Effect of different levels of digestible lysine on performance, and blood parameters of male and female broilers in the starter period

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 221-221
Author(s):  
F Alemi ◽  
M Shivazad ◽  
M Zaghari ◽  
H Moravej ◽  
A Mahdavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Increase Weight Gain ◽  
Improve Body Composition ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Ideal

Lysine is the reference amino acid (AA) in the ideal AA ratios for chickens. Feed formulation based on digestible AA has been shown to increase weight gain and feed intake and improve body composition in broilers. Amino acid (AA) in most feed ingredients will not be totally digested, and knowledge of such efficiency is important in formulating diets and will be used to eliminate differences in absorption efficiencies due to feedstuff sources. This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and blood parameters of broilers fed various levels of DL (Digestible Lysine) supplemented in diets from day 1 to day 18.

scholarly journals Nitrogen balance studies with the milk-fed lamb

1967 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Walker ◽  
L. J. Cook ◽  
K. T. Jagusch
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
N Retention ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Total Body Composition ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Different Levels

1. Thirty-three cross-bred lambs were given reconstituted dried whole cow's milk from 1 week of age at different levels of intake and at different frequencies of feeding.2. Feeding frequency had no effect on live-weight gain, N retention or total body composition.3. Lambs given two feeds daily had significantly heavier abomasums than pair-fed lambs given six feeds daily.4. The weights of fat, protein (N x 6.25) and water in the body were closely related to empty body weight; body composition (% of empty body) was not significantly affected by the level of milk intake or by the rate of growth.5. Live-weight gain was closely related to energy intake (r = +0.99) and to N retention (r = +0.97). A live-weight gain of 100 g was associated with an intake of 511 kcal and a N retention of 2.28 g N.

Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Holstein Heifers when Adding to their Diet Bio-Drugs Containing Cuprum and Cobalt Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Petr M. Makarov ◽  
Irina A. Stepanova ◽  
Anna A. Nazarova ◽  
Svetlana D. Polishchuk ◽  
Gennadiy I. Churilov
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Cobalt Nanoparticles ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The article presents the influence of biopreparations containing nanoparticles of cobalt and cuprum on the physiological state of Holstein heifers in a case of adding them to the diet. We have studied parameters of the animals’ growth and development in dynamics of live weight gain, clinical and biochemical blood parameters, the leucogram and amino acid composition of the experiment animals’ blood during the experiment.

scholarly journals A modified low-protein infant formula supports adequate growth in healthy, term infants: a randomized, double-blind, equivalence trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 962-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie M P Kouwenhoven ◽  
Nadja Antl ◽  
Martijn J J Finken ◽  
Jos W R Twisk ◽  
Eline M van der Beek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Equivalence Trial ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Formula Group

ABSTRACT Background A high protein intake in early life is associated with a risk of obesity later in life. The essential amino acid requirements of formula-fed infants have been reassessed recently, enabling a reduction in total protein content and thus in protein intake. Objectives We aimed to assess the safety of an infant formula with a modified amino acid profile and a modified low-protein (mLP) content in healthy term-born infants. Outcomes were compared with a specifically designed control (CTRL) infant formula. Methods In this double-blind, randomized controlled equivalence trial, infants received either mLP (1.7 g protein/100 kcal; n = 90) or CTRL formula (2.1 g protein/100 kcal; n = 88) from enrollment (age ≤ 45 d) to 6 mo of age. A breastfed group served as a reference (n = 67). Anthropometry and body composition were determined at baseline, 17 wk (including safety blood parameters), and 6 mo of age. The primary outcome was daily weight gain from enrollment up until the age of 17 wk (at an equivalence margin of ±3.0 g/d). Results Weight gain from baseline (mean ± SD age: 31 ± 9 d) up to the age of 17 wk was equivalent between the mLP and CTRL formula groups (27.9 and 28.8 g/d, respectively; difference: −0.86 g/d; 90% CI: −2.36, 0.63 g/d). No differences in other growth parameters, body composition, or in adverse events were observed. Urea was significantly lower in the mLP formula group than in the CTRL formula group (−0.74 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.97, −0.51 mmol/L; P < 0.001). Growth rates, fat mass, fat-free mass, and several essential amino acids were significantly higher in both formula groups than in the breastfed reference group. Conclusions Feeding an infant formula with a modified amino acid profile and a lower protein content from an average age of 1 mo until the age of 6 mo is safe and supports an adequate growth, similar to that of infants consuming CTRL formula. This trial was registered at www.trialregister.nl as Trial NL4677.

scholarly journals Crude protein reduction with amino acid supplementation in tambaqui fingerling diets

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4531
Author(s):  
Charlyan De Sousa Lima ◽  
Marcos Antonio Delmondes Bomfim ◽  
Jefferson Costa de Siqueira ◽  
Eduardo Arruda Teixeira Lanna ◽  
Felipe Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Ideal Protein ◽  
The Ideal

<p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect that reduced crude protein (CP) diets with amino acid  supplementation, based on the ideal protein concept, have on the performance of tambaqui fingerlings. In total, 750 fingerlings with an initial weight of 0.44 ± 0.14 g, were used in a completely randomized design, with six treatments, five replications, and 25 fish per experimental unit. Treatments consisted of six isocaloric, isocalcic, isophosphoric, and isolysinic diets containing 32.0, 30.5, 29.0, 27.5, 26.0, and 24.5% CP. Performance parameters, carcass yield, body composition (body humidity, protein, and fat content), and nitrogen retention efficiency (NRE) of the fish were evaluated. When the CP content was reduced to 27.5%, there was an improvement in weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion, and protein efficiency rate. Feed intake was higher in fish fed diets containing 26% CP, followed by those fed diets containing 29 and 27.5% CP; diets containing other levels of CP did not differ among themselves. CP intake was reduced by the use of diets containing 24% CP, and the carcass yield was not influenced by the treatments. Reduced CP had no influence on body composition. NRE was higher in response to diets containing 26.0 and 24.5% CP. Reducing dietary CP content, from 32.0 to 24.5%, based on the ideal protein concept, is possible for tambaqui fingerlings, and a decrease of up to 24.5% enhances the fish performance.</p>

scholarly journals Divergent Energy Expenditure Impacts Mouse Metabolic Adaptation to Acute High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet Producing Sexually Dimorphic Weight Gain Patterns

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Matthew Morris ◽  
Roberto D. Noland ◽  
Julie A. Allen ◽  
Colin S. McCoin ◽  
Qing Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
High Sucrose

ABSTRACTObjectiveLong-term weight gain can result from cumulative small weight increases due to short-term excess caloric intake during weekends and holidays. Increased physical activity may mediate weight gain through increases in energy expenditure (EE) and reductions in energy balance. Current methods for modulating mouse EE (e.g. – exercise, chemical uncouplers, etc.) have confounding effects. However, it is known that mouse EE linearly increases as housing temperature decreases below the thermoneutral zone.MethodsTo determine how robust differences in baseline EE impact 7-day changes in weight and body composition on low-fat and high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diets, we performed indirect calorimetry measurements in male and female mice housed at divergent temperatures (20°C vs. 30°C).ResultsAs expected, mice housed at 30°C have ∼40% lower total EE and energy intake compared to 20°C mice regardless of diet or sex. Energy balance was increased with HFHS in all groups, with ∼30% greater increases observed in 30°C versus 20°C mice. HFHS increased weight gain regardless of temperature or sex. Interestingly, no HFHS-induced weight gain differences were observed between females at different temperatures. In contrast, 30°C male mice on HFHS gained ∼50% more weight than 20°C males, and ∼80% more weight compared to 30°C females. HFHS increased fat mass across all groups but 2-fold higher gains occurred in 30°C mice compared to 20°C mice. Females gained ∼35% less fat mass than males at both temperatures.ConclusionsTogether, these data reveal an interaction between divergent ambient temperature-induced EE and sex that impacted diet-induced patterns of short-term weight gain and body composition.HighlightsUtilized ambient temperature differences as an experimental tool to study the impact of divergent baseline energy expenditure on metabolic adaptation to high-fat, high-sucrose diet.Baseline energy expenditure and sex interact to impact diet-induced changes in body composition and weight gain.The energy expenditure and sex interaction is a result of an inverse relationship between fat mass gain and weight-adjusted total energy expenditure, as well as, diet-induced non-shivering thermogenesis.These data support that the hypothesis that higher energy expenditure amplifies the coupling of energy intake to energy expenditure during energy dense feeding, resulting in reduced positive energy balance and reduced gains in weight and adiposity.First evidence that energy expenditure level plays a role in the composition of weight gained by female mice during acute HFHS feeding.This study further highlights issues with obesity/energy metabolism research performed in mice at sub-thermoneutral housing temperatures, particularly with sex comparisons.GRAPHIC ABSTRACTLegend: Male and female mice housed at 30°C had lower energy expenditure (EE) & energy intake (EI), while having greater energy balance (EB), during 7-day high-fat/high-sucrose (HFHS) feeding compared to male and female mice, respectively, housed at 20°C. However, female mice had lower EB compared to males at both housing temperature. Female mice housed at 30°C gained less weight than 30°C males but gained the same relative amount of fat mass during acute HFHS feeding. Interestingly, 20°C females gained the same amount of weight as 20°C males but gained primarily fat-free mass, while the males gained the same proportion of fat as 30°C males and females.

scholarly journals Body composition and grip strength are improved in transgenic sickle mice fed a high-protein diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrice L. Capers ◽  
Hyacinth I. Hyacinth ◽  
Shayla Cue ◽  
Prasanthi Chappa ◽  
Tatyana Vikulina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Improve Body Composition

AbstractKey pathophysiology of sickle cell anaemia includes compensatory erythropoiesis, vascular injury and chronic inflammation, which divert amino acids from tissue deposition for growth/weight gain and muscle formation. We hypothesised that sickle mice maintained on an isoenergetic diet with a high percentage of energy derived from protein (35 %), as opposed to a standard diet with 20 % of energy derived from protein, would improve body composition, bone mass and grip strength. Male Berkeley transgenic sickle mice (S;n8–12) were fed either 20 % (S20) or 35 % (S35) diets for 3 months. Grip strength (BIOSEB meter) and body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan) were measured. After 3 months, control mice had the highest bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) (P < 0·005). S35 mice had the largest increase in grip strength. A two-way ANOVA of change in grip strength (P = 0·043) attributed this difference to genotype (P = 0·025) and a trend in type of diet (P = 0·067).l-Arginine (l-Arg) supplementation of the 20 % diet was explored, as a possible mechanism for improvement obtained with the 35 % diet. Townes transgenic sickle mice (TS;n6–9) received 0·8, 1·6, 3·2 or 6·4 %l-Arg based on the same protocol and outcome measures used for the S mice. TS mice fed 1·6 %l-Arg for 3 months (TS1.6) had the highest weight gain, BMD, BMC and lean body mass compared with other groups. TS3.2 mice showed significantly more improvement in grip strength than TS0·8 and TS1.6 mice (P < 0·05). In conclusion, the high-protein diet improved body composition and grip strength. Outcomes observed with TS1.6 and TS3.2 mice, respectively, confirm the hypothesis and reveall-Arg as part of the mechanism.

scholarly journals Crude protein reduction with amino acid supplementation in tambaqui fingerling diets

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4531
Author(s):  
Charlyan De Sousa Lima ◽  
Marcos Antonio Delmondes Bomfim ◽  
Jefferson Costa de Siqueira ◽  
Eduardo Arruda Teixeira Lanna ◽  
Felipe Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Ideal Protein ◽  
The Ideal

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect that reduced crude protein (CP) diets with amino acid supplementation, based on the ideal protein concept, have on the performance of tambaqui fingerlings. In total, 750 fingerlings with an initial weight of 0.44 ± 0.14 g, were used in a completely randomized design, with six treatments, five replications, and 25 fish per experimental unit. Treatments consisted of six isocaloric, isocalcic, isophosphoric, and isolysinic diets containing 32.0, 30.5, 29.0, 27.5, 26.0, and 24.5% CP. Performance parameters, carcass yield, body composition (body humidity, protein, and fat content), and nitrogen retention efficiency (NRE) of the fish were evaluated. When the CP content was reduced to 27.5%, there was an improvement in weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion, and protein efficiency rate. Feed intake was higher in fish fed diets containing 26% CP, followed by those fed diets containing 29 and 27.5% CP; diets containing other levels of CP did not differ among themselves. CP intake was reduced by the use of diets containing 24% CP, and the carcass yield was not influenced by the treatments. Reduced CP had no influence on body composition. NRE was higher in response to diets containing 26.0 and 24.5% CP. Reducing dietary CP content, from 32.0 to 24.5%, based on the ideal protein concept, is possible for tambaqui fingerlings, and a decrease of up to 24.5% enhances the fish performance.

Comparative assessment of average clinical smile parameters in male and female patients with orthognathic occlusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
V. G. Galonsky ◽  
N. V. Tarasova ◽  
V. V. Aliamovskii ◽  
I. S. Leonovich
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Evaluation Of Parameters ◽  
Distinguishing Features ◽  
Vertical Size ◽  
Relative Concept ◽  
The Ideal

Relevance. Separate issues in anthropomorphic sizes of relative norm of the ideal smile, its qualitative and qualitative parameters have not been addressed to sufficiently and are not properly reflected in scientific literature.Purpose. To determine distinguishing features in average smile parameters of the smile in male and female patients with orthognathic occlusion.Materials and methods. A clinical and anthropometric evaluation of parameters in main smile types was carried out for 150 young males and 150 young females aged 19-24 who had identical physiological development parameters.Results. It has been revealed that occurrence frequency of main smile types in patients with orthognathic occlusion has pronounced signs of sexual dimorphism which in over one half of the cases lies in predominance of the incisal smile type in males (52.7%) and the fascial type in females (55.3%). Occurence frequency of the cervical smile type totaled 25% among the studied patients of both genders. Average vertical size parameters in the incisal smile lies within the diapason of 3.91-4.91mm with surpassing by 1mm in males. Analogical data for the fascial smile type form the diapason of 6.21-6.73mm with surpassing by 0.52mm in females. The cervical smile type is characterised by larger vertical size forming the diapason of 7.94-8.91mm with surpassing by 0.97mm in males.Conclusion. The results of the study have shown that the “beautiful and ideal smile” is a relative concept having varied anthropometric characteristics and pronounced signs of sexual dimorphism lying in a broad spectrum of the dentofacial system norm notion with specific vectors for individual morphological deviations.

scholarly journals Early weight gain trajectories and body composition in infancy in infants born very preterm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria A.A. Beunders ◽  
Jorine A. Roelants ◽  
Jessie M. Hulst ◽  
Dimitris Rizopoulos ◽  
Anita C.S. Hokken‐Koelega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Early Weight Gain
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document