafish Model

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4137
Author(s):  
Muhammad Afiq Ngadni ◽  
Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar ◽  
Intan Safinar Ismail ◽  
Anis Irfan Norazhar ◽  
Soo Yee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Diode Array Detector ◽  
Aqueous Methanol ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
As Stress

Clitorea ternatea has been used in Ayurvedic medicine as a brain stimulant to treat mental illnesses and mental functional disorders. In this study, the metabolite profiles of crude C. ternatea root extract (CTRE), ethyl acetate (EA), and 50% aqueous methanol (50% MeOH) fractions were investigated using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–DAD–MS/MS), while their effect on the stress-like behavior of zebrafish, pharmacologically induced with reserpine, was investigated. A total of 32 compounds were putatively identified, among which, a series of norneolignans, clitorienolactones, and various flavonoids (flavone, flavonol, isoflavone, and isoflavanone) was found to comprise the major constituents, particularly in the EA and 50% MeOH fractions. The clitorienolactones, presently unique to the species, were present in both the free and glycosylated forms in the roots. Both the EA and 50% MeOH fractions displayed moderate effects on the stress-induced zebrafish model, significantly decreasing freezing duration and elevating the total distance travelled and average velocity, 72 h post-treatment. The results of the present study provide further evidence that the basis for the use of C. ternatea roots in traditional medicine to alleviate brain-related conditions, such as stress and depression, is attributable to the presence of clitorienolactones and the isoflavonoidal constituents.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Voltage and Current Measurement Instrumentation Amplifier for ECG and PPG Monitoring

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 679
Author(s):  
Jongpal Kim
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Current Noise ◽  
Instrumentation Amplifier ◽  
Current Sensing ◽  
Application Specific Integrated Circuit ◽  
Time Division ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
First Time ◽  
Application Specific

An instrumentation amplifier (IA) capable of sensing both voltage and current at the same time has been introduced and applied to electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) measurements for cardiovascular health monitoring applications. The proposed IA can switch between the voltage and current sensing configurations in a time–division manner faster than the ECG and PPG bandwidths. The application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) of the proposed circuit design was implemented using 180 nm CMOS fabrication technology. Input-referred voltage noise and current noise were measured as 3.9 µVrms and 172 pArms, respectively, and power consumption was measured as 34.9 µA. In the current sensing configuration, a current noise reduction technique is applied, which was confirmed to be a 25 times improvement over the previous version. Using a single IA, ECG and PPG can be monitored in the form of separated ECG and PPG signals. In addition, for the first time, a merged ECG/PPG signal is acquired, which has features of both ECG and PPG peaks.

Fluorescence rejection in Raman spectroscopy using a gated intensified diode array detector

1986 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 415-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Everall ◽  
R. W. Jackson ◽  
J. Howard ◽  
K. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Diode Array Detector

Integrated chemical profiling of Zhi-Zi-Hou-Po decoction by liquid chromatography-diode array detector-time of flight mass analyzer and liquid chromatography-triple stage quadrupole mass analyzer combined with chemometrics

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (23) ◽  
pp. 4689-4710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Gongjun Yang ◽  
Fang Feng
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Mass Analyzer ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Quadrupole Mass ◽  
Diode Array Detector ◽  
Difference Analysis ◽  
Chemical Profiling ◽  
Tof Ms

An effective strategy using LC-DAD-TOF/MS and LC-MS/MS based chemometrics for identification and difference analysis of herb formulae is proposed.

Characterization via liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detector and tandem mass spectrometry of supercritical fluid antioxidant extracts ofSpirulina platensismicroalga

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1031-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Mendiola ◽  
Francisco R. Marín ◽  
S. Francisco Hernández ◽  
Bertha O. Arredondo ◽  
F. Javier Señoráns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Diode Array Detector

CONCEPTS OF ELECTRONICALLY-CONTROLLED ELECTROMECHANICAL/MECHANOELECTRICAL STEER-, AUTODRIVE- AND AUTOABSORBABLE WHEELS FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY TRI-MODE SUPERCARS

1994 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 501-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
BOGDAN T. FIJALKOWSKI ◽  
JAN W. KROSNICKI
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Switching Frequency ◽  
Neuro Fuzzy ◽  
Interior Permanent Magnet ◽  
Application Specific Integrated Circuit ◽  
Computer Processor ◽  
Application Specific

Concepts of the electronically-controlled electromechanical/mechanoelectrical Steer-, Autodrive- and Autoabsorbable Wheels (SA2W) with their brushless Alternating Current-to-Alternating Current (AC-AC), Alternating Current-to-Direct Current-Alternating Current (AC-DC-AC) and/or Direct Current-to-Alternating Current (DC-AC)/Alternating Current-to-Direct Current (AC-DC) macroelectronic converter commutator (macro-commutator) wheel-hub motors/generators with the Application Specific Integrated Matrixer (ASIM) macroelectronic converter commutators (ASIM macrocommutators) and Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) microelectronic Neuro-Fuzzy (NF) computer (processor) controllers (ASIC NF microcontrollers) for environmentally-friendly tri-mode supercars (advanced ultralight hybrids) have been conceived by the first author and designed by both authors with the Cracow University of Technology’s Automotive Mechatronics Research and Development (R&D) Team. These electromechanical/mechanoelectrical wheel-hub motors/generators, respectively, for instance, can be composed of the outer rotor with the Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) poles and the inner stator that has the three-phase armature winding. The macroelectronic converter commutator establishes the AC-AC cycloconverter, AC-DC rectifier-DC-AC inverter and/or DC-AC inverter/AC-DC rectifier ASIM macrocommutator. The microelectronic NF computer (processor) controller establishes the ASIC microcomputer-based NF microcontroller. By adopting continuous semiconductor bipolar electrical valves in the high-power ASIM, it has been able to increase the commutation (switching) frequency and reduce harmonic losses of the electromechanical/mechanoelectrical wheel-hub motors/generators, respectively.

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