CODEM Instrument

Communication and communication behaviors in situational contexts are essential conditions for well-being and quality of life in people with dementia. Measuring methods, however, are limited. The CODEM instrument, a standardized observational communication behavior assessment tool, was developed and evaluated on the basis of the current state of research in dementia care and social-communicative behavior. Initially, interrater reliability was examined by means of videoratings (N = 10 people with dementia). Thereupon, six caregivers in six German nursing homes observed 69 residents suffering from dementia and used CODEM to rate their communication behavior. The interrater reliability of CODEM was excellent (mean κ = .79; intraclass correlation = .91). Statistical analysis indicated that CODEM had excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .95). CODEM also showed excellent convergent validity (Pearson’s R = .88) as well as discriminant validity (Pearson’s R = .63). Confirmatory factor analysis verified the two-factor solution of verbal/content aspects and nonverbal/relationship aspects. With regard to the severity of the disease, the content and relational aspects of communication exhibited different trends. CODEM proved to be a reliable, valid, and sensitive assessment tool for examining communication behavior in the field of dementia. CODEM also provides researchers a feasible examination tool for measuring effects of psychosocial intervention studies that strive to improve communication behavior and well-being in dementia.

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Validation of the Indonesian version of the graded chronic pain scale 2.0 in pain-related temporomandibular disorders

Medical Journal of Indonesia ◽

10.13181/mji.oa.191790 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 42-6

Author(s):

Ira Tanti ◽

Vivi Vidya Waty Wira ◽

Yenni Pragustine ◽

Laura Susanti Himawan ◽

Nina Ariani

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Temporomandibular Disorders ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Disability Score ◽

Positive Correlation

BACKGROUND Pain associated with oral problems is one of the most frequent chronic pain of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). This study was conducted to analyze the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the graded chronic pain scale 2.0 (GCPS-ID) in Indonesian patients with TMDs. METHODS The English version of the GCPS version 2.0 was translated and back-translated according to international guidelines. This study conducted from June to December 2016 at the Dental Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, and the participants were 202 TMDs patients who had never undergone temporomandibular joint surgery or suffered facial pain for more than 6 months. The evaluation of the GCPS-ID included the internal consistency test, test-retest reliability, and construct validity tests. RESULTS The GCPS-ID had a high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.896). The intraclass correlation coefficient of the pain intensity and the disability score were 0.789 and 0.706, respectively. The convergent validity demonstrated a moderately positive correlation between the GCPS-ID and the Indonesian version of oral health impact profile for TMD for pain (r = 0.595; p<0.001) and disability (r = 0.488; p<0.001). The discriminant validity between GCPS-ID and the subjective patient’s quality of life revealed a weak positive correlation (r = 0.195; p = 0.191). CONCLUSIONS GCPS-ID is a reliable and valid assessment tool for evaluating TMD pain in Indonesia.

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Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT)—Development, Validity, and Reliability

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17249495 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (24) ◽

pp. 9495

Author(s):

Wilmar B. Schaufeli ◽

Steffie Desart ◽

Hans De Witte

Keyword(s):

Factor Structure ◽

Work Engagement ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Well Being ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Psychometric Characteristics ◽

Dialectical Approach ◽

Adequate Reliability

This paper introduces a new definition for burnout and investigates the psychometric properties of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT). In a prior qualitative study, 49 practitioners were interviewed about their conceptualization of burnout (part 1). Using a dialectical approach, four core dimensions—exhaustion, mental distance, and impaired emotional and cognitive impairment—and three secondary dimensions—depressed mood, psychological distress, and psychosomatic complaints—emerged, which constitute the basis of the BAT. In the second study, the psychometric characteristics of the BAT were investigated in a representative sample of 1500 Flemish employees, focusing on factorial validity, reliability, and construct validity, respectively. Results demonstrate the assumed four-factor structure for the core dimensions, which is best represented by one general burnout factor. Contrary to expectations, instead of a three-factor structure, a two-factor structure was found for the secondary dimensions. Furthermore, the BAT and its subscales show adequate reliability. Convergent validity and discriminant validity with other burnout measures—including the MBI and OLBI—was demonstrated, as well as discriminant validity with other well-being constructs, such as work engagement and workaholism.

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Development and preliminary evaluation of the anxiety in cognitive impairment and dementia (ACID) scales

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610215001027 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (11) ◽

pp. 1825-1838 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lindsay A. Gerolimatos ◽

Caroline M. Ciliberti ◽

Jeffrey J. Gregg ◽

Sarra Nazem ◽

Patricia M. Bamonti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Functional Ability ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Well Being ◽

Self Report ◽

Preliminary Evaluation ◽

Term Care ◽

General Physical

ABSTRACTBackground:Although rates of anxiety tend to decrease across late life, rates of anxiety increase among a subset of older adults, those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. Our understanding of anxiety in dementia is limited, in part, by a lack of anxiety measures designed for use with this population. This study sought to address limitations of the literature by developing a new measure of anxiety for cognitively impaired individuals, the anxiety in cognitive impairment and dementia (ACID) Scales, which includes both proxy (ACID-PR) and self-report (ACID-SR) versions.Methods:The ACID-SR and ACID-PR were administered to 45 residents, aged 60 years and older, of three long-term care (LTC) facilities, and 38 professional caregivers at these facilities. Other measures of anxiety, and measures of depression, functional ability, cognition, and general physical and mental health were also administered.Results:Initial evaluation of its psychometric properties revealed adequate to good internal consistency for the ACID-PR and ACID-SR. Evidence for convergent validity of measures obtained with the ACID-SR and ACID-PR was demonstrated by moderate-to-strong associations with measures of worry, depressive symptoms, and general mental health. Discriminant validity of measures obtained with the ACID-SR and ACID-PR was demonstrated by weak correlations with measures of cognition, functional ability, and general physical well-being.Conclusions:The preliminary results suggest that the ACID-SR and ACID-PR can obtain reliable and valid measures of anxiety among individuals with cognitive impairment. Given the subjective nature of anxiety, it may be prudent to collect self-report of anxiety symptoms even among those with moderate cognitive impairment.

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Assessing Balance Function in Patients With Total Knee Arthroplasty

Physical Therapy ◽

10.2522/ptj.20140486 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 95 (10) ◽

pp. 1397-1407 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Andy C.M. Chan ◽

Marco Y.C. Pang

Keyword(s):

Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Knee Arthroplasty ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Interrater Reliability ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Cronbach Alpha ◽

Ceiling Effects ◽

Total Knee ◽

Abc Scale

BackgroundThe Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) is a relatively new balance assessment tool. Recently, the Mini-BESTest and the Brief-BESTest, which are shortened versions of the BESTest, were developed.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to estimate interrater and intrarater-interoccasion reliability, internal consistency, concurrent and convergent validity, and floor and ceiling effects of the 3 BESTests and other related measures, namely, the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Gait Assessment (FGA), and Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale, among patients with total knee arthroplasty (TKA).DesignThis was an observational measurement study.MethodsTo establish interrater reliability, the 3 BESTests were administered by 3 independent raters to 25 participants with TKA. Intrarater-interoccasion reliability was evaluated in 46 participants with TKA (including the 25 individuals who participated in the interrater reliability experiments) by repeating the 3 BESTests, BBS, and FGA within 1 week by the same rater. Internal consistency of each test also was assessed with Cronbach alpha. Validity was assessed in another 46 patients with TKA by correlating the 3 BESTests with BBS, FGA, and ABC. The floor and ceiling effects also were examined.ResultsThe 3 BESTests demonstrated excellent interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] [2,1]=.96–.99), intrarater-interoccasion reliability (ICC [2,1]=.92–.96), and internal consistency (Cronbach alpha=.96–.98). These values were comparable to those for the BBS and FGA. The 3 BESTests also showed moderate-to-strong correlations with the BBS, FGA, and ABC (r=.35–.81), thus demonstrating good concurrent and convergent validity. No significant floor and ceiling effects were observed, except for the BBS.LimitationsThe results are generalizable only to patients with TKA due to end-stage knee osteoarthritis.ConclusionsThe 3 BESTests have good reliability and validity for evaluating balance in people with TKA. The Brief-BESTest is the least time-consuming and may be more useful clinically.

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Comparison of EuroQol-5D-3L and Short Form-6D Utility Scores in Family Caregivers of Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Survey in China

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.742332 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Cheng-yao Sun ◽

Yang Liu ◽

Liang-ru Zhou ◽

Ming-si Wang ◽

Xian-ming Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Family Caregivers ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Short Form ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Capital City ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Euroqol 5D ◽

Utility Scores

Objective: To compare the EuroQol-5D-3L (EQ-5D-3L) and the Short Form-6D (SF-6D) utility scores in family caregivers (FCs) of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.Method: This study was performed on FCs of CRC patients from three primary cancer centers in the capital city of the Heilongjiang province. The participants (FCs) who were enrolled, filled the EQ-5D-3L, along with the SF-6D questionnaire. Two tools were compared for their distribution, discriminant validity, agreement, and convergent validity along with known-groups validity.Result: Two hundred ninety-two FCs of CRC patients were enrolled. The score distribution of the SF-6D along with the EQ-5D-3L were not normal. A ceiling impact was seen in 31.8% of the FCs for EQ-5D-3L; however, none for the SF-6D. Good associations (Spearman’s rho = 0.622, p < 0.01) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC 0.637 and average ICC 0.778) between the two scores were observed. The EQ-5D-3L yielded higher utility scores in contrast with the SF-6D in the better health subclass. The SF-6D distinguished better between excellent and good health statuses, with better effect size and relative efficiency statistics. Both tools showed good known-groups validity.Conclusion: The utility scores of SF-6D were remarkably lower relative to that of the EQ-5D-3L, but the difference may be clinically insignificant. However, the SF-6D may be superior because of the lack of ceiling impact. SF-6D exhibited a better convergent validity along with discrimination validity of excellent health condition and improved known-groups validity efficiency.

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Adaptation and Validation of the Program Sustainability Assessment Tool (PSAT) for Use in the Elementary School Setting

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182111414 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (21) ◽

pp. 11414

Author(s):

Alix Hall ◽

Adam Shoesmith ◽

Rachel C. Shelton ◽

Cassandra Lane ◽

Luke Wolfenden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Elementary School ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Interrater Reliability ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Sustainability Assessment ◽

School Setting ◽

Program Sustainability ◽

Structural Validity

There is a lack of valid and reliable measures of determinants of sustainability specific to public health interventions in the elementary school setting. This study aimed to adapt and evaluate the Program Sustainability Assessment Tool (PSAT) for use in this setting. An expert reference group adapted the PSAT to ensure face validity. Elementary school teachers participating in a multi-component implementation intervention to increase their scheduling of physical activity completed the adapted PSAT. Structural validity was assessed via confirmatory factor analysis. Convergent validity was assessed using linear mixed regression evaluating the associations between scheduling of physical activity and adapted PSAT scores. Cronbach’s alpha was used to evaluate internal consistency and intracluster correlation coefficients for interrater reliability. Floor and ceiling effects were also evaluated. Following adaptation and psychometric evaluation, the final measure contained 26 items. Domain Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.77 to 0.92. Only one domain illustrated acceptable interrater reliability. Evidence for structural validity was mixed and was lacking for convergent validity. There were no floor and ceiling effects. Efforts to adapt and validate the PSAT for the elementary school setting were mixed. Future work to develop and improve measures specific to public health program sustainment that are relevant and psychometrically robust for elementary school settings are needed.

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A Reliability Check of Walkability Indices in Seoul, Korea

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12010176 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 176 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Eun Jung Kim ◽

Young-Jae Kim

Keyword(s):

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Measurement Reliability ◽

Walkability Index ◽

Units Of Analysis ◽

Pearson's R ◽

Grid Points ◽

Future Direction ◽

High Level ◽

Reliability Check ◽

Pearson’S R

The purpose of this study is to evaluate walkability levels using popular indices and check the measurement reliability between those indices. This study evaluates the city of Seoul, using 100 × 100 m grid points (N = 44,000) as spatial units of analysis. In this study, four types of indices were used to measure walkability levels: Walkability index (WI), Walk score (WS), Pedshed (Ps), and Movability index (MI). This study utilizes Pearson’s R, Brand–Altman plot with limit of agreement (LOA), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) as reliability check methods. The measurement reliability among the four indices was found to be relatively high. The Pearson’s R values were between 0.308 and 0.645, and the range of inside LOA of Brand–Altman plots was 94.5% to 95.5%. The ICC value of the four indices was 0.544, indicating moderate reliability. The results reveal a relatively high level of measurement reliability between the four indices. On the basis of this study’s results, the level of walkability in other cities in Korea can be ascertained. The study may provide future direction for walkability index development that considers urban environmental characteristics. From the results, we expect that future urban planning and policies will aim to improve walkability.

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Ghent Developmental Balance Test: A New Tool to Evaluate Balance Performance in Toddlers and Preschool Children

Physical Therapy ◽

10.2522/ptj.20110265 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 92 (6) ◽

pp. 841-852 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Alexandra De Kegel ◽

Tina Baetens ◽

Wim Peersman ◽

Leen Maes ◽

Ingeborg Dhooge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interrater Reliability ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Control Group ◽

Clinical Group ◽

Balance Performance ◽

Balance Test ◽

Movement Assessment ◽

Z Scores

Background Balance is a fundamental component of movement. Early identification of balance problems is important to plan early intervention. The Ghent Developmental Balance Test (GDBT) is a new assessment tool designed to monitor balance from the initiation of independent walking to 5 years of age. Objective The purpose of this study was to establish the psychometric characteristics of the GDBT. Methods To evaluate test-retest reliability, 144 children were tested twice on the GDBT by the same examiner, and to evaluate interrater reliability, videotaped GDBT sessions of 22 children were rated by 3 different raters. To evaluate the known-group validity of GDBT scores, z scores on the GDBT were compared between a clinical group (n=20) and a matched control group (n=20). Concurrent validity of GDBT scores with the subscale standardized scores of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children–Second Edition (M-ABC-2), the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales–Second Edition (PDMS-2), and the balance subscale of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test–Second Edition (BOT-2) was evaluated in a combined group of the 20 children from the clinical group and 74 children who were developing typically. Results Test-retest and interrater reliability were excellent for the GDBT total scores, with intraclass correlation coefficients of .99 and .98, standard error of measurement values of 0.21 and 0.78, and small minimal detectable differences of 0.58 and 2.08, respectively. The GDBT was able to distinguish between the clinical group and the control group (t38=5.456, P<.001). Pearson correlations between the z scores on GDBT and the standardized scores of specific balance subscales of the M-ABC-2, PDMS-2, and BOT-2 were moderate to high, whereas correlations with subscales measuring constructs other than balance were low. Conclusions The GDBT is a reliable and valid clinical assessment tool for the evaluation of balance in toddlers and preschool-aged children.

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Psychometric properties of the Mental Health Recovery Star

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.bp.111.107946 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 201 (1) ◽

pp. 65-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Helen Killaspy ◽

Sarah White ◽

Tatiana L. Taylor ◽

Michael King

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Interrater Reliability ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Community Services ◽

Mental Health Recovery ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

BackgroundThe Mental Health Recovery Star (MHRS) is a popular outcome measure rated collaboratively by staff and service users, but its psychometric properties are unknown.AimsTo assess the MHRS's acceptability, reliability and convergent validity.MethodA total of 172 services users and 120 staff from in-patient and community services participated. Interrater reliability of staff-only ratings and test–retest reliability of staff-only and collaborative ratings were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Convergent validity between MHRS ratings and standardised measures of social functioning and recovery was assessed using Pearson correlation. The influence of collaboration on ratings was assessed using descriptive statistics and ICCs.ResultsThe MHRS was relatively quick and easy to use and had good test–retest reliability, but interrater reliability was inadequate. Collaborative ratings were slightly higher than staff-only ratings. Convergent validity suggests it assesses social function more than recovery.ConclusionsThe MHRS cannot be recommended as a routine clinical outcome tool but may facilitate collaborative care planning.

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Psychosocial Development and Subjective Well-Being in an Age Cross-Section of Adults

The International Journal of Aging and Human Development ◽

10.2190/vq4u-merl-8jh0-hqv8 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 109-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Stephanie A. Tesch

Keyword(s):

Internal Consistency ◽

Adult Development ◽

Psychosocial Development ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Well Being ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Individual Stage ◽

High Internal Consistency

Though often cited, Erikson's theory has been relatively neglected in empirical studies of adult development, partly because few measures operationalize his psychosocial constructs. The present research examined the internal consistency and construct validity of an expanded version of the Inventory of Psychosocial Development (E-IPD) which included the generativity and ego integrity scales created by Boylin et al. [1]. Participants were seventy-nine adults with a mean age of forty-two and mean educational level of fifteen years. Total E-IPD scores were found to have high internal consistency but many individual stage scales did not. Men's E-IPD scores showed discriminant validity with respect to social desirability and women's E-IPD scores showed convergent validity with a measure of subjective well-being. Psychosocial development scores were largely unrelated to age, indicating that the E-IPD may have little validity as a measure of adult development.

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