Morningness-Eveningness and Eating Disorders in a Sample of Adolescent Girls

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Schmidt ◽  
Christoph Randler
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
The Other ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Circadian Preference ◽  
The One

Eating disorders and morningness-eveningness preferences are presumed to be associated with each other. We tested this hypothesis in an adolescent population using a questionnaire for morningness (CSM) and three scales of the EDI-2: drive for thinness, bulimic behavior, and body dissatisfaction. After controlling for age and BMI, we found a positive association between eveningness and all three scales; evening-oriented girls reported higher values in eating disorders. There was a positive correlation between body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness on the one side and bedtimes during the week and on the weekend on the other, again supporting the view that eveningness and eating disorders are associated. The association between circadian preference and eating disorders thus emerges already in adolescence.

scholarly journals Mediation Effect of Perceived Fitness on the Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Sport Practice in Spanish Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8800
Author(s):  
Silvia Arribas-Galarraga ◽  
Izaskun Luis-de Cos ◽  
Gurutze Luis-de Cos ◽  
Saioa Urrutia-Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Psychosocial Aspects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Sport Practice ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

There has been a decrease in sports practices among the adolescent population, and several authors have tried to identify variables that can explain this decrease by analyzing psychosocial aspects such as perceived fitness and self-efficacy. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to examine the association of perceived fitness and self-efficacy with sport practices and to determine whether perceived fitness is a mediator of the association between self-efficacy and sport practice in Spanish adolescents. The sample was composed of 882 students between 13 and 17 years old from Gipuzkoa (Spain). A descriptive, correlational and direct/indirect effect approach was used, using the PROCESS macro for Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Among the results obtained, it is highlighted on the one hand, that perceived fitness significantly correlates with both self-efficacy and sport practice, on the other hand, it is confirmed that perceived fitness is a mediator in the relationship between self-efficacy and sports practice. This finding highlights the importance of psychosocial aspects in efforts to increase sports practice.

scholarly journals Aggregation And Spatial Coexistence of Earthworm Community in Grassy Savanna of Lamto (Côte d’Ivoire)

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seydou Tiho ◽  
N'guetta Moise Ehouman ◽  
Mamadou Dagnogo
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Spatial Competition ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Geostatistical Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
The One ◽  
Reduced Density

Understanding of mechanisms by which species spatially coexist, come from the theoretical framework and has focussed on spatial competition. Earthworms were sampled in rainy season on a grid obtained from grassy savanna to explore spatial competition. We used geostatistical analysis to assess spatial dependence within community between different population patterns. Empirical results revealed among earthworm community two groups of species appeared of interest in term of association. The Eudrilidae species (Stuhlmannia porifera, Chuniodrilus zielae, and Chuniodrilus sp1) on the one part were negatively associated with Millsonia omodeoi (Megascolecidae) on the other part, whereas we observed significant positive association between C.zielae and S.porifera. This study indicates that the competitive interaction structures the community and this competition is detected through reduced density of one competitor when they spatially collocated.

scholarly journals Body Dissatisfaction, Restrictive, and Bulimic Behaviours among Young Women: A Polish–Japanese Comparison

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadetta Izydorczyk ◽  
Ha Truong Thi Khanh ◽  
Sebastian Lizińczyk ◽  
Katarzyna Sitnik-Warchulska ◽  
Małgorzata Lipowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sociocultural Attitudes ◽  
Cultural Standards ◽  
Eating Disorders Inventory

The growing number of women, who are characterized by restrictive and bulimic behaviours towards their own body is observed especially in countries influenced by Westernalization. However, there is a lack of cross-cultural studies in this area. The main aim of the present study was to examine the psychological and socio-cultural risk factors for eating disorders in Polish and Japanese women. A cross-sectional research study was conducted among 18- to 29-year old Polish (n = 89) and Japanese (n = 97) women. The variables were measured using the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Scale SATAQ-3, and the Eating Disorders Inventory EDI-3. The descriptive and comparative statistics, Spearman’s rho, and the stepwise regression analysis were used. The global internalization of socio-cultural standards of body image proved to be a significant predictor of Body Dissatisfaction among Polish and Japanese women. The main analysis showed a significant relation between the Drive for Thinness and Interoceptive Deficits in the group of Japanese women, as well as a correlation between Drive for Thinness and Asceticism in the group of Polish women. The obtained results could improve the prevention aimed the dysfunctional eating behaviours. However, the cultural nuances need to be considered in understanding the risk factors for eating disorders.

scholarly journals Correlates of Overgeneral Memories in Normal Subjects

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Merckelbach ◽  
Peter Muris ◽  
Robert Horselenberg
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Verbal Processing ◽  
Memory Specificity ◽  
The One ◽  
Cue Words

This study examined the correlates of overgeneral memories (i.e., non-specific memories) in normal subjects. Subjects were instructed to generate five personal memories in response to positive cue-words and five memories in response to negative cue-words. As predicted, no evidence was found for a positive association between overgeneral memories and level of depression. Neither was there an association between low memory specificity on the one hand and neuroticism and trait anxiety on the other hand. A significant though small correlation was found between hemisphere thinking style and specificity of personal memories. Surprisingly, the direction of this correlation was such that the more subjects relied on a left hemisphere mode of thinking (i.e., analytic and verbal processing), the more overgeneral their memories were. Taken together, the results indicate that in normal samples, depression symptoms, neuroticism or trait anxiety do not represent important correlates of overgeneral memories consistent with their status as trait markers uninfluenced by state factors.

Psychological Commitment to Exercise and Eating Disorder Symptomatology among Female Aerobic Instructors

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen A. Martin ◽  
Heather A. Hausenblas
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Eating Disorder Inventory ◽  
Psychological Commitment ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptomatology ◽  
Practical Implications

Researchers have questioned aerobic instructors’ status as healthy role models by suggesting that they are excessive exercisers who may be at risk for developing eating disorders. To address this issue, 286 female aerobic instructors (mean age = 34.1) completed the Commitment to Exercise Scale (CES) and the Bulimia (B), Body Dissatisfaction (BD), and Drive for Thinness (DT) subscales of the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2). Instructors scored low on the CES (M = 62.24) relative to other high-exercising populations. Scores on the EDI-2 subscales were also low compared to published norms (M = .78, 7.8, and 3.2 for B, BD, and DT, respectively). Simple correlations revealed that the CES was related to all three EDI-2 subscales (rs ranged from .18 to .30; ps < .01). Discussion focuses on factors that may account for instructors’ healthy attitudes toward exercise and eating, and practical implications for sport psychologists who work with fitness instructors.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Risk of Suffering Eating Disorders in young student university of Extremadura (Spain)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Benitez ◽  
Susana Sánchez ◽  
María Luisa Bermejo ◽  
Lourdes Franco-Reynolds ◽  
María Angustias García-Herraiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Western World ◽  
Young Student ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
The University

Los Trastornos de la Alimentación (TA), la Anorexia Nerviosa (AN), Bulimia nerviosa (BN) y trastorno por atracón son trastornos de gran preocupación en el mundo occidental. Sus tendencias crecientes han llevado a los investigadores a tratar de explicar los factores implicados, sus causas y sus efectos, como una forma de contribuir a los esfuerzos para detener las tendencias de crecimiento.Nuestro proyecto de investigación se centra en el estudio del riesgo de padecer TA entre una muestra de 600 estudiantes de la Universidad de Extremadura (España). Dichos estudiantes están matriculados en doce de los grados ofertados por dicha Universidad.Los instrumentos de evaluación utilizados para los fines de esta investigación están el inventario-3 trastorno del RF (RF de EDI-3) y el cuestionario en español, IMAGEN (evaluación de la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal).Los resultados más significativos demuestran la existencia de un alto porcentaje de estudiantes en riesgo de sufrir TA. En las jóvenes alumnas se evidencia mayores tasas de insatisfacción corporal y de delgadez que sus compañeros masculinos que, por el contrario, demuestran más características de bulimia. Además quienes estudian grados de educación presentan tasas más altas de los factores de riesgo para sufrir tales como TC, la unidad de la delgadez y la insatisfacción de su propio cuerpo, en la situación opuesta se encuentran los grados de ciencias de la salud en particular los estudiantes de enfermería, probablemente como consecuencia de un mayor conocimiento biosanitario.   Eating disorders (ED), anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder are disorders of great concern in western world countries. Their rising tendencies have led researchers to try to explain the factors involved, their causes, and their effects, as a way of contributing to the efforts to stop the growing trends. Our research project focuses on the study of the risk of suffering ED amongst a sample of 600 students from the University of Extremadura (Spain). Said students are enrolled in twelve of the degrees offered by the University. The assessment tools used for the purposes of this research are the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 RF (EDI-3 RF) and the Spanish questionnaire, IMAGEN (Evaluation of Dissatisfaction with Body Image). The most significant results show the existence of a high percentage of students at risk of suffering ED. Young female students evidence higher rates of body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness than their male classmates who, conversely, demonstrate more characteristics of bulimia. Those studying education present higher rates of risk factors for suffering ED, such as the drive for thinness and their own body dissatisfaction, in the opposite situation are the health degrees in particular the nursing students, as a result of a greater bio health knowledge caused.

scholarly journals Clinical Holding in Pediatric Venipuncture: Caring by Empowering the Caregiver

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7403
Author(s):  
Manuel Tomás-Jiménez ◽  
Elena Fernández Díaz ◽  
María Jesús Flores Sánchez ◽  
Andrea Navarro Pliego ◽  
Ramon Mir-Abellán
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Parent Satisfaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Parental Participation ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
The Future

The use of restraint in the child-adolescent population is highly controversial due to the consequences it can have for patients and their families, although it is sometimes necessary to employ restraint to perform techniques safely and effectively. Clinical Holding is committed to the involvement of parents during venipuncture in the context of family-centred care. This study assesses levels of distress and pain in children undergoing this procedure, as well as satisfaction in parents and nurses. Parents assist in the restraint of children and provide accompaniment during venipuncture. Levels of distress and pain were not particularly elevated. Satisfaction levels among parents and nurses were high. A positive correlation was found between anticipatory and real distress (r = 0.737, p = 0.000), and between real distress and real pain (r = 0.368, p = 0.035). A negative correlation was observed between real pain and parent satisfaction (r = −0.497, p = 0.003). Parental participation during venipuncture contributed to better management of distress and pain. In the future, it would be advisable to incorporate the other pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures recommended by Clinical Holding to ensure care of the highest quality and safety.

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