Factors Related to Childhood Suicides

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 292-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Soole ◽  
Kairi Kõlves ◽  
Diego De Leo
Keyword(s):  
Child Death ◽  
Behavioral Difficulties ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Indigenous Children ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Causes Of Deaths ◽  
Gender Asymmetry ◽  
Control Study

Background: Suicide among children under the age of 15 years is a leading cause of death. Aims: The aim of the current study is to identify demographic, psychosocial, and psychiatric factors associated with child suicides. Method: Using external causes of deaths recorded in the Queensland Child Death Register, a case-control study design was applied. Cases were suicides of children (10–14 years) and adolescents (15–17 years); controls were other external causes of death in the same age band. Results: Between 2004 and 2012, 149 suicides were recorded: 34 of children aged 10–14 years and 115 of adolescents aged 15–17 years. The gender asymmetry was less evident in child suicides and suicides were significantly more prevalent in indigenous children. Children residing in remote areas were significantly more likely to die by suicide than other external causes compared with children in metropolitan areas. Types of precipitating events differed between children and adolescents, with children more likely to experience family problems. Disorders usually diagnosed during infancy, childhood, and adolescence (e.g., ADHD) were significantly more common among children compared with adolescents who died by suicide. Conclusion: Psychosocial and environmental aspects of children, in addition to mental health and behavioral difficulties, are important in the understanding of suicide in this age group and in the development of targeted suicide prevention.

scholarly journals Men’s Mortality Decline in Lithuania: Sustainable Development or Short-term Changes?

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daumantas Stumbrys
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Mortality Decline ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
High Increase ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Causes Of Deaths

Lithuanian men had the lowest life expectancy among EU countries in 2015. However, since the year 2007 the country is facing the highest positive change in men’s life expectancy over the past 50 years. It is necessary to reveal what causes of deaths in different socio-demographic groups had a major impact on certain life expectancy changes. In this paper we analyse the aggregated mortality data from the Eurostat and Lithuanian Statistics databases. The analysis of the causes of death was implemented by using the de-compositional analysis method. The results show that the increase in life expectancy is determined by mortality decline due to the external causes of death and cardiovascular diseases. The record-high increase in men’s life expectancy in 2007–2015 conceals controversial changes in mortality at different stages of this period.

scholarly journals Application of verbal autopsy in routine civil registration in Lusaka District of Zambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Chabila Mapoma ◽  
Brian Munkombwe ◽  
Chomba Mwango ◽  
Bupe Bwalya Bwalya ◽  
Audrey Kalindi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Civil Registration System ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Civil Registration ◽  
Major Teaching Hospital ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Causes Of Deaths

Abstract Background Ascertaining the causes for deaths occurring outside health facilities is a significant problem in many developing countries where civil registration systems are not well developed or non-functional. Standardized and rigorous verbal autopsy methods is a potential solution to determine the cause of death. We conducted a demonstration project in Lusaka District of Zambia where verbal autopsy (VA) method was implemented in routine civil registration system. Methods About 3400 VA interviews were conducted for bodies “brought-in-dead” at Lusaka’s two major teaching hospital mortuaries using a SmartVA questionnaire between October 2017 and September 2018. Probable underlying causes of deaths using VA and cause-specific mortality fractions were determined.. Demographic characteristics were analyzed for each VA-ascertained cause of death. Results Opportunistic infections (OIs) associated with HIV/AIDS such as pneumonia and tuberculosis, and malaria were among leading causes of deaths among bodies “brought-in-dead”. Over 21.6 and 26.9% of deaths were attributable to external causes and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), respectively. The VA-ascertained causes of death varied by age-group and sex. External causes were more prevalent among males in middle ages (put an age range like 30–54 years old) and NCDs highly prevalent among those aged 55 years and older. Conclusions VA application in civil registration system can provide the much-needed cause of death information for non-facility deaths in countries with under-developed or non-functional civil registration systems.

scholarly journals Mortality in Russia: the second epidemiological revolution that never was

2015 ◽  
pp. 4-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly Vishnevsky
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Age Of Death

The article looks at different approaches to the conceptualization of the modern stage of mortality reduction (the "new stages” of the epidemiological transition, "the second epidemiological revolution”, the “health transition”). During this stage, which has lasted for at least half a century, revolutionary changes have taken place in most developed countries. These changes manifest themselves in the drastic expansion of the degree of control over non-infectious causes of death—particularly over diseases of the circulatory system, neoplasms, and other non-communicable diseases, as well as over external causes of death. As a consequence of these changes, there has been a rapid shift of deaths from the abovementioned causes to older ages, an increase in the mean age of death from these causes, and, ultimately, a significant rise in life expectancy. Russia, unfortunately, is watching this revolution from the outside, without taking any part in it. The age distribution of deaths from major classes of causes of death in Russia has not changed over the past half-century, life expectancy has stagnated, and Russia has increasingly lagged behind the majority of developed countries with respect to this indicator. Thus, the “second epidemiological revolution” has not yet to occur in Russia.

scholarly journals Mortality from external causes in Russia over half a century

2015 ◽  
pp. 85-108
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Kvasha ◽  
Tatiana Kharkova ◽  
Valeriy Yumaguzin
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Undetermined Intent ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
Excess Number ◽  
External Causes

The article discusses long-term mortality trends (since 1956) from external causes of death in Russia. Russia has long lagged behind developed countries in this domain. The level of mortality from external causes of death remains high and its structure is still archaic with large contribution of homicides, alcohol poisoning and injuries of undetermined intent. Excess number of deaths from life tables of Russia and Western European countries is compared. It is shown that in Russia the greatest excess losses are associated with mortality from poisonings among both sexes, suicide among men and homicide among women. Mortality from external causes, along with mortality from diseases of the circulatory system, has had a significant impact on life expectancy. In general, over the period 1956-2012 the increase in mortality from external causes in the 15-64 age group reduced life expectancy by 2.6 years for males and 0.7 years for females. The decline, starting in 2003, of mortality from external causes of death has slightly reduced the gap between Russia and developed countries, bringing the current Russian level closer to those levels reached in Russia in the mid-1960s and 1980s. However, given the fluctuations of mortality from external causes, it is premature to say whether the current decline in mortality is robust.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE MORTALITY RATE AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE POLTAVA REGION AND THE WAYS OF ITS REDUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1087-1091
Author(s):  
Valentyn M. Dvornyk ◽  
Inna V. Bielikova ◽  
Ludmyla M. Shylkina ◽  
Valentyna L. Filatova ◽  
Natalia M. Martynenko
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Second Neoplasms ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes

Introduction: Saving and improvement of population’ health is one of the main priorities of the policy in any country. Studying of the level and causes of mortality is a powerful tool for assessing the effectiveness of health care systems. WHO recommends using of the European classification of preventable causes of death that based on three levels of prevention. The aim of this study is to compare the level and structure of mortality of the population of Ukraine and the Poltava region, to substantiate scientific approaches to the study and identification of those causes of death that can be prevented in order to formulate prevention programs at different level. Materials and methods: In research are used the information from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and from the Center for Medical Statistics of the MoH of Ukraine. Review: Despite the positive dynamics of mortality in recent years, both in the Poltava region and in Ukraine, the indicators remain extremely negative. About 73.3% of all fatalities in Ukraine are three main types of causes cardiovascular diseases, external causes of death and neoplasms. In the Poltava region, 70.56% of all causes of death are due to cardiovascular disease; neoplasms occupy 13.88%; external causes - 4.87%; diseases of the digestive system - 3,06%; respiratory diseases - 1.31% of the causes of death. Conclusions: The mortality rate both in the Poltava region and in Ukraine has tendency for declines, but remains rather high. General trends in the structure of causes of death: in the first place are diseases of the cardiovascular system, the second - neoplasms, the third -external causes. Structuring of the causes of death that based on the principle of prevention in Ukraine do not conduct.

Deaths Associated with Ankylosing Spondylitis in France from 1969 to 2009

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 594-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clément Prati ◽  
Marc Puyraveau ◽  
Xavier Guillot ◽  
Franck Verhoeven ◽  
Daniel Wendling
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Death Certificates ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes

Objective.To describe deaths for which ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was on death certificates in France.Methods.Death certificates in which AS was indicated were evaluated. Standard mortality ratio (SMR) was assessed.Results.AS appeared in 2940 death certificates. The mortality rate of AS seemed stable. The most frequent initial causes were diseases of the circulatory system [28.3% in the International Classification of Diseases, 10th ed (ICD-10)]. SMR adjusted for age and sex were 2.1 (95% CI 1.45–2.91) for infections and 0.43 (0.36–0.5) for cancers (ICD-10 period).Conclusion.This study found an increase in mortality from infectious and external causes of death; conversely, patients with AS appear to die less frequently from cancer.

scholarly journals Female reproductive factors and risk of external causes of death among women: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiori Tanaka ◽  
Sarah K. Abe ◽  
Norie Sawada ◽  
Taiki Yamaji ◽  
Taichi Shimazu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Reproductive Factors ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes

Abstract Although empirical data suggest a possible link between female reproductive events and risk of nonfatal accidents and suicidal behaviors, evidence to determine these effects on mortality is scarce. This study investigated the association between female reproductive factors and the risk of external causes of death among middle-aged Japanese women. We used a population-based cohort study consisting of 71 698 women residing in 11 public health center areas across Japan between 1990 and 1994. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of the risk of all external causes, suicide, and accidents according to female reproductive factors at the baseline survey. During 1 028 583 person-years of follow-up for 49 279 eligible subjects (average 20.9 years), we identified 328 deaths by all injuries. Among parous women, ever versus never breastfeeding [0.67 (95% CI: 0.49–0.92)] was associated with a decreased risk of all injuries. Risk of suicide was inversely associated with ever versus never parity [0.53 (95% CI: 0.32–0.88)]. A lower risk of death by accidents was seen in ever breastfeeding [0.63 (95% CI: 0.40–0.97)] compared to never breastfeeding. This study suggests that parity and breastfeeding are associated with reduced risk of death by all external causes, suicide and/or accidents among Japanese women.

scholarly journals Excess Mortality Due to External Causes in Women in the South African Mining Industry: 2013–2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry S. Wilson ◽  
Tahira Kootbodien ◽  
Nisha Naicker
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Proportional Mortality ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes

Mining is a recognized high-risk industry with a relatively high occurrence of occupational injuries and disease. In this study, we looked at the differences in mortality between male and female miners in South Africa. Data from Statistics South Africa regarding occupation and cause of death in the combined years 2013–2015 were analyzed. Proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) were calculated to investigate excess mortality due to external causes of death by sex in miners and in manufacturing laborers. Results: Women miners died at a significantly younger age on average (44 years) than all women (60 years), women manufacturers (53 years), and male miners (55 yrs). There was a significantly increased proportion of deaths due to external causes in women miners (12.4%) compared to all women (4.8%) and women manufacturers (4.6%). Significantly increased PMRs were seen in car occupant accidents (467, 95% confidence interval (CI) 151–1447), firearm discharge (464, 95% CI 220–974), and contact with blunt objects (2220 95% CI 833–5915). Conclusion: This descriptive study showed excess deaths in women miners due to external causes. Road accidents, firearm discharge, and contact with blunt objects PMRs were significantly increased. Further research is required to confirm the underlying reasons for external causes of death and to develop recommendations to protect women miners.

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