scholarly journals Ophthalmic Parasitosis: A Review Article

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal R. Nimir ◽  
Ahmed Saliem ◽  
Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Ocular Diseases ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Infectious Pathogen ◽  
Eye Infection ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
Shed Light

Ocular parasitosis in human is more prevalent in geographical areas where environmental factors and poor sanitary conditions favor the parasitism between man and animals. Lesions in the eye can be due to damage directly caused by the infectious pathogen, indirect pathology caused by toxic products, or the immune response incited by infections or ectopic parasitism. The epidemiology of parasitic ocular diseases reflects the habitat of the causative parasites as well as the habits and health status of the patient. An ocular examination may provide clues to the underlying disease/infection, and an awareness of the possibilities of travel-related pathology may shed light on an ocular presentation. This paper is a comprehensive review of the parasitic diseases of the eye. The majority of the clinically important species of parasites involved in eye infection are reviewed in this paper. Parasites are discussed by the disease or infection they cause.

Role of Nanoparticles in Diagnosis and Management of Parasitic Diseases: Review Article

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Maha Talaat Elhefny ◽  
Nahed E. Mostafa ◽  
Eman Aly Mohamed ◽  
Reda M. Abdelhameed ◽  
Mohamed Hassan Sarhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

Biopolymers: A comprehensive review

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 013-018
Author(s):  
Mohini Chandrashekhar Upadhye ◽  
Mohini Chetan Kuchekar ◽  
Rohini Revansiddhappa Pujari ◽  
Nutan Uttam Sable
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Skin Care ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Green Nanotechnology ◽  
Biological Sources ◽  
Living Organisms

Biopolymers are compounds prepared by using various living organisms, including plants. These are composed of repeated units of the same or similar structure (monomers) linked together. Rubber, starch, cellulose, proteins and DNA, RNA, chitin, and peptides are some of the examples of natural biopolymers. Biopolymers are a diverse and remarkably versatile class of materials that are either produced by biological systems or synthesize from biological sources. Biopolymers are used in pharmaceutical industry and also in food industry.Naturally derived polymers are also used for conditioning benefits in hair and skin care. Biopolymers have various applications in medicine, food, packaging, and petroleum industries. This review article is focused on various aspects of biopolymers with a special emphasis on role of biopolymers in green nanotechnology and agriculture.

scholarly journals Indigenous protagonism in the context of food insecurity in times of Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Soares LEITE ◽  
Aline Alves FERREIRA ◽  
Deise BRESAN ◽  
Jessica Rasquim ARAUJO ◽  
Inara do Nascimento TAVARES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Institutional Violence ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

ABSTRACT In Brazil, indigenous peoples present a complex reality characterized by a marked social vulnerability that is manifested in health and nutritional indicators. In this scenario, poor sanitary conditions prevail, with a high burden of chronic noncommunicable diseases; infectious/parasitic diseases; and nutritional disorders, including malnutrition and anemia. This situation is reflected in numerous aspects of food insecurity, placing this population in a position of particular vulnerability to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and its effects. The objective of our study was to present a set of preliminary reflections on food insecurity and indigenous protagonism in times of Covid-19. The pandemic has deepened the inequalities that affect the indigenous peoples, with a direct impact on food security conditions. Amid the effects of the pandemic, indigenous protagonism has played a fundamental role in guaranteeing these peoples’ rights and access to food, denouncing the absent and slow official responses as acts of institutional violence, which will have serious and lasting effects on the lives of indigenous peoples.

scholarly journals Binicilik Antrenörü Gözünde Hippoterapi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2131-2138
Author(s):  
Ali Ekber Ün
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Individuals With Disabilities ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Current Review ◽  
History Of ◽  
Expert Team ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Shed Light

The purpose of this review article is to collaborate on future studies about hippotherapy to horse and riding trainers, health professionals, veterinarians, individuals in need and individuals with disabilities and their relatives and to shed light on academic studies. It has been stated in studies that hippotherapy is beneficial for patients in the world. Therefore, as a result of new private hippotherapy centers in public institutions and in Turkey, studies on hippotherapy have been started. The studies carried out in hippotherapy are increasing and widespread and continuing to contribute to the treatment of the individuals in need and individuals with disabilities with hippotherapy sessions with expert teams. However, in the studies, the sessions of the hippotherapy team with two common creatures have great duties on the equestrian coaches in order to meet the needs of the horse and the individual in need or individual with disability. For this reason, since hippotherapy is a multidisciplinary team work consisting of specialist professionals, it has been researched to contribute to the horse and rider coaches on the field and to the expert team attending the sessions, to the new experts and the families of the individuals in need and disabled individuals. In the current review, the information about the history of hippotherapy and development, information about hippotherapy institutions in Turkey, individuals in need and individuals with disabilities, benefits of hippotherapy, characteristics of the hippotherapy horse, training of the hippotherapy horse are emphasized, and especially emphasis is placed on the use of work in the field of horse and equestrian coaching.

scholarly journals Host and body site-specific adaptation of Lactobacillus crispatus genomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meichen Pan ◽  
Claudio Hidalgo-Cantabrana ◽  
Rodolphe Barrangou
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Genomic Features ◽  
Specific Adaptation ◽  
Lactobacillus Crispatus ◽  
Vaginal Tract ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
In Silico Analyses ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Lactobacillus crispatus is a common inhabitant of both healthy poultry gut and human vaginal tract, and the absence of this species has been associated with a higher risk of developing infectious diseases. In this study, we analyzed 105 L. crispatus genomes isolated from a variety of ecological niches, including the human vaginal tract, human gut, chicken gut and turkey gut, to shed light on the genetic and functional features that drive evolution and adaptation of this important species. We performed in silico analyses to identify the pan and core genomes of L. crispatus, and to reveal the genomic differences and similarities associated with their origins of isolation. Our results demonstrated that, although a significant portion of the genomic content is conserved, human and poultry L. crispatus isolates evolved to encompass different genomic features (e.g. carbohydrate usage, CRISPR–Cas immune systems, prophage occurrence) in order to thrive in different environmental niches. We also observed that chicken and turkey L. crispatus isolates can be differentiated based on their genomic information, suggesting significant differences may exist between these two poultry gut niches. These results provide insights into host and niche-specific adaptation patterns in species of human and animal importance.

scholarly journals Scalp Pruritus: Review of the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ploysyne Rattanakaemakorn ◽  
Poonkiat Suchonwanit
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Skin Changes ◽  
Underlying Condition ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Underlying Diseases ◽  
Frequent Problem

Scalp pruritus is a frequent problem encountered in dermatological practice. This disorder is caused by various underlying diseases and is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Scalp pruritus may be localized to the scalp or extended to other body areas. It is sometimes not only associated with skin diseases or specific skin changes, but also associated with lesions secondary to rubbing or scratching. Moreover, scalp pruritus may be difficult to diagnose and manage and may have a great impact on the quality of life of patients. It can be classified as dermatologic, neuropathic, systemic, and psychogenic scalp pruritus based on the potential underlying disease. A thorough evaluation of patients presenting with scalp pruritus is important. Taking history and performing physical examination and further investigations are essential for diagnosis. Therapeutic strategy comprises removal of the aggravating factors and appropriate treatment of the underlying condition. All treatments should be performed considering an individual approach. This review article focuses on the understanding of the pathophysiology and the diagnostic and therapeutic management of scalp pruritus.

scholarly journals A critical review on soil ionisation modelling for grounding electrodes

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Mokhtari ◽  
Zulkurnain Abdul-Malek ◽  
Gevork B. Gharehpetian
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Electrode Resistance ◽  
One Stop ◽  
Grounding Electrode ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Grounding electrode resistance non-linearly changes under impulse conditions due to soil ionisation phenomenon. Several models have been proposed to model soil ionisation for grounding electrodes applications. However, to date, there is yet an attempt made to compile all these works into a comprehensive review article. Therefore, this paper is written with the objective of summarizing all related works in this field as a one- stop reference. With reference to the literature, this paper is written to summarize the working principles of the soil ionisation models as well as the accuracy and performance analysis of the models. This paper, particularly highlights the deficiencies of the available models in terms of accuracy and performance. This knowledge will contribute to the development of a new accurate and efficient soil ionisation model.

scholarly journals IMAGING IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: The use of functional MRI to study the endocrinology of appetite

2015 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. R59-R68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Salem ◽  
Waljit S Dhillo
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Current Thinking ◽  
Reward Value ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Shed Light

In the present review article, we summarise current thinking about the neuroendocrinology of appetite and feeding behaviour. We discuss how the homeostatic control of energy balance, wherein the hypothalamus orchestrates food intake and energy expenditure in response to peripheral signals about nutritional status, can be easily overridden by the powerful reward value of food. We focus on how functional magnetic resonance imaging has shed light on our understanding of the way hormones can interact with the brain to modulate appetite.

scholarly journals The Comprehensive Review Article in 2000

2000 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marye Anne Fox
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
Comprehensive Review

scholarly journals An Update on the Role of the Actin Cytoskeleton in Plasmodesmata: A Focus on Formins

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Diao ◽  
Shanjin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Shed Light

Cell-to-cell communication in plants is mediated by plasmodesmata (PD) whose permeability is tightly regulated during plant growth and development. The actin cytoskeleton has been implicated in regulating the permeability of PD, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Recent characterization of PD-localized formin proteins has shed light on the role and mechanism of action of actin in regulating PD-mediated intercellular trafficking. In this mini-review article, we will describe the progress in this area.

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