Development and Validation of the Short Version of the Sense of Humor Scale (SHS-S)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Heintz ◽  
Willibald Ruch ◽  
Chloe Lau ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske ◽  
Paul McGhee
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Well Being ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Sense Of Humor ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract. Humor training has become increasingly popular to enhance the “sense of humor” and well-being and to decrease depressive symptoms. Despite the wide applications of these training programs, the assessment of training efficacy has attracted less attention. The Sense of Humor Scale (SHS; McGhee, 1996 , 1999 ) recently was expanded to a long version (SHS-L) to enhance its internal consistency ( Ruch & Heintz, 2018 ). At the same time, there is also the need for a brief version of this scale. The purpose of the present study is to develop a short version (SHS-S) in both German- and English-speaking countries, test its psychometric properties (internal consistency, factorial, construct, and criterion validity), and assess measurement invariance across gender and the two languages. Using three samples (Sample 1: 570 English-speakers, Sample 2: 353 German-speakers, Sample 3: 94 other-reports), the 29-item SHS-S was developed and yielded promising internal consistency and validity scores for the six humor skill factors of enjoyment of humor, laughter, verbal humor, finding humor in everyday life, laughing at yourself, and humor under stress. Overall, the SHS-S is an internally consistent, valid, and economic tool for future research and group-based applications, while the SHS-L seems especially useful in individual applications.

scholarly journals Developing and Validating a Short Networking Behavior Scale (SNBS) From Wolff and Moser’s (2006) Measure

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-302
Author(s):  
Hans-Georg Wolff ◽  
Daniel Spurk
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Behavior Scale ◽  
External Networking ◽  
Networking Behavior ◽  
Development And Validation

Networking refers to building, maintaining, and using informal contacts to attain work or career resources. Although several measures exist, we are not aware of any short measure that reaches conventional standards and captures the breadth and multiple dimensions of the construct. To enable a brief and at the same time broad assessment of networking behaviors, this study reports the development and validation of a short version (the Short Networking Behavior Scale) of Wolff and Moser’s (2006) 44-item networking behavior scale. We examine the measurement properties of the derived 18-item version in two studies using three samples. Confirmatory factor analyses show that a correlated six-factor model with two higher order factors of internal and external networking fits the data well. We provide evidence for construct and criterion-oriented validity, showing that the internal and external networking scales exhibit meaningful correlational patterns with personality, career, and social network variables but only small and mostly nonsignificant correlations with measures of job or task characteristics.

Initial Development and Validation of the Youth Internalizing Problems Screener

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler L. Renshaw ◽  
Clayton R. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Latent Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Development And Validation

The present studies report on the initial development and validation of the Youth Internalizing Problems Screener (YIPS), which is a 10-item self-report rating scale for assessing general internalizing problems and identifying depression and anxiety caseness within the context of school mental health screening. Results from Study 1 ( N = 177) demonstrated that responses to the YIPS yielded a single-factor latent structure, that scores derived from the scale had concurrent validity with scores from measures of student subjective well-being and problem behavior, and showed that scores derived from the YIPS demonstrated incremental validity in comparison with scores from another common internalizing problems screener for predicting self-reports of broad student functioning. Findings from Study 2 ( N = 219) confirmed the latent structure and internal reliability of responses to the YIPS, demonstrated that scores derived from this scale had strong associations with scores from criterion measures of depression and anxiety, and showed that YIPS scores had good-to-excellent power for accurately discriminating between youth scoring at or above the clinical caseness thresholds on criterion measures of depression and anxiety. Taken together, results suggest the YIPS shows promise as a technically adequate instrument for measuring general internalizing problems and identifying depression and anxiety caseness among secondary students. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Development and validation of the short version of the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWB-S)

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Grossi ◽  
Nicola Groth ◽  
Paola Mosconi ◽  
Renata Cerutti ◽  
Fabio Pace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Development And Validation

scholarly journals Three decades investigating humor and laughter: An interview with Professor Rod Martin

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod Martin ◽  
Nicholas A. Kuiper
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Humor Styles ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Sense Of Humor ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The University

Since the start of the 21st century, the investigation of various psychological aspects of humor and laughter has become an increasingly prominent topic of research. This growth can be attributed, in no small part, to the pioneering and creative work on humor and laughter conducted by Professor Rod Martin. Dr. Martin’s research interests in humor and laughter began in the early 1980s and continued throughout his 32 year long career as a professor of clinical psychology at the University of Western Ontario. During this time, Dr. Martin published numerous scholarly articles, chapters, and books on psychological aspects of humor and laughter. Professor Martin has just retired in July 2016, and in the present interview he recounts a number of research highlights of his illustrious career. Dr. Martin’s earliest influential work, conducted while he was still in graduate school, stemmed from an individual difference perspective that focused on the beneficial effects of sense of humor on psychological well-being. This research focus remained evident in many of Professor Martin’s subsequent investigations, but became increasingly refined as he developed several measures of different components of sense of humor, including both adaptive and maladaptive humor styles. In this interview, Dr. Martin describes the conceptualization, development and use of the Humor Styles Questionnaire, along with suggestions for future research and development. In doing so, he also discusses the three main components of humor (i.e., cognitive, emotional and interpersonal), as well as the distinctions and similarities between humor and laughter. Further highlights of this interview include Professor Martin’s comments on such diverse issues as the genetic versus environmental loadings for sense of humor, the multifaceted nature of the construct of humor, and the possible limitations of teaching individuals to use humor in a beneficial manner to cope with stress and enhance their social and interpersonal relationships.

scholarly journals Psychological well-being among college students: A study from Central India

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Arvind Sharma ◽  
Tej Pratap Singh ◽  
Richa Sharma ◽  
Jagmohan Singh Dhakar ◽  
Aditi Bharti
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Central India ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Background: Psychological well-being (PWB) is affected by age, physical health, personality, life experiences, socioeconomic status, and culture. Age is an important social determinant of health and age-based analysis is necessary to rectify one’s health and health care. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to assess the PWB of college students and to determine the correlation between age and PWB aspects. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 210 college students selected by simple random sampling. Ryff’s PWB scale, a 42-item version used for the assessment of PWB, and data were collected by self-administering questionnaires. Statistical Analysis: Internal consistency of the scale was estimated and descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, and regression analysis were applied. Results: The mean age of the participants was 19.41±1.69 years and 61% were male. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for internal consistency of Ryff’s PWB scale was 0.814 in this study. The mean of PWB was 205.42±11.04 and ≥20 years scored higher in all the parameters of PWB than <20 years, differences were (t=3.62, P=0.001) significant. Simple linear regression showed that age was a highly significant (P=0.002) predictor of PWB. Conclusion: The study illustrated that students of 20 years or more had better PWB in terms of all dimensions than <20 years-, and also suggested the need for future research, like, to deepen on the conceptual and relations between age and PWB, and to analyze the impact that social changes have toward age group on PWB.

scholarly journals “Sometimes It’s Difficult to Have a Normal Life”: Results from a Qualitative Study Exploring Caregiver Burden in Schizophrenia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Gater ◽  
Diana Rofail ◽  
Chloe Tolley ◽  
Chris Marshall ◽  
Linda Abetz-Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Societal Costs ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Persons With Schizophrenia ◽  
Provision Of Care

Objectives. As a disease typified by early onset and chronic disease course, caring for a person with schizophrenia may have a significant impact on caregivers’ lives. This study aimed to investigate the subjective experiences of caregivers of people with schizophrenia as a means of understanding “caregiver burden” in this population.Methods. Face-to-face qualitative interviews were conducted with a diverse sample of 19 US-English speaking caregivers of people with schizophrenia (who were at least moderately ill). Interview transcripts were analyzed using grounded theory methods and findings used to inform the development of a preliminary conceptual model outlining caregivers’ experiences.Results. Findings support assertions that people with schizophrenia were largely dependent upon caregivers for the provision of care and caregivers subsequently reported lacking time for themselves and their other responsibilities (e.g., family and work). Caregiver burden frequently manifested as detriments in physical (e.g., fatigue, sickness) and emotional well-being (e.g., depression and anxiety).Conclusions. Caring for a person with schizophrenia has a significant impact on the lives of informal (unpaid) caregivers and alleviating caregiver burden is critical for managing individual and societal costs. Future research should concentrate on establishing reliable and valid means of assessing burden among caregivers of persons with schizophrenia to inform the development and evaluation of interventions for reducing this burden.

scholarly journals Exploring the Development, Validity, and Utility of the Short-Form Version of the CHoice of Outcome In Cbt for PsychosEs: A Patient-Reported Outcome Measure of Psychological Recovery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Webb ◽  
Gergely Bartl ◽  
Bryony James ◽  
Rosie Skan ◽  
Emmanuelle Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Sensitivity To Change ◽  
Psychological Recovery ◽  
Patient Reported

Abstract The original CHoice of Outcome In Cbt for psychosEs (CHOICE) measure was designed in collaboration with experts by experience as a patient-reported “Psychological Recovery” outcome measure for cognitive-behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp). A short version (CHOICE-SF) was developed to use as a brief outcome measure, with a focus on sensitivity to change, for use in future research and practice. CHOICE-SF was developed and validated using 3 separate samples, comprising 640 service users attending 1 of 2 transdiagnostic clinics for (1) CBTp or (2) therapies for voice hearing or (3) who took part in the treatment as usual arm of a trial. In the initial subsample of 69 participants, items from the original CHOICE measure with medium to large effect sizes for change pre- to post-CBTp were retained to form the CHOICE-SF. Internal consistency, construct validity, and sensitivity to change were confirmed, and the factor structure was examined in 242 participants. Specificity was confirmed by comparison with 44 participants who completed CHOICE at 2 time points but did not receive therapy. Validation of CHOICE-SF was carried out by confirming factor structure and sensitivity to change in a new sample of 354 and a subsample of 51 participants, respectively. The CHOICE-SF comprised 11 items and 1 additional personal goal item. A single-factor structure was confirmed, with high internal consistency, construct validity, and sensitivity to change. The CHOICE-SF is a brief, psychometrically robust measure to assess change following psychological therapies in research and clinical practice for people with psychosis and severe mental illness.

scholarly journals The Self-Generated Stress Scale: Development, Psychometric Features, and Associations With Perfectionism, Self-Criticism, and Distress

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-83
Author(s):  
Gordon L. Flett ◽  
Paul L. Hewitt ◽  
Taryn Nepon
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Challenging Situation ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Report Measure

In the current article, we describe the development and validation of a self-report measure of self-generated stress and its associations with measures of perfectionism, self-criticism, and distress. The Self-Generated Stress Scale is a seven-item inventory that taps the tendency to see oneself as someone who generates and adds to existing personal stress (i.e., making a challenging situation worse or turning a life problem into a bigger problem). Psychometric analyses with data from three samples of university students showed that the Self-Generated Stress Scale has one factor and acceptable internal consistency. Analyses established that self-generated stress is associated with trait perfectionism, self-criticism, dependency, and self-silencing, as well as indices tapping cognitive perfectionism and perfectionistic self-presentation. Self-generated stress was also associated with distress and psychosomatic health symptoms. Regression analyses established that scores on the Self-Generated Stress Scale predict unique variance in distress and negative affect beyond the variance attributable to self-criticism and other measures of stress. Overall, our findings attest to the further use of the Self-Generated Stress Scale in various contexts and highlight that certain perfectionists suffer from a perceived tendency to make their lives more stressful. The implications of these findings are discussed along with directions for future research.

scholarly journals Accuracy and Stability in English Speakers’ Production of Japanese Pitch Accent

2021 ◽  
pp. 002383092110223
Author(s):  
Becky Muradás-Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
First Language ◽  
Pitch Accent ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Japanese Pitch Accent ◽  
Accuracy And Stability

Standard Japanese uses pitch accent to distinguish words such as initially-accented hashi “chopsticks” and finally-accented hashi “bridge.” Research on the second language acquisition of pitch accent shows considerable variation: in accuracy scores in identification, in different dominant accent types in production, and in the unstable accent types of repeated words. This study investigates pitch accent production in English-speaking learners of Japanese, asking how accuracy and stability vary (a) with amount of Japanese experience and (b) between learners. Two groups of learners (13 less experienced; 8 more experienced) produced 180 words in three contexts (e.g., ame “rain,” ame da “it’s rain,” and ame ga furu “rain falls”). Three Japanese phoneticians identified the accent types of the words that the learners produced. The results showed no difference in accuracy or stability between the two groups and little inter-learner variation in accuracy: all had low accuracy. Although some learners had relatively high stability, they did not maintain accent type contrasts across contexts. These results suggest that first language English speakers do not encode pitch accent in long-term memory, raising questions for future research and language teaching.

scholarly journals Resilience Training Programs in Organizational Contexts: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ianina Scheuch ◽  
Natalie Peters ◽  
Max S. Lohner ◽  
Caroline Muss ◽  
Carmela Aprea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Contexts ◽  
Resilience Training ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Program Characteristics ◽  
Number Of Publications

The importance of resilience for employees' well-being and performance at work has grown steadily in recent years. This development has become even more pronounced through the recent COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences, including major changes in occupational settings. Although there is increasing interest in resilience in general and a growing number of publications focusing on the development of resilience in particular, many questions remain about resilience training, especially in organizational contexts. The purpose of this scoping review is to uncover what is known about resilience training in organizational contexts. A systematic search of four databases for articles published through 2021 was conducted. A total of 48 studies focusing on resilience training programs in organizational contexts were included in this review. The review provides relevant insights into resilience training programs by focusing on program characteristics, target group, study design, and outcomes. Based on the results, the main aspects that concern the development of resilience training programs for organizational settings and requirements for the study design for empirical investigation were summarized. The results of the review highlight possible directions for future research and offer useful insights for resilience-enhancing training programs in organizations.

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