The Comprehensive Review Article in 2000

Biopolymers are compounds prepared by using various living organisms, including plants. These are composed of repeated units of the same or similar structure (monomers) linked together. Rubber, starch, cellulose, proteins and DNA, RNA, chitin, and peptides are some of the examples of natural biopolymers. Biopolymers are a diverse and remarkably versatile class of materials that are either produced by biological systems or synthesize from biological sources. Biopolymers are used in pharmaceutical industry and also in food industry.Naturally derived polymers are also used for conditioning benefits in hair and skin care. Biopolymers have various applications in medicine, food, packaging, and petroleum industries. This review article is focused on various aspects of biopolymers with a special emphasis on role of biopolymers in green nanotechnology and agriculture.

Download Full-text

Ophthalmic Parasitosis: A Review Article

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/2012/587402 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Amal R. Nimir ◽

Ahmed Saliem ◽

Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Underlying Disease ◽

Review Article ◽

Parasitic Diseases ◽

Ocular Diseases ◽

Important Species ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Infectious Pathogen ◽

Eye Infection ◽

Sanitary Conditions ◽

Shed Light

Ocular parasitosis in human is more prevalent in geographical areas where environmental factors and poor sanitary conditions favor the parasitism between man and animals. Lesions in the eye can be due to damage directly caused by the infectious pathogen, indirect pathology caused by toxic products, or the immune response incited by infections or ectopic parasitism. The epidemiology of parasitic ocular diseases reflects the habitat of the causative parasites as well as the habits and health status of the patient. An ocular examination may provide clues to the underlying disease/infection, and an awareness of the possibilities of travel-related pathology may shed light on an ocular presentation. This paper is a comprehensive review of the parasitic diseases of the eye. The majority of the clinically important species of parasites involved in eye infection are reviewed in this paper. Parasites are discussed by the disease or infection they cause.

Download Full-text

A critical review on soil ionisation modelling for grounding electrodes

Archives of Electrical Engineering ◽

10.1515/aee-2016-0033 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 449-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mehrdad Mokhtari ◽

Zulkurnain Abdul-Malek ◽

Gevork B. Gharehpetian

Keyword(s):

Performance Analysis ◽

Critical Review ◽

Review Article ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Model Soil ◽

Electrode Resistance ◽

One Stop ◽

Grounding Electrode ◽

And Performance

Abstract Grounding electrode resistance non-linearly changes under impulse conditions due to soil ionisation phenomenon. Several models have been proposed to model soil ionisation for grounding electrodes applications. However, to date, there is yet an attempt made to compile all these works into a comprehensive review article. Therefore, this paper is written with the objective of summarizing all related works in this field as a one- stop reference. With reference to the literature, this paper is written to summarize the working principles of the soil ionisation models as well as the accuracy and performance analysis of the models. This paper, particularly highlights the deficiencies of the available models in terms of accuracy and performance. This knowledge will contribute to the development of a new accurate and efficient soil ionisation model.

Download Full-text

A comprehensive review of impression techniques in implant dentistry

International Journal of Dentistry Research ◽

10.31254/dentistry.2021.6106 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 16-23

Author(s):

Shweta V Annaldasula ◽

◽

Chein Shee Antoinette Yen ◽

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Crucial Role ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Review Article ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Different Types ◽

Natural Teeth ◽

Fixed Appliances ◽

Implant Dentistry ◽

Edentulous Patients

Regardless of the demonstrable success of fixed appliances like implants for the replacements of missing natural teeth in partially and fully edentulous patients, countable hindrances still persist. A crucial role is played by impressions used in the fabrication of dental implants for the success, durability and outcome of the restoration. An impression is a three dimensional negative likeness of the future position of the implant in the oral cavity. In view of the absence of periodontal ligaments that serve as natural compensators of the slight but significant details of the impression surface, therefore, impressions in implants are very crucial for implant success. Taking this factor into consideration, the present review article emphasizes on the different types of impression techniques used in implant dentistry.

Download Full-text

Feasibility of Utilizing Wastewaters for Large-Scale Microalgal Cultivation and Biofuel Productions Using Hydrothermal Liquefaction Technique: A Comprehensive Review

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology ◽

10.3389/fbioe.2021.651138 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Sourav Kumar Bagchi ◽

Reeza Patnaik ◽

Ramasare Prasad

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Algal Biomass ◽

Large Scale ◽

Oil Production ◽

Review Article ◽

Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽

Production Costs ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Crude Oil Production

The two major bottlenecks faced during microalgal biofuel production are, (a) higher medium cost for algal cultivation, and (b) cost-intensive and time consuming oil extraction techniques. In an effort to address these issues in the large scale set-ups, this comprehensive review article has been systematically designed and drafted to critically analyze the recent scientific reports that demonstrate the feasibility of microalgae cultivation using wastewaters in outdoor raceway ponds in the first part of the manuscript. The second part describes the possibility of bio-crude oil production directly from wet algal biomass, bypassing the energy intensive and time consuming processes like dewatering, drying and solvents utilization for biodiesel production. It is already known that microalgal drying can alone account for ∼30% of the total production costs of algal biomass to biodiesel. Therefore, this article focuses on bio-crude oil production using the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) process that converts the wet microalgal biomass directly to bio-crude in a rapid time period. The main product of the process, i.e., bio-crude oil comprises of C16-C20 hydrocarbons with a reported yield of 50–65 (wt%). Besides elucidating the unique advantages of the HTL technique for the large scale biomass processing, this review article also highlights the major challenges of HTL process such as update, and purification of HTL derived bio-crude oil with special emphasis on deoxygenation, and denitrogenation problems. This state of art review article is a pragmatic analysis of several published reports related to algal crude-oil production using HTL technique and a guide towards a new approach through collaboration of industrial wastewater bioremediation with rapid one-step bio-crude oil production from chlorophycean microalgae.

Download Full-text

A Comprehensive Review Article on Energy Efficiency Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks

International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology ◽

10.23956/ijermt.v7i1.21 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

Harpal P ◽

Gaurav Tejpal ◽

Harjot Kaur

Keyword(s):

Review Article ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Energy Usage ◽

Small Energy ◽

Gps Receivers ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Fine Grained ◽

The Past ◽

Standard Action ◽

The Web

Several location-based programs depend on fine-grained checking of portable items that establish their particular places with feeling products like GPS receivers. For these items, power is just a really useful and restricted resource. A distance-based confirming project could be used to lessen the power they digest by giving place updates. But, the power necessary for place feeling hasn't been regarded in the past. In that report, we examine how a ensuing power usage from equally feeling and upgrade procedures could be paid off for distance-based reporting. We reveal that substantial savings are accomplished by giving place changes sooner than really required. For standard action, we get the small energy usage analytically. Eventually, two story on the web heuristics are planned that get a grip on the giving of place changes at runtime. Their efficiency is validated by considerable simulations.

Download Full-text

Nanostructured Calcium-based Biomaterials and their Application in Drug Delivery

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867326666190222193357 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (31) ◽

pp. 5189-5212 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Li-Juan Yi ◽

Jun-Feng Li ◽

Ming-Guo Ma ◽

Ying-Jie Zhu

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Tissue Engineering ◽

Bone Repair ◽

Antibacterial Agents ◽

Recent Progress ◽

Review Article ◽

Future Perspectives ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

The Past ◽

Biomedical Fields

In the past several decades, various types of nanostructured biomaterials have been developed. These nanostructured biomaterials have promising applications in biomedical fields such as bone repair, tissue engineering, drug delivery, gene delivery, antibacterial agents, and bioimaging. Nanostructured biomaterials with high biocompatibility, including calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, and calcium silicate, are ideal candidates for drug delivery. This review article is not intended to offer a comprehensive review of the nanostructured biomaterials and their application in drug delivery but rather presents a brief summary of the recent progress in this field. Our recent endeavors in the research of nanostructured biomaterials for drug delivery are also summarized. Special attention is paid to the synthesis and properties of nanostructured biomaterials and their application in drug delivery with the use of typical examples. Finally, we discuss the problems and future perspectives of nanostructured biomaterials in the drug delivery field.

Download Full-text

Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia

Pediatrics in Review ◽

10.1542/pir.15.7.253a ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 253-253

Author(s):

R J H

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Jaundice ◽

Review Article ◽

Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Practice Parameters

We planned to publish a comprehensive review article on neonatal jaundice in this issue. Concurrently, the Academy's Committee on Practice Parameters is developing a statement on this topic. Because it was not complete by the time this issue had to be "put to bed," readers and pediatricians (especially subspecialists) taking the recertification examination in 1995 should look for publication of the parameters, and Pediatrics in Review will publish the review at a later date.

Download Full-text

Aryltetralin-type lignan of Podophyllum: a comprehensive review

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315511666210210160903 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Dharmendra Kumar ◽

Mogana Rajagopal ◽

Gabriel Akyirem Akowuah ◽

Yong-Xin Lee ◽

Chua Wei Chong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Combination Therapy ◽

Chemical Synthesis ◽

Chemical Modification ◽

Broad Spectrum ◽

Anticancer Agent ◽

Review Article ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Podophyllotoxin Derivatives

: Podophyllotoxin is a nonalkaloidtoxin aryltetralin lactone lignan, occurring naturally and extracted from the rhizomes and roots of Podophyllum species. Podophyllotoxin and its derivatives have shown to possess a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, mainly antineoplastic and antiviral properties. Podophyllotoxin is served as a potential anticancer agent and also the precursor for the chemical synthesis of some clinically important anticancer agents.The chemical modification and pharmacological investigation of podophyllotoxin derivatives have become a concern nowadays. Research interest has been stimulated in the innovation of podophyllotoxin derivatives as the semi-synthetic anticancer agent, especially etoposide and teniposide. Podophyllotoxin and its derivatives are available in several formulations and also found to be effective in combination therapy. This review article aims to provide an overview of the role of podophyllotoxin, its mechanism of action, pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetics, available formulations, and its effects in combination therapy. This article also reviewed the biosynthesis, structure and modifications of podophyllotoxin and its derivatives as an anticancer agent.

Download Full-text

Carcinoid and Neuroendocrine Tumors: Building on Success

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2014.60.2532 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (16) ◽

pp. 1855-1863 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

Pamela L. Kunz

Keyword(s):

Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽

Best Management Practices ◽

Management Practices ◽

Careful Consideration ◽

Review Article ◽

Gi Tract ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Best Management ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Selection Of

We have come a long way in our understanding and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors since the term “karzinoide” was coined in 1907. Neuroendocrine tumors are a group of biologically and clinically heterogeneous neoplasms that most commonly originate in the lungs, GI tract, and pancreas. The selection of initial and subsequent therapies requires careful consideration of both tumor and treatment characteristics. With recent advances, we now have more tools for the diagnosis and treatment of our patients. This comprehensive review article summarizes recent advances in the field of neuroendocrine tumors and places them into context for best management practices.

Download Full-text