Adaptability analysis in a participatory variety trial of organic vegetable crops

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Lyon ◽  
William Tracy ◽  
Micaela Colley ◽  
Patrick Culbert ◽  
Michael Mazourek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Environmental Index ◽  
Specific Adaptation ◽  
Variety Performance ◽  
On Farm

AbstractSuccessful organic farming requires crop varieties that are resilient to environmental variability. Assessing variety performance across the range of conditions represented on working farms is vital to developing such varieties; however, data collected from on-farm, participatory trials can be difficult to both collect and interpret. To assess the utility of data arising from participatory trialing efforts, we examined the performance of butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata L.), broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) and carrot (Daucus carota L.) varieties grown in diverse organic production environments in participatory trials in Oregon, Washington, Wisconsin and New York using adaptability analysis (regression of variety means on environmental index). Patterns of adaptation varied across varieties, with some demonstrating broad adaptation and others showing specific adaptation to low- or high-yielding environments. Selection of varieties with broad vs specific adaptation should be guided by farmers’ risk tolerance and on-farm environmental variation. Adaptability analysis was appropriate for continuous variables (e.g., yield traits), but less so for ordinal variables and quality traits such as flavor and appearance, which can be vitally important in organic vegetable crop variety selection. The relative advantages of adaptability analysis and additive main effects and multiplicative interactions are also discussed in relation to on-farm trial networks. This work demonstrated the unique challenges presented by extensive participatory vegetable trialing efforts, which, as compared to grain crops, require novel approaches to facilitating farmer participation as well as data collection and analysis. Efficient, precise and reliable methods for evaluating quality related traits in these crops would allow researchers to assess stability and adaptation across a wider range of traits, providing advantages for effective plant breeding and trialing activities within the organic sector.

scholarly journals Self identified research needs of New York organic farmers

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian P. Baker ◽  
Douglas B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
New York State ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Insect Management ◽  
Farm Work ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Insufficient Time ◽  
On Farm

AbstractA survey of organic farmers in New York State identified problems in need of university research. Weed management was the most frequently mentioned problem by far, identified as significant by two-thirds of the organic farmers. Only a few other problems were listed as significant, including insufficient time for farm work, lack of markets, low prices, and lack of appropriate tools. These were cited by more than a third of the farmers. Drought, insect management, and a lack of a dependable supply of labor were cited by about one-third of the respondents. The survey also examined organic farmers' information sources. They do not use conventional sources of agricultural information, such as the extension service and conventional agricultural media, as much as books, magazines, and newsletters on organic f arming, other organic f armers, and on-farm experiments. Many respondents noted that local extension agents did not know very much about non-chemical solutions to organic production problems. They considered University Extension to be accessible, but not very useful in solving problems specific to organic farming, and had many suggestions to improve Land Grant research in organic agriculture.

Economic performance of organic vs conventional vegetables production in Gaza strip

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abu Shaban
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Lower Production

Organic farming has achieved significant growth in developing countries. However, it is still in some areas such as Gaza strip at embryonic stage. Introduction and promotion of organic farming would need more information about economic feasibility of shifting from the existing conventional farms to organic farming system. This is the main aim of this study. Data was collected from 100 randomly selected farmers in southern area of Gaza strip using standard questionnaire. Additional focus group discussions were conducted for further qualitative analyses. Data was also collected from the organic farm of Safe Agriculture Association where vegetables are organically produced and marketed. Gross margin and comparative analyses were used to describe cost structure of conventional and organic production and to assess economic potentialities to shift to organic farming. Results varied among vegetable crops as some crops showed very high economic potential to shift to organic farming while other crops did not. Major reasons for crops with good potential were higher yield under organic farming, premium market prices and lower production costs. Major reasons for lower economic potential to shift were the significant lower yield and higher production costs. The study recommends further technical research to explore organic production techniques that allows for higher yield and lower production cost. The study also recommends further market research to investigate consumers' preferences and willingness to pay for organic products.

scholarly journals Profitability of Organic Vegetable Production via Sod Based Rotation and Conventional Versus Strip Tillage in the Southern Coastal Plain

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Ahmadiani ◽  
Chun Li ◽  
Yaqin Liu ◽  
Esendugue Greg Fonsah ◽  
Christine Bliss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
The North ◽  
Organic Vegetable Production ◽  
Strip Tillage ◽  
Rotation Sequence

<p class="sar-body"><span lang="EN-US">There are little economic data concerning the profitability of organic vegetable crops in the Southern Coastal Plain, especially in reference to sod-based rotation and tillage alternatives.  A three-year experiment was conducted at the North Florida Research and Education Center-Quincy involving a crop rotation sequence of oats and rye (winter), bush beans (spring), soybean (summer) and broccoli (fall). Bush beans and broccoli were the cash crops. This paper presents analyses of the riskiness of organic production utilizing years in bahiagrass prior to initiating the crop rotation sequence and conventional tillage (CT) versus strip tillage (ST). Methods of “Risk-rated enterprise budget” and “Analyses of Variance-Covariance Matrix (ANOVA)” were utilized for determining relative profitability, and coefficient of variation was applied for measuring riskiness of each treatment. Three years of bahiagrass prior to initiating the crop rotation sequence, in combination with conventional tillage, had the highest profitability and ranked as the least risky scenario.  The second most profitable treatment was conventional tillage with four years of bahiagrass. Focusing on strip tillage, four years of bahiagrass with strip-tillage ranked third in term of profitability.</span></p>

scholarly journals Agronomic Comparisons of Organic and Conventional Soybean with Recommended and High Inputs during the First 4 Years of Organic Management

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 602
Author(s):  
Cox ◽  
Cherney ◽  
Sorrells
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
High Input ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Organic Dairy ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Yield Penalty

Organic soybean hectares will increase in the Northeast United States of America (USA) because of demand by the expanding organic dairy industry. We evaluated organic and conventional soybean with recommended and high inputs (high seeding rate + organic seed treatment in organic system) from 2015 to 2018 in New York, USA to determine if high input management could reduce the yield penalty in organic soybean. Organic compared with conventional soybean yielded similarly in 2015 and 2016 but ≈ 11% lower in 2017 and 2018. Organic compared with conventional soybean had similar early and harvest plant densities in 2017 but lower early and harvest plant densities in 2018 when both densities correlated with yield (r = 0.33 and 0.36, respectively). Weed densities in organic soybean were low (<0.77 weeds/m2 in all years). Nevertheless, organic compared with conventional soybean in 3 of 4 years had greater weed densities, which had significant negative correlations with yield in 2015 (r = −0.36), 2017 (r = −0.53) and 2018 (r = −0.36). Organic compared with conventional soybean mostly had fewer pods/plant and greater seed weight but yield components showed no consistent correlations with yield. Organic soybean had similar weed densities and yield with recommended and high input management in all years indicating that growers should probably plant organic soybean at recommended seeding rates (370,500 seeds/ha) during the first 4 years of organic production under similar environmental conditions of this study.

scholarly journals Artificial Counselor System for Stock Investment

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 9558-9564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi NekoeiQachkanloo ◽  
Benyamin Ghojogh ◽  
Ali Saheb Pasand ◽  
Mark Crowley
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
New York Stock Exchange ◽  
Stock Investment ◽  
York Stock Exchange ◽  
Markowitz Portfolio ◽  
Technical Features

This paper proposes a novel trading system which plays the role of an artificial counselor for stock investment. In this paper, the stock future prices (technical features) are predicted using Support Vector Regression. Thereafter, the predicted prices are used to recommend which portions of the budget an investor should invest in different existing stocks to have an optimum expected profit considering their level of risk tolerance. Two different methods are used for suggesting best portions, which are Markowitz portfolio theory and fuzzy investment counselor. The first approach is an optimization-based method which considers merely technical features, while the second approach is based on Fuzzy Logic taking into account both technical and fundamental features of the stock market. The experimental results on New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) show the effectiveness of the proposed system.

scholarly journals AN ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF TWO YEARS OF ON-FARM PLASTIC MULCH EXPERIMENTS FOR SELECTED VEGETABLE CROPS IN BUTLER COUNTY, ALABAMA

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 857H-857
Author(s):  
N. Baharanyi ◽  
C. Stevens ◽  
V. Khan ◽  
A. Siaway
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Collard Greens ◽  
The Cost ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Enterprise Budgets

This study evaluated the potential economic returns of two years of on-farm plastic mulch experiments for `Market Topper' cabbage and `Vates' collard greens conducted on a field with serious weed and nematode problems in Butler County, Alabama. Assuming 1987 and 1988 wholesale prices for vegetable crops in Alabama and other appropriate prices for various inputs used, and after adjusting the cost of plastics in the enterprise budgets for having used the same in the two years, the estimated return for cabbage harvested from plastic mulch experiments was 5 times greater in 1987 ($2,776.83 and $551.02) and more than 10 times in 1988 ($2,775.00 and $49.40) than from non-covered field. The estimated return for collard greens from plastic mulch experiments was also 5 times greater in 19.87 ($1,416.70 and $287.96) and more than 10 times in 1988 ($339.50 and -$444.20) than from non-covered field. Questions remain as to the perceived economic benefits for other farmers and the non-biodegradable nature of the plastic used.

scholarly journals Future fuel supply systems for organic production based on Fischer–Tropsch diesel and dimethyl ether from on-farm-grown biomass

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ahlgren ◽  
A. Baky ◽  
S. Bernesson ◽  
Å. Nordberg ◽  
O. Norén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Fuel Supply ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Supply Systems

Economic performance of organic vs conventional vegetables production in Gaza strip

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abu Shaban
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Lower Production

Organic farming has achieved significant growth in developing countries. However, it is still in some areas such as Gaza strip at embryonic stage. Introduction and promotion of organic farming would need more information about economic feasibility of shifting from the existing conventional farms to organic farming system. This is the main aim of this study. Data was collected from 100 randomly selected farmers in southern area of Gaza strip using standard questionnaire. Additional focus group discussions were conducted for further qualitative analyses. Data was also collected from the organic farm of Safe Agriculture Association where vegetables are organically produced and marketed. Gross margin and comparative analyses were used to describe cost structure of conventional and organic production and to assess economic potentialities to shift to organic farming. Results varied among vegetable crops as some crops showed very high economic potential to shift to organic farming while other crops did not. Major reasons for crops with good potential were higher yield under organic farming, premium market prices and lower production costs. Major reasons for lower economic potential to shift were the significant lower yield and higher production costs. The study recommends further technical research to explore organic production techniques that allows for higher yield and lower production cost. The study also recommends further market research to investigate consumers' preferences and willingness to pay for organic products.

Organic production of vegetables: State of the art and challenges

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 1055-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dorais
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Safety Issue ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Growth Promoters

In light of the growing concern of Canadians about animal waste, environmental pollution from fertilizers, water quality and greenhouse gas effects, as well as their growing interest in organically grown foods (20% annual growth in North America), the development of sustainable organic production systems for vegetable crops is essential for consumer satisfaction and Canadian grower competitiveness. The target of this paper is to review recent research results on the importance of appropriate soil properties, fertilizers and irrigation management on soil activity, plant growth and environmental health as well as product quality in term of nutritional value and safety issue. Species and cultivar selection, the use of grafting and plant growth promoters will also be discussed. This review will identify new challenges that organic growers have to fulfill in the face of a global market and public awareness of health attributes of food, and then conclude by identifying several prospects for future research with emphasis on the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada research program. Key words: Horticulture, organic farming, organic vegetable, research

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