Measurement of Hedonic and Eudaimonic Orientations to Happiness: The Spanish Orientations to Happiness Scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Lorente ◽  
Núria Tordera ◽  
José María Peiró
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Orientations To Happiness ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Average Variance ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Item Scale

AbstractUnderstanding happiness and well-being has been one of the central issues for psychologists in recent decades. Happiness orientations have been identified as important pathways toward different types of well-being, and so the development and validation of scales for their measurement is an important step in their study. The present research aims to adapt and validate the Spanish Orientations to Happiness Scale (SOTH), a 6-item scale based on the Orientations to Happiness Questionnaire. This brief scale, which measures hedonic and eudemonic orientations, was administered to 1,647 Spanish workers. Scale structure was subjected to exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) factor analysis to obtain evidence of factorial validity. Evidence for convergent validity was assessed by correlating the scale with two measures of hedonic and eudaimonic well-being, and discriminant validity was assessed with the average variance extracted (AVE). Results of EFA showed a two-factor solution, and CFA partially supported this structure, χ2(8,N= 793) = 36.61, p < .001; RMSEA = .06; SRMR = .05; CFI = .97; ACFI = .96. Results also demonstrated appropriate convergent and discriminant validity. The SOTH Scale has been shown to be reliable (CR indices > .72) and valid (AVE = .50), and so it is a valuable tool for assessing orientations to happiness in the Spanish context. Finally, the scientific value and practical utility of the scale are discussed.

Development and validation of financial well-being related scales

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Diba M.A. Abrantes-Braga ◽  
Tania Veludo-de-Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Additional Income

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop valid and reliable scales for assessing a driver and two obstacles potentially related to financial well-being (FWB): financial preparedness for emergency, beliefs of credit limits as additional income and risky indebtedness behaviour.Design/methodology/approachThe scales were developed from scratch across six studies, employing a two-step methodology, which encompassed both qualitative (e.g. focus group, interviews) and quantitative (i.e. online surveys) data collection. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed to test and validate the proposed scales.FindingsThis study provides a set of three parsimonious, self-reported behavioural measures that could be employed in conjunction with objective economic indicators to identify individuals who are financially ill prepared and potential candidates for delinquency. The three proposed scales achieved satisfactory levels of reliability and convergent and discriminant validity.Research limitations/implicationsThe resulting scales still need to be tested for predictive validity and in different consumer groups. The scales were validated in a single culture population (Brazil, a country that presents extraordinarily high credit card interest rates), and they should be tested cross-culturally in countries with different economic and credit policies.Originality/valueThe literature on FWB has traditionally employed objective financial indicators as an attempt to measure the concept of FWB and its elements. Self-reported behavioural measures of such constructs are scant to the point of being non-existent for some elements. This study is the first to offer scales for measuring the elements of financial preparedness for emergency, beliefs of credit limits as additional income and risky indebtedness behaviour.

scholarly journals Italian Validation of the Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Factor Structure, Reliability, Convergent, and Discriminant Validity

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 578-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Negri ◽  
Marta Bassi ◽  
Antonella Delle Fave
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Italian Context ◽  
Meaning In Life Questionnaire ◽  
Item Scale

Several studies highlighted the role of meaning in life as a major component of well-being and researchers have developed different measures to assess the features of this construct. In the present study, the psychometric properties of the Meaning in Life Questionnaire were investigated in the Italian context. The Meaning in Life Questionnaire is a 10-item scale measuring perceived presence of and search for meaning in life, conceptualized as two separate factors. The former refers to perceived meaning and purpose in life, the latter to the active commitment to find meaning in life. Participants were 464 adults aged 20 to 60 years ( M = 39.34; SD = 10.86; 54.7% women). Factor structure was inspected through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses using a split-sample approach. Internal consistency was assessed through Cronbach’s alphas, interitem and item-scale correlations. Convergent and discriminant validity with measures of well-being, personality, mental health, and physical health were also evaluated. Factor analyses supported the adequacy of the Meaning in Life Questionnaire two-factor structure in the Italian context; internal consistency measures corroborated the measure’s reliability; and correlation matrix coefficients sustained convergent and discriminant validity. Results showed that the Meaning in Life Questionnaire is a valid and reliable measure to assess meaning in life and its relationship with well-being within the Italian context.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) for Sport

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-268
Author(s):  
Daniela Lopes Angelo ◽  
Diógenes Bido ◽  
Mariana Corrêa ◽  
Bruno Hupfer ◽  
Maria Regina Brandão
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Average Variance ◽  
Orientation Test

El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue adaptar y evaluar culturalmente las propiedades psicométricas del Life Orientation Test para el contexto deportivo (LOT-S). La muestra consistió en 953 jóvenes atletas brasileños de ambos sexos, con una edad media de 16 años. Los resultados del análisis factorial confirmatorio produjeron dos dimensiones correlacionadas, que reflejan optimismo y pesimismo, y brindaron apoyo para un modelo de dos factores. Se encontró un ajuste satisfactorio para LOT-S con 6 ítems (χ2=10.96, df=8; RMSEA=.020 (IC 90%=.021-.049); CFI=.995; TLI=990; NFI=.980; GFI=.996; SRMR=.032). También se generaron pruebas satisfactorias de consistencia interna a través del análisis de cargas factoriales y valores t. Los índices alfa de Cronbach (.68/ .65) y la Fiabilidad Compuesta (.72/ .65) fueron adecuados en las variables latentes Optimismo y Pesimismo, respectivamente. Los valores de varianza promedio extraídos fueron insatisfactorios, sin embargo, las correlaciones positivas con Optimismo y las correlaciones negativas con Pesimismo entre Motivación, Resiliencia y Bienestar fueron indicativas de validez convergente. Las correlaciones entre las variables latentes en comparación con las raíces cuadradas de los valores de varianza promedio extraídos de cada constructo mostraron que el modelo tiene validez discriminante. Se logró la invariancia configuracional, métrica y escalar, lo que indica que LOT-S puede medir atletas de ambos sexos por igual. Aunque se necesitan más estudios para confirmar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento, la adaptación de LOT al contexto deportivo fue el primer paso en el futuro sobre la influencia del Optimismo en el rendimiento deportivo Palabras clave: optimismo; pesimismo; dimensionalidad; estudio de validación   The main objective of this research was to culturally adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Life Orientation Test version for the sports context (LOT-S). The sample consisted of 953 young Brazilian athletes of both sexes, with a mean age of 16 years. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis produced two correlated dimensions, reflecting optimism and pessimism, and provided support for a two-factor model. A satisfactory fit for LOT-S with six items was found (χ2=10.96, df=8; RMSEA=.020 (IC 90%=.021-.049); CFI=.995; TLI=990; NFI=.980; GFI=.996; SRMR=.032). Satisfactory tests of internal consistency were also generated through the analysis of factorial loads and t-values. Cronbach's alpha (.68/ .65) and Composite Reliability (.72/ .65) were adequate in Optimism and Pessimism, respectively. The values of average variance extracted were unsatisfactory, however, positive correlations with optimism and negative with pessimism between Motivation, Resilience and Well-Being were indicative of convergent validity. The correlations between the latent variables compared to the square roots of the average variance extracted values of each construct showed that the model has discriminant validity. The configural, metric and scalar invariance was achieved, indicating that the LOT-S can measure athletes of both sexes equally. Although more studies are needed to confirm the psychometric properties of the instrument, adapting the LOT to the sport context was the first step in the future works about the influence of Optimism on sports performance. Keywords: optimism; pessimism; dimensionality; validation study. O principal objetivo desta pesquisa foi adaptar culturalmente e avaliar as propriedades psicométricas do Life Orientation Test para o contexto esportivo (LOT-S). A amostra foi composta por 953 jovens atletas brasileiros de ambos os sexos, com idade média de 16 anos. Os resultados da análise fatorial confirmatória produziram duas dimensões correlacionadas, refletindo otimismo e pessimismo e forneceram suporte para um modelo de dois fatores. Foi encontrado um ajuste satisfatório para LOT-S com seis itens (χ2=10.96, df=8; RMSEA=.020 (IC 90%=.021-.049); CFI=.995; TLI=990; NFI=.980; GFI=.996; SRMR=.032). Testes satisfatórios de consistência interna foram gerados através da análise de cargas fatoriais e valores-t. Os índices alfa de Cronbach (.68/ .65) e de Confiabilidade Composta (72/ .65) foram adequados para Otimismo e Pessimismo, respectivamente. Os valores de variância média extraída foram insatisfatórios, no entanto, correlações positivas entre Otimismo e negativas entre Pessimismo e Motivação, Resiliência e Bem-Estar foram indicativos de validade convergente. As correlações entre as variáveis latentes comparadas às raízes quadradas dos valores de variância média extraída de cada construto mostraram que o modelo possui validade discriminante. A invariância configural, métrica e escalar foi alcançada, indicando que o LOT-S pode medir atletas de ambos os sexos igualmente. Embora sejam necessários mais estudos para confirmar as propriedades psicométricas do instrumento, a adaptação do LOT ao contexto esportivo foi o primeiro passo no futuro para a influência do otimismo no desempenho esportivo Palavras-chave: otimismo; pessimismo; dimensionalidade; estudo de validação.  

scholarly journals Development and Validation of the Holistic Cognition Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Alexander Lux ◽  
Steven Lee Grover ◽  
Stephen Tai Theng Teo
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Average Variance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Cognition Scale ◽  
Holistic Cognition

This paper introduces a new scale to measure cognitive cultural differences, drawing on the theory of analytic versus holistic thought. Examining culture from a cognitive perspective is a challenge to traditional values-based approaches. Existing measures based on this framework are methodologically problematic and warrant renewal. This paper presents development and validation studies for a new instrument that measures analytic versus holistic cognitive tendencies at the individual level. The scale assesses four previously established dimensions: attention, causality, contradiction, and change. The present work follows well-established scale development protocols and the results show that the 16-item Holistic Cognition Scale (HCS) is a valid and reliable measure of analytic versus holistic thought. Three new studies with four unique samples (N = 41; 272; 454; and 454) provide evidence to support the content validity, reliability, and factor structure of the new instrument, as well as its convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity against comparable constructs. Convergent validity is established against measures of compromise, intuition, complexity, and collectivism; predictive validity is established against Hofstede’s (1980) five cultural value dimensions; and discriminant validity is established using the average variance extracted from a confirmatory factor analysis. The new HCS is an improvement over previous attempts with a balanced number of forward- and reverse-scored items, superior reliability, less redundancy, and stronger factor loadings.

An Analysis of the Convergent and Discriminant Validity of the Personal Involvement Inventory and the Consumer Involvement Profile

1989 ◽  
Vol 65 (3_suppl2) ◽  
pp. 1291-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Celuch ◽  
Richard Evans
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
University Students ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Consumer Involvement ◽  
High Involvement ◽  
Personal Involvement ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Undergraduate University Students ◽  
Two Measures

In this paper two measures of involvement, the Personal Involvement Inventory and the Consumer Involvement Profile, were tested for both convergent and discriminant validity in the context of a high involvement product and a low involvement product. The results show that convergent validity does exist between the two measures. In addition, the research depicted the two measures as exhibiting discriminant validity relative to innovativeness and confidence in information processing but not in terms of attitude toward the object and attitude toward the act. Relatively speaking, the high involvement product showed less convergent validity and more discriminant validity than the low involvement product. The research is based on data collected from 76 undergraduate university students.

CODEM Instrument

GeroPsych ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kuemmel (This author contributed eq ◽  
Julia Haberstroh (This author contributed ◽  
Johannes Pantel
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Communication Behavior ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Pearson's R ◽  
Pearson’S R

Communication and communication behaviors in situational contexts are essential conditions for well-being and quality of life in people with dementia. Measuring methods, however, are limited. The CODEM instrument, a standardized observational communication behavior assessment tool, was developed and evaluated on the basis of the current state of research in dementia care and social-communicative behavior. Initially, interrater reliability was examined by means of videoratings (N = 10 people with dementia). Thereupon, six caregivers in six German nursing homes observed 69 residents suffering from dementia and used CODEM to rate their communication behavior. The interrater reliability of CODEM was excellent (mean κ = .79; intraclass correlation = .91). Statistical analysis indicated that CODEM had excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .95). CODEM also showed excellent convergent validity (Pearson’s R = .88) as well as discriminant validity (Pearson’s R = .63). Confirmatory factor analysis verified the two-factor solution of verbal/content aspects and nonverbal/relationship aspects. With regard to the severity of the disease, the content and relational aspects of communication exhibited different trends. CODEM proved to be a reliable, valid, and sensitive assessment tool for examining communication behavior in the field of dementia. CODEM also provides researchers a feasible examination tool for measuring effects of psychosocial intervention studies that strive to improve communication behavior and well-being in dementia.

Psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the spiritual well-being scale (SWBS) in Iranian patients with cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hamid Sharif Nia ◽  
Mobin Mohammadinezhad ◽  
Kelly A. Allen ◽  
Christopher Boyle ◽  
Saeed Pahlevan Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Persian Version ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Iranian Patients

Abstract Objective The spiritual well-being scale (SWBS) is a widely used clinical scale which should be evaluated for Iranian patients with cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the SWBS in Iranian patients with cancer. Method This cross-sectional, methodological study was conducted among Iranian patients with cancer (n = 400). The participants were recruited using convenience sampling. The content, construct, convergent and discriminant validity, and reliability of the Persian version of the SWBS were evaluated. Results A two-factor structure for the scale was indicated with the factors being: connecting with God and meaningless life that explained 54.18% of the total variance of the concept of spiritual well-being. The results demonstrated the model had a good fit. Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and the inter-item correlation values of the factors indicated good internal consistency of the scale. Significance of results These results suggest that the Persian version of the SWBS is a reliable and valid measure to assess the spiritual well-being of patients with cancer through 16 items related to connecting with God and meaningless life.

A Validation Study of the Adolescent Risk-taking Questionnaire

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Gullone ◽  
Jacqueline Paul ◽  
Susan M. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Parent Attachment ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Risk Beliefs ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Adolescent Risk

AbstractThe Adolescent Risk-taking Questionnaire (ARQ) was developed to comprehensively assess adolescent risk-taking beliefs and behaviours. Research has shown that it is a reliable instrument with strong construct validity. The current study investigated the convergent and discriminant validity of the ARQ by comparing responses of a sample of 52 male adolescents from a juvenile justice centre and 211 school-attending male adolescents. Consistent with past research, the juvenile justice centre youth reported significantly higher levels of depression and less optimal levels of parent attachment compared to school-attending youth. Convergent validity of the ARQ was demonstrated through significant relationships between attachment and risk-taking. Specifically, those adolescents with less optimal parent attachment were more likely to engage in risk-taking behaviour and were less likely to perceive the behaviours included in the ARQ as risky compared to those with more optimal levels of parent attachment. Discriminant validity of the ARQ was demonstrated through significant differences between the two groups on risk beliefs and behaviours. Responses on the ARQ indicated that youth from the juvenile justice centre were significantly more likely to engage in risky behaviours, if given the opportunity, than school-based youth. They also perceived the behaviours to be less risky. It was concluded that the ARQ has good convergent and discriminant validity.

scholarly journals Reliability and Validaty of St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) into Indonesian Version

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Adnan Adnan ◽  
Dyah Aryani Perwitasari ◽  
Ully Adhie Mulyani
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Special Instrument ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Group Validity ◽  
Section Design ◽  
St George's Respiratory Questionnaire

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the disease as the highest contributor to the disease burden in Indonesia. Tuberculosis can affect the patients’ quality of life, such as psychological, physical, and social functioning. St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) is a special instrument which was widely used to measure the patients’ quality of life with respiratory disease. The objective of this study was to validate the Indonesian version of the SGRQ as instrument to collect data. A descriptive cross section design with 61 subjects was conducted at the Pulmonary Clinics and Primary Health Centers in the region of Yogyakarta within 3 months. The validation process included the known group validity, convergent and discriminant validity and factor analysis. There were 14 items question numbers which did not meet the criteria for convergent validity and 9 items which did not meet the criteria for discriminant validity. Known group validity analysis on gender showed that of the three domains of SGRQ, the activity domain gave statistically significant result. The factor analysis showed the result of Kaiser Meyer Olkin analysis (KMO) was less than 0.5. With a few modifications, the Indonesian version of SGRQ is valid and reliable for measuring quality of life in tuberculosis patients.

scholarly journals Psychometric Performance of Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescent (RSCA) for Undergraduates in Guangdong, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Hou Yongmei ◽  
Wang Yiyang
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Floor Effect ◽  
Psychometric Performance ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Chinese Adolescent ◽  
Variance Contribution

To analyze the psychometric performance of Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescent (RSCA) for undergraduates in Guangdong. Stratified random sampling method was used to select 1628 undergraduates from 7 colleges in Guangdong. RSCA and Academic Burnout Scale for Chinese Undergraduates (ABSCU) were used to investigate them. Cronbach's αcoefficient and split-half reliability were used to analyze the internal consistency of RSCA. Convergent validity, discriminant validity, factor analysis and criterion validity were used to evaluate its validity. Celling and floor effect were used to analyze its sensitivity. Cronbach's α coefficient of the total questionniar, 2 domains and 5 factors were0.72-0.86, which met the requirements of the group comparison. Spearman-Brown split-half coefficient of the total questionniar, 2 domains and 5 factors were 0.71-0.89. The calibration success rate of convergent and discriminant validity of 5 factors were all 100%. The calibration success rate of convergent and discriminant validity of 2 domains were all above 86.7%. Five principal components obtained from 27 items, witha cumulative variance contribution rate of48.79% and two principal components obtained from 5 factors, withacumulative variance contribution rateof 65.23%,which basically metthe theoretical conception of RSCA. The total score of RSCA significantly predicted the total score of ABSCU (Radj2=0.158, P<0.001). The total score, scores of 2 domains and 5 factors of RSCA were all normal distribution, without any celling or floor effect. The psychometric performance of RSCA for undergraduates in Guangdong were valid and reliable.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document