Genetic combining, heterosis analysis for horticultural traits in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) using ToLCV-resistant lines and molecular validation of Ty genes

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rahul Chandel ◽  
A. T. Sadashiva ◽  
Kundapura V. Ravishankar ◽  
Anjan Das ◽  
Bichhinna Maitri Rout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Parental Line ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Horticultural Traits ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl

Abstract Tomato is a pivotal vegetable crop worldwide concerning human nutrition, economy and in service to biotechnology. Tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) is a begomovirus transmitted through the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and is responsible for severe losses in tomato production. In this context, the current investigation was carried out to determine heterotic combiners with high yield, resistance to ToLCV and mode of gene action for economically important traits. For this, 11 prescreened inbred lines were crossed in a half diallel fashion to generate 55 F1 hybrids. The 55 crosses with 11 parents and commercial checks were evaluated for different horticultural traits and resistance to ToLCV. The molecular validation with SCAR markers TG0302 and SCAR1 confirmed the presence of ToLCV-resistant genes in parents and their crosses. The hybrid IIHR-2902 × IIHR-2852 showed the presence of both Ty-2 and Ty-3 alleles in the homozygous state. The estimation of σSCA2 and σGCA2 was significant. It also indicated that the genetic control of target traits was under additive and non-additive gene effects. The values of σA/D2 along with σGCA2/σSCA2 found to be less than unity indicates the preponderance of non-additive gene action in the expression of the studied traits except for percent disease incidence. The parental line IIHR-2919 was the best combiner for fruit and yield traits. The cross combinations IIHR-2913 × IIHR-2898 exhibited significantly higher economic heterosis for yield along with the presence of Ty-2 and Ty-3 genes. The study paves the way for breeding high yielding and ToLCV-resistant hybrids in tomato.

scholarly journals Heterosis and combining ability studies by Line × tester analysis for fruit biochemical, morpho-physiological, and yield traits governing shelf life in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
pavan MP ◽  
Gangaprasad S ◽  
Dushyanthakumar B M ◽  
Nagrajappa Adivappar
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Additive Gene

Abstract Improving tomatoes keeping quality is crucial for reducing post-harvest losses. Knowledge on heterosis, and combining ability is pre requisite for breeding high yielding and good shelf life heterotic hybrids. An investigation was undertaken with each of 3 lines, testers, and 9 hybrids to identify desirable parents and crosses for 20 fruit biochemical, morpho-physiological, and yield traits and to elucidate nature of gene action for shelf life and its contributing traits through Line × Tester analysis. The lines contributed to most of hybrids variability than testers and fruit quality traits had higher degree of SCA variance as compared to GCA variance. pH, ascorbic acid, fruit firmness, and plant height governed by additive gene action. Lycopene, titratable acidity, TSS, calcium, magnesium, pericarp thickness, pulp content, locule number, fruit length, diameter, weight, shelf life, number of branches, number of clusters, number of fruit/cluster, and yield/plant were under the control of non-additive gene action. All the lines and Arka Saurabh were best general combiners and IIHR 2349 × Arka Vikas, IIHR 2349 × Arka Saurabh, IIHR 2358 × Arka Ahuti and IIHR 2357 × Arka Ahuti were the best specific combiner in producing heterotic hybrids. IIHR 2349 × Arka Vikas and IIHR 2349 × Arka Saurabh were promising hybrids for high yield and shelf life. The crosses involved both parents with high, one parent with high and other with low and both parents with low good overall general combining ability status respectively indicated the additive, non-additive and epistatic gene action in fruit quality and yield traits inheritance.

scholarly journals Evaluating Genetic Parameters and Combining Ability of Starch Viscosity Parameters in Rice Cultivars (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Alireza Haghighi Hasanalideh ◽  
Mehrzad Allahgholipour ◽  
Ezatollah Farshadfar
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Additive Gene

This study was undertaken to assess the combining ability of 6 rice varieties, for viscosity parameters and determining gene action controlling Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) characters. F2 progenies derived from a 6×6 half diallel mating design with their parents were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII) in 2015. The diallel analysis by Griffing`s method indicated the involvement of additive and non-additive gene actions controlling RVA traits. For traits PV and FV RI18447-2 and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing, respectively. Deylamani and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing BV, respectively. Beside, due to more portion of non-additive gene action in controlling trait SV, The Gilaneh × RI18430-46, and Deylamani × RI18430-46 crosses were the best for increasing and decreasing SV, respectively. The high estimates of broad sense heritability and narrow sense heritability for BV and FV, indicated the importance of additive effects in expression of these traits. Therefore, selection base breeding methods will be useful to improve these traits and selection in the early generations could be done to fix the favourable genes. Low estimate of narrow sense heritability for SV revealed that non-additive gene effects play important role in controlling setback viscosity. So, hybrid base breeding methods will be useful to improve this trait.

scholarly journals Genetic variability and trait relationship in cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. var. cerasiforme (Dunnal) A. Gray)

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
HC Mohanta ◽  
MR Ismail ◽  
MY Rafii ◽  
MA Malek
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Additive Gene

Nine traits of 11 cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) var. cerasiforme (Dunal) A. Gray) inbred lines exhibited a wide range of genetic variability. High geno- and phenotypic coefficients of variation were obtained for individual fruit weight (68.16 and 74.23%, respectively) followed by number of fruits/plant (58.8 and 68.34%, respectively). High estimates of heritability, genetic advance and genotypic coefficient of variation for the traits of individual fruit weight, number of fruits and clusters/plant were controlled by additive gene action indicating the possibility of selection to improve these characters. Fruit yield/plant showed low heritability along with low genetic advance and did not show significant and positive correlation with the remaining characters. It indicates that improvement of high yield through selection is difficult, rather hybridization can be effective for improving the fruit yield/plant. Among the lines, CH154 produced the highest number of fruits/plant (291) and highest fruit yield (1.89 kg/plant and 63.4 t/ha) and can be selected for cultivation under Bangladesh condition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i2.13443 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(2): 163-167, 2012 (December)

scholarly journals GENE ACTIONS OF TRAITS CONTRIBUTING TO LODGING RESISTANCE IN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L)

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. I. Sarker ◽  
A. K. M. Shamsuddin ◽  
R. Ara
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Additive Genes

Estimates of gene action for lodging related traits at Wheat Research Center during 1999-2002 in three crosses of wheat showed different genetic control of the traits among the crosses. For almost all traits, additive or dominance effects or both components were significant in either three- or six-parameter model, indicating that both additive and dominance gene effects were operative for different traits contributing to lodging resistance. Although duplicate type of epistasis was also observed for second internode breaking strength, plant height and spikes per plant and grain yield per plant once in different crosses, additive x additive epistasis along with additive gene action for the aforesaid traits would improve selection of the same in the segregating populations. The additive x dominance gene interaction for second internode length, diameter and wall thickness would be useful too for improvement of second internode breaking strength and consequently lodging resistance, as their inheritance and selection in segregating populations would be relatively easier than the traits controlled by completely non-additive genes. For duplicate type of epistasis biparental mating or recurrent selection followed by conventional selection is suggested.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v20i2.17031

scholarly journals Combining Ability Analysis of Blast Disease Resistance and Agronomic Traits in Finger Millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn]

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Owere ◽  
Pangirayi Tongoona ◽  
John Derera ◽  
Nelson Wanyera
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene

<p>Blast disease is the most important biotic constraint to finger millet production. Therefore disease resistant varieties are required. However, there is limited information on combining ability for resistance and indeed other agronomic traits of the germplasm in Uganda. This study was carried out to estimate the combining ability and gene effects controlling blast disease resistance and selected agronomic traits in finger millet. Thirty six crosses were generated from a 9 × 9 half diallel mating design. The seed from the 36 F<sub>1</sub> crosses were advanced by selfing and the F<sub>2</sub> families and their parents were evaluated in three replications. General combining ability (GCA) for head blast resistance and the other agronomic traits were all highly significant (p ≤ 0.01), whereas specific combining ability (SCA) was highly significant for all traits except grain yield and grain mass head<sup>-1</sup>. On partitioning the mean sum of squares, the GCA values ranged from 31.65% to 53.05% for head blast incidence and severity respectively, and 36.18% to 77.22% for the other agronomic traits measured. Additive gene effects were found to be predominant for head blast severity, days to 50% flowering, grain yield, number of productive tillers plant<sup>-1</sup>, grain mass head<sup>-1</sup>, plant height and panicle length. Non-additive gene action was predominant for number of fingers head<sup>-1</sup>, finger width and panicle width. The parents which contributed towards high yield were <em>Seremi 2</em>, <em>Achaki</em>, <em>Otunduru</em>, <em>Bulo</em> and <em>Amumwari</em>. Generally, highly significant additive gene action implied that progress would be made through selection whereas non-additive gene action could slow selection progress and indicated selection in the later generations.</p>

Combining ability and heterosis studyin maize inbreds throughout diallel mating design

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-609
Author(s):  
ANMS Karim ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
AH Akhi ◽  
MZA Talukder ◽  
A Karim
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Type ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Ear Height

Combining ability effects were estimated for grain yield and some other important agronomic traits of maize in a 7×7 diallel analysis excluding reciprocals. The variances for general combining ability (GCA) were found significant for yield, days to pollen shedding, days to silking and ear height while it was found non-significant for plant height and number of kernels/ear. Non-significant general combining ability (GCA) variance for plant height and number of kernels/ear indicates that these two traits were predominantly controlled by non- additive type of gene action. Specific combining ability (SCA) was significant for all the characters except yield and days to silking. Non-significant specific combining ability (SCA) variance for yield and days to silking suggests that these two traits were predominantly controlled by additive type of gene action. Both GCA and SCA variances were found significant only in days to pollen shedding and ear height indicated the presence of additive as well as non additive gene effects for controlling the traits. However, relative magnitude of these variances indicated that additive gene effects were more prominent for all the characters studied except days to silking. Parent BIL95 was the best general combiner for both high yield and number of kernels/ear and parent BML4 for dwarf plant type. Two crosses (BML4× BML36 and BIL114× BIL31) exhibited significant and positive SCA effects for grain yield involved low × average and average × average general combining parents. The range of heterosis expressed by different crosses for grain yield and days to silking was from -65.83 to 21.26 percent and -17.85 to 8.22 percent, respectively.. The better performing three crosses (BIL114×BIL31, BIL138×BIL95 and BIL31×BIL95) can be utilized for developing high yielding hybrid varieties as well as for exploiting hybrid vigour.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(4): 599-609, December 2018

MODE OF INHERITANCE AND GENE ACTION FOR YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN PHASEOLUS AUREUS

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejinder P. Singh ◽  
K. B. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Components Of Variance ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Graphic Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Dominant Genes

A diallel study of yield and its components in F1, F2, F3 and backcross generations was used to estimate components of genetic variation and type of gene action. Graphical and components of variance analyses revealed the importance of non-additive gene action for yield, pods per plant and clusters per plant. Additive gene action was important for 100-seed weight. Partial dominance for yield and seed size and partial- to over-dominance for pods per plant, clusters per plant and pods per cluster was evident from the graphic analysis. Dominant genes seem to govern inheritance of high yield and fewer pods per plant. The study indicated the appropriateness of studying one additional generation, either F2 or backcross, to confirm the F1 results. Implication of this study on breeding methodology is discussed.

scholarly journals Pewarisan Karakter Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif pada Hipokotil dan Kotiledon Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Silangan IPB T64 x IPB T3

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlina Mustafa ◽  
Muhamad Syukur ◽  
Surjono Hadi Sutjahjo ◽  
Sobir .
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Hypocotyl Length ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Qualitative Characters ◽  
High Level ◽  
Epistasis Effect

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Hypocotyl and cotyledon are potentially used as effective morphological markers since they can be detected earlier. Information on inheritance of tomato hypocotyl and cotyledon was not available. The aims of this research was to study the inheritance of qualitative and quantitative characters of tomato hypocotyl and cotyledon. This research used six population, P1 green hypocotyl (IPB T64), P2 purple hypocotyl (IPB T3), F1, F1R, BCP1, BCP2, and F2. Analysis of qualitative characters used Mendelian and gene action of quantitative characters used joint scaling test. The results of Mendelian indicated that the character of hypocotyl color was controlled by two genes of dominant-recessive epistasis. The gene controlling purple color was dominant to the green color gene. Based on the F2 distribution test, hypocotyl length, cotyledon length and width were controlled by polygenes. There was no influence of maternal effect. The results of the joint scaling test showed gene action of hypocotyl length was controlled by additive gene with influence of additive-dominant epistasis. Length and width of the cotyledon were controlled by additive gene and influence of duplicate epistasis effect. All characters had high level of broad sense heritability and medium level of narrow sense heritability.<br />Keywords: cotyledone, gene action, heritability, hypocotyle, morphology marker.</p><p>ABSTRAK<br />Hipokotil dan kotiledon berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai marka morfologi yang efektif karena dapat dideteksi lebih dini. Informasi pola pewarisan karakter hipokotil dan kotiledon tomat belum banyak tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pola pewarisan karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif dari hipokotil dan kotiledon tomat sebagai marka morfologi pada tahap awal pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan enam set populasi yaitu P1 hipokotil hijau (IPB T64), P2 hipokoti ungu (IPB T3), F1, F1R, BCP1, BCP2, dan F2. Karakter kualitatif menggunakan analisis Mendel dan pendugaan aksi gen karakter kuantitatif menggunakan analisis skala gabungan. Hasil analisis Mendel menunjukkan bahwa karakter warna hipokotil dikendalikan oleh dua pasang gen epistasis dominan-resesif. Gen pengendali warna ungu bersifat dominan terhadap warna hijau pada hipokotil tomat. Panjang hipokotil, panjang dan lebar kotiledon dikendalikan oleh banyak gen dan tidak ada pengaruh tetua betina berdasarkan uji sebaran populai F2. Hasil analisis skala gabungan menunjukkan bahwa aksi gen karakter panjang hipokotil dikendalikan oleh gen aditif dengan pengaruh epistasis aditif dominan, panjang dan lebar kotiledon dikendalikan oleh gen dominan dengan pengaruh epistasis duplikat. Semua karakter yang diamati memiliki nilai heritabilitas arti luas dalam tingkatan yang tinggi, sedangkan heritabilitas arti sempit dalam tingkatan yang sedang.<br />Kata kunci: aksi gen, heritabilitas, hipikotil, kotiledon, marka morfologi.</p>

scholarly journals DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF ROUGH BLOSSOM-END SCARRING IN TOMATO

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1172e-1172
Author(s):  
J. H. M. Barten ◽  
J. W. Scott ◽  
J. Elkind ◽  
N. Kedar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Half Diallel

A half diallel including 11 parents was conducted under high temp. conditions in Florida and low temp. conditions in Israel. Blossom scar (BS) size was measured relative to the fruit size for 20 mature fruits per plot. Griffing's analysis showed that both GCA and SCA effects were highly significant at both locations (p< 0.0001). Analysis according to Hayman indicated no epistatic effects. In both environments, additive and dominant gene action was significant (p < 0.0005), although the additive gene effects were most important. Averaged over all loci, the incomplete dominance was in the direction of small BS. Narrow sense heritability estimates were 0.62 and 0.57 for Florida and Israel, respectively. Combined analysis showed that the genetic system was unstable over the 2 environments, as both additive and dominant gene effects interacted significantly with environment (p < 0.0001). The implication for breeding programs is that hybrid performance should be tested at several locations to insure stability of small BS.

scholarly journals Parameter Genetik dan Deteksi Segregan Transgresif pada Populasi Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) Generasi F3

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Nurhidayah ◽  
Yudiwanti Wahyu ◽  
Dan Willy Bayuardi Suwarno
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Genetic Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Transgressive Segregants ◽  
Genetic Coefficient

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>Selection of transgressive segregants is considered as one effective way of obtaining peanut genotypes with high yield on early segregation. The objective of the study was to estimate genetic parameters and to identify transgressive segregants of peanut family in F3 generation. The experiment was conducted at Leuwikopo, Dramaga, Bogor on August-Desember 2014. The genetic materials evaluated were 218 family F3 generation from 5 biparental population (Jerapah/GWS79A1, GWS79A1/Zebra, GWS79A1/Jerapah, Zebra/GWS79A1 and Zebra/GWS18) and 4 commercial varieties as checks (Gajah, Jerapah, Sima, and Zebra). The experiment was conducted in an augmented randomized complete block design with 4 replications for the checks. The results showed that quantitative characters had continuous distribution and they were controlled by many genes with additive, dominance, complementary epistasis, or additive epistasis gene action. Total number of pod and number of pod had high heritability and moderate genetic coefficient of variation. Selection with 10% intensity showed that 22 families had large total number of pods while six families had larger total number of pods than both parents. Family U2-39 estimated was identified as a putative transgressive segregant with high total number of pod and had smaller variance within family than Sima variety. <br /><br />Keywords: additive,gene action, heritability, GCV

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