Changes in CD4+CD8–/CD4–CD8+ Ratio and Humoral Immune Functions in Vitamin B12-Deficient Rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulala Funada ◽  
Masahiro Wada ◽  
Tetsunori Kawata ◽  
Kazumi Mori ◽  
Hiroko Tamai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Deficient Group

To clarify the role of vitamin B12 in the function of cell-mediated and humoral immune functions, the splenocytes expression of CD4, CD8 and serum C3, IgM, IgG concentrations were examined in vitamin B12-deficient rats, and the effect of the administration of methylcobalamin was also studied. The CD4+CD8–/CD4–CD8+ ratio in splenocytes was significantly higher in vitamin B12-deficient rats than in control rats (p < 0.05). The value in the 48 hours after methylcobalamin administration group, was within the normal range (p < 0.05). From these results, the elevation of the CD4+CD8–/CD4–CD8+ ratio by vitamin B12-deficiency was confirmed in rats. The serum C3, IgM and IgG concentrations were lower in the vitamin B12-deficient group than in the control group. These findings suggest that vitamin B12 plays a role in maintaining the immune function in rats.

Use of superphosphate as a phosphorus supplement for lambs – effect of calcination or supplementation with oral cobalt or parenteral vitamin B12

1971 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. N. Agarwala ◽  
K. Nath ◽  
V. Mahadevan
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Fluorine Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Common Salt ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Basal Ration

SUMMARYA feeding and balance trial was conducted for 15 weeks on 25 lambs (aged 3–5 months) divided into five groups of 5 animals each on a basal ration consisting of oats, groundnut cake, barley, common salt, green grass and wheat straw. The five groups were fed a mineral supplement as follows:Group I. Basal ration plus ‘Supermindiff’ mineral mixture (control group).Group II. Basal ration plus calcined superphosphate.Group III. Basal ration plus superphosphate.Group IV. Basal ration plus superphosphate plus oral cobalt chloride (3 mg Co/10 kg body weight).Group V. Basal ration plus superphosphate plus parenteral vitamin B12 (50 μg/week/ animal).Calcination of fertilizer-grade superphosphate at 600°C for 2 h reduced the fluorine content from 23350ppm to 1600 ppm. The results show that high fluorine or superphosphate significantly reduced growth rate and retention of calcium and phosphorus and significantly increased blood inorganic phosphorus. Calcination of superphosphate in Group II gave comparable results to the control group (Group I). The oral Co or parenteral vitamin B12 supplementation (Groups IV and V) did not ameliorate the adverse effects of high fluorine in superphosphate.It is concluded that calcination of superphosphate at 600°C for 2 h yields a suitable defluorinated product which can be used as a phosphorus supplement in the feeding of animals. Fertilizer-grade superphosphate is unsuitable due to its high fluorine content, the adverse effects of which are not mitigated by oral Co or parenteral vitamin B12 supplementation.

scholarly journals Comparisons of lung and gluteus transcriptome profiles between yaks at different ages

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Wei Xin ◽  
Zhi-Xin Chai ◽  
Cheng-Fu Zhang ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Yong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Immune System Activation ◽  
System Activation ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau ◽  
Activation Status

Abstract The yak, Bos grunniens, is the only large mammal in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and has been bred to provide meat, milk, and transportation. Previous studies indicate that the immune system contributes to the yak’s adaptation to high-altitude environments. In order to further investigate changes in immune function during yak development, we compared the transcriptome profiles of gluteus and lung tissues among yaks at 6, 30, 60, and 90 months of age. Analyses of significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in lung tissues revealed that immune function was more activated at 6-months and less activated at 90-months than in the 30 and 60-month-old animals. DEG exploration in gluteal tissues revealed that immune functions were more highly activated at both 6 and 90-months, compared with 30 and 60-months. Immune system activation in the muscle and lung tissues of 30-month-old yaks may increase their resistance to infections, while decreased may be due to aging. Furthermore, the higher immune activation status in the gluteal tissues in 90-month-old yaks could be due to muscle injury and subsequent regeneration, which is supported by the fact that 5 unigenes related with muscle injury and 3 related to muscle regeneration displayed greater expression levels at 90-months than at 30 and 60-months. Overall, the present study highlights the important role of the immune system in yak development, which will facilitate future investigations.

scholarly journals The Importance of Holotranscobalamin Measurement

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Velibor Čabarkapa ◽  
Zoran Stošić ◽  
Radmila Žeravica ◽  
Branislava Ilinčić ◽  
Ana Filipović
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Total Vitamin ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
M 14

The Importance of Holotranscobalamin MeasurementClinically significant vitamin B12deficiency can occur even with total vitamin B12levels apparently within normal range. There is an indeterminate zone between approximately 154 and 300 pmol/L of vitamin B12where there is likely misclassification of B12status if relying on total serum B12. The aim of the present study was to assess the usefulness of holotranscobalamin in diagnosis of B12deficiency. Blood samples were collected and subjected to assays for vitamin B12and holotranscobalamin. We examined the levels of holotranscobalamin in 32 subjects (n=32, f=18, m=14) with vitamin B12values within interval 154-300 pmol/L. These subjects were compared with control group with vitamin B12>300 pmol/L (n=31, f=17, m=14). 25% of subjects with vitamin B12of 154 to 300 pmol/L had low levels of holotranscobalamin. Holotranscobalamin levels of patients with vitamin B12of 154 to 300 pmol/L were significantly lower than those of control subjects (38.55 ± 23.0 vs. 61.35 ± 31.81 pmol/L, p<0.01). The obtained results also show a positive significant relationship between levels of holotranscobalamin and vitamin B12(r=0.53, p<0.01). In conclusion, holotranscobalamin is a better indicator of early vitamin B12deficiency than total serum cobalamins and it is a useful tool in the diagnosis of vitamin B12deficiency.

Low vitamin B12 level in relation to trace element, total sialic acid and antioxidant enzymes in children with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Isa Kiran ◽  
Suat Ekin ◽  
Özge Vural
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Total Sialic Acid ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. In this study, children with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia (V-B12DA) and control subjects were evaluated for erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities, glutathione, malondialdehyde, serum total sialic acid, total antioxidant status, cobalt, chromium, copper, selenium, vanadium, zinc, iron, lead, magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, chloride, phosphorus levels, and the associations of these variables were assessed. The study included 50 children with V-B12DA and 50 control subjects. It was found that the V-B12DA group was significantly lower than the control group, with regard to the mean±the standard error of the mean levels of cobalt (0.089±0.009; 0.058±0.0063 μmol/L, p<0.01), selenium (2.19±0.087; 1.88±0.057 μmol/L, p<0.01), vanadium (1.31±0.053; 1.18±0.035 μmol/L, p<0.05), magnesium (3.02±0.15; 2.73±0.068 μmol/L, p<0.05), zinc (50.76±1.96; 42.23± 1.53 μmol/L, p<0.001), and vitamin B12 (427.20±21.45; 157.08±3.96 pg/mL, p<0.001). Moreover, a significant elevation in total sialic acid (1.44±0.050; 1.61±0.043 mmol/L, p<0.01), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (75.37±0.95; 79.91±1.14 fL, p<0.01). It was observed that in the V-B12DA, significantly linear correlations were observed between cobalt – vitamin B12 (r=0.334; p=0.025), vanadium – MCV (r=0.315; p=0.017), vitamin B12 – MCV (r=−0.297; p=0.026). The findings of the study indicated that the levels of cobalt, vanadium significantly associated with traditional vitamin B12-deficiency parameters. Vitamin B12 and MCV should be measured together with cobalt, vanadium for monitoring the vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.

scholarly journals Leptin, but not immune function, is linked to reproductive responsiveness to photoperiod

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (6) ◽  
pp. R1401-R1407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah L. Drazen ◽  
Lance J. Kriegsfeld ◽  
Jill E. Schneider ◽  
Randy J. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Immune Function ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin ◽  
Dark Phase ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Siberian Hamsters ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Energy Conserving

Energetic demands are high while energy availability is minimum during winter. To cope with this energetic bottleneck, animals exhibit numerous energy-conserving adaptations during winter, including changes in immune and reproductive functions. A majority of individual rodents within a population inhibits reproductive function (responders) as winter approaches. A substantial proportion of small rodents within a species, however, fails to inhibit reproduction (nonresponders) during winter in the field or in the laboratory when maintained in winter-simulated day lengths. In contrast, immune function is bolstered by short day lengths in some species. The specific mechanisms that link reproductive and immune functions remain unspecified. Leptin is a hormone produced by adipose tissue, and several studies suggest that leptin modulates reproductive and immune functions. The present study sought to determine if photoperiodic alterations in reproductive function and leptin concentrations are linked to photoperiod-modulated changes in immune function. Siberian hamsters ( Phodopus sungorus) were housed in either long (LD 16:8) or short (LD 8:16) day lengths for 9 wk. After 9 wk, blood samples were collected during the middle of the light and dark phase to assess leptin concentrations. One week later, animals were injected with keyhole limpet hemocyanin to evaluate humoral immunity. Body mass, body fat content, and serum leptin concentrations were correlated with reproductive responsiveness to photoperiod; short-day animals with regressed gonads exhibited a reduction in these measures, whereas short-day nonresponders resembled long-day animals. In contrast, immune function was influenced by photoperiod but not reproductive status. Taken together, these data suggest that humoral immune function in Siberian hamsters is independent of photoperiod-mediated changes in leptin concentrations.

scholarly journals Effects of budesonide combined with noninvasive ventilation on PCT, sTREM-1, chest lung compliance, humoral immune function and quality of life in patients with AECOPD complicated with type II respiratory failure

Open Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erxiang Gao ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Jianping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Lung Compliance ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Treatment Observation

AbstractObjectiveOur objective is to explore the effects of budesonide combined with noninvasive ventilation on procalcitonin (PCT), soluble myeloid cell triggering receptor-1 (sTREM-1), thoracic and lung compliance, humoral immune function, and quality of life in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) complicated with type II respiratory failure.MethodsThere were 82 patients with AECOPD complicated with type II respiratory failure admitted into our hospital between March, 2016-September, 2017. They were selected and randomly divided into observation group (n=41) and control group (n=41). The patients in the control group received noninvasive mechanical ventilation and the patients in the observation group received budesonide based on the control group. The treatment courses were both 10 days.ResultsThe total effective rate in the observation group (90.25%) was higher than the control group (65.85%) (P<0.05). The scores of cough, expectoration, and dyspnea were decreased after treatment (Observation group: t=18.7498, 23.2195, 26.0043, control group: t=19.9456, 11.6261, 14.2881, P<0.05); the scores of cough, expectoration, and dyspnea in the observation group were lower than the control group after treatment (t=11.6205, 17.4139, 11.6484, P<0.05). PaO2 was increased and PaCO2 was decreased in both groups after treatment (Observation group: t=24.1385, 20.7360, control group: t=11.6606, 9.2268, P<0.05); PaO2 was higher and PaCO2 was lower in the observation group than the control group after treatment (t=10.3209, 12.0115, P<0.05). Serum PCT and sTREM-1 in both groups were decreased after treatment (Observation group: t=16.2174, 12.6698, control group: t=7.2283, 6.1634, P<0.05); serum PCT and sTREM-1 in the observation group were lower than the control group after treatment (t=10.1017, 7.8227, P<0.05). The thoracic and lung compliance in both groups were increased after treatment (Observation group: t=30.5359, 17.8471, control group: t=21.2426, 13.0007, P<0.05); the thoracic and lung compliance in the observation group were higher than the control group after treatment (t=10.8079, 5.9464, P<0.05). IgA and IgG in both groups were increased after treatment (Observation group: t=9.5794, 25.3274, control group: t=5.5000, 4.7943, P<0.05), however IgM was not statistically different after treatment (Observation group: t=0.7845, control group: t=0.1767, P>0.05); IgA and IgG in the observation group were higher than the control group (t=4.9190, 4.7943, P<0.05), however IgM was not statistically different between two groups after treatment (t=0.6168, P>0.05). COPD assessment test (CAT) scores were decreased in both groups after treatment (Observation group: t=20.6781, control group: t=9.0235, P<0.05); CAT score in the observation group was lower than the control group after treatment (t=12.9515, P<0.05). Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%) and forced expiratory volume in one second/ forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1/FVC) were increased in both groups after treatment (Observation group: t=15.3684, 15.9404, control group: t=10.6640, 12.8979, P<0.05); FEV1% and FEV1/FVC in the observation group were higher than the control group (t=6.9528, 7.3527,P<0.05). The rates of complication were not statistically different between two groups (P>0.05).ConclusionBudesonide combined with noninvasive mechanical ventilation has good curative effects in treating AECOPE patients complicated with type II respiratory failure. It can decrease serum PCT and sTREM-1, increase thoracic lung compliance, and improve the humoral immune function and life quality.

scholarly journals Analysis of the effect of leptin on immune function in vivo using diet-induced obese mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Mito ◽  
H Yoshino ◽  
T Hosoda ◽  
K Sato
Keyword(s):  
Immune Function ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Free Feeding ◽  
And Control ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

Leptin can regulate several immune functions. However, the role of leptin on lymphocyte function has not been recognized in vivo. Accordingly, we have investigated the effect of leptin on starvation-induced immune dysfunction using diet-induced obese mice. To induce obesity, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet for 14 weeks and control mice were fed a standard diet for the same period. The obese and control groups of mice were then starved for 48 h, and received intraperitoneal injections of recombinant leptin or phosphate-buffered saline four times during starvation. Other control mice in both diet groups were free fed without being starved. Although starvation of the control mice dramatically reduced the weights of the immune organs, cytokine production and increased proliferation of cultured splenocytes, these levels returned to those of the free-feeding groups with exogenous leptin administration. However, these effects of leptin were not observed in obese mice. These findings provide some evidence that leptin can regulate the immune function in vivo. It is also suggested that the action of leptin might not appear in obesity.

scholarly journals The relationship of Vitamin B 12 with Two Symptoms of Shingles: Who has Pain and Who has Itch?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
İlkay Özer ◽  
Günseli Kekeç ◽  
Duygu İlke Yıldırım ◽  
ARZU ATASEVEN ◽  
Recep Dursun
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Nerve Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Vitamin B 12 ◽  
Pain Symptoms

Background; Both herpetic pain and itching in shingles are two symptoms whose pathogenesis has not been elucidated, although they are thought to be due to nerve damage. These two symptoms are difficult to treat and negative impact quality of life. In addition, It is unclear which patient will have the symptoms of itching or pain. Vitamin B 12 is a neurotropic agent which is contributes to the treatment of nerve damage, and effective in treating neuropathic pain and itch. In this study we investigated that is relationship between vitamin B12 both herpetic pain and herpetic itch. Methods; In this study, we investigated the effect of vitamin B12 values on itching and pain symptoms that patients with shingles have in the acute period. Vitamin B 12 values of 53 adults with patients with shingles with herpetic pain or herpetic itching were recorded and compared with the control group. Results; We found that patients with herpetic pain had lower vitamin B12 values than the control group (p=0.046) and patients with herpetic itch (p=0.021). Vitamin B12 values of herpetic itch patients did not show significant difference from the control group (p=0.816). Conclusions; Although vitamin B12 deficiency plays a role in the etiology of herpetic pain, it has no effect on herpetic itching. Our study supports that the etiopathogenesis of HI is different from herpetic pain, and will help studies focusing on herpetic itching etiopathogenesis.

scholarly journals Cytokine profile in patients with acute myocardial infarction with and without complications

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
A. O. Aimagambetova ◽  
L. K. Karazhanova ◽  
A. Kotlyar
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Cytokine Profile ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prognostic Role ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Complicated Course

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic role of the cytokine profile in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Materials and methods. In the present paper we studied cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, TNFα and CRP in 81 patients with different course of STEMI. Results. In patients with complicated course of STEMI a significant increase in the concentration of IL-6, IL-10, FNOα, CRP was recorded on the 1st, 7th and 14th days compared with control group of healthy subjects and a group of patients with uncomplicated STEMI. Concentrations of TNFα>35.49 pg/ml, IL-6>33.37 pg/ml, IL-10>34 pg/ml, CRP>10.84 mg/l on day 1 may suggest cardiovascular complications in STEMI patients within 1 year after the onset of the disease. We have not found reliable prognostic levels of IL-1β, as the concentration of this cytokine remained within the accepted normal range.. Discussion. It is concluded that initially elevated levels of CRP l, TNFα, IL-6, IL-10 in the blood make it possible to identify groups of patients with myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation at high risk of cardiovascular events throughout the year.

scholarly journals Is There a Relation Between Vitamin B₁₂ Levels and Headaches in Children and Adolescents?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Müge Ayanoğlu ◽  
Hale Tuhan ◽  
Ayça Kömüroğlu ◽  
Ayşe Tosun
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Type Headache ◽  
Lower Vitamin

Objective: Primary headaches are common and benign discomforts both in children and adolescents. However, they have a negative influence on the quality of life. This retrospective study aimed to determine the relationship between vitamin B12 results and primary headaches in Turkish children. Methods: Demographical features, headache types, laboratory results, including vitamin B12, were assessed retrospectively. Headache types were categorized as tension-type headache, migraine, and unclassified headache according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders-beta version (ICD-3 beta). Patients with seconder headaches, anemia, and macrocytosis were excluded. Results: The study group consisted of 133 (86 female, 47 male) patients with headache and a control group of 103 (57 female, 46 male) healthy children. There was no significant difference in terms of age and gender between groups (p>0.05). Vitamin B₁₂ levels in tension-type headache, migraine, and unclassified headache groups were significantly lower (p<0.0001) than in the control group. Logistic regression has identified lower vitamin B12 levels than 400 pg/ml as an independent risk factor for headache (OR: 3.212, 95% CI: 1.850-5.576). Conclusion: We conclude that lower vitamin B12 levels than 400 pg/mL may be associated with tension-type headache, migraine, and unclassified headache.

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