Using the Research Literature on Parenting to Guide Clinical Practice

Introduction Limited access to nurse supervisors, insufficient learning support and staff with high workloads are well documented in the research literature as barriers to nursing students´ learning in clinical practice in nursing homes. Due to these barriers nursing students may benefit from additional learning support from nurse educators during their clinical practice period. Objective The study aimed to explore nursing students’ experiences of supplementary simulation training as a tool to support learning during clinical practice in nursing homes. Methods A descriptive qualitative design was used. Twenty-seven first-year nursing students from a university college in Norway were interviewed after attending a seven-week practice period in nursing homes with supplementary simulation training. Three semi-structured focus group interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analysed using systematic text condensation. Findings Three categories of student experiences were identified: enhancing the reasoning behind care, transferring knowledge and experiences between the learning environments and enhancing the sense of mastery. Conclusion The supplementary simulation training seemed to complement clinical practice by consolidating the students’ learning during the clinical practice period, enhance the students’ motivation and sense of mastery, and consequently their efforts to seek out new challenges, explore and learn both in the clinical and the simulated environment.

Download Full-text

Hypnosis and relaxation

Oxford Textbook of Paediatric Pain ◽

10.1093/med/9780199642656.003.0054 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 560-568 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christina Liossi ◽

Leora Kuttner ◽

Chantal Wood ◽

Lonnie K. Zeltzer

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Pain Management ◽

Research Evidence ◽

Research Literature ◽

Current Understanding ◽

Relaxation Techniques ◽

Chronic Pain Management ◽

Future Studies ◽

Hypnotic Analgesia

This chapter discusses the current research literature and clinical practice regarding the use of hypnosis in paediatric pain management, first defining hypnosis and discussing theoretical conceptualizations. Next it presents our current understanding of the mechanisms of hypnotic analgesia, along with the research evidence for the efficacy of hypnosis in the control of acute and chronic paediatric pain; in both sections relevant clinical techniques are discussed. It also includes a description and discussion of different relaxation techniques and the evidence for their efficacy in acute and chronic pain management, and concludes with an attempt to summarize and evaluate the existing literature and make suggestions for future studies and clinical practice.

Download Full-text

Emotional Sequelae of Abortion: Implications for Clinical Practice

Psychology of Women Quarterly ◽

10.1111/j.1471-6402.1988.tb00978.x ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 461-472 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Jeanne Parr Lemkau

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Decisional Conflict ◽

Research Literature ◽

Psychotherapeutic Treatment ◽

Cultural Milieu ◽

Medical Environment ◽

Increase Risk ◽

Abortion Procedure

The literature is summarized on normative reactions to abortion and factors that increase risk of negative emotional sequelae. Four areas of inquiry for identifying psychotherapeutic issues in regard to abortion are elaborated, including: (a) characteristics of the woman prior to and at the time of the abortion, (b) the nature of social support and the cultural milieu around the abortion, (c) characteristics of the medical environment and abortion procedure, and (d) events subsequent to the abortion which may have aroused post-decisional conflict. The implications of the research literature for psychotherapeutic treatment of women who have had abortions are discussed.

Download Full-text

Fibromyalgia and Disability Adjudication: No Simple Solutions to a Complex Problem

Pain Research and Management ◽

10.1155/2014/321307 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 293-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Manfred Harth ◽

Warren R Nielson

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Current Issue ◽

Family Physicians ◽

Complex Problem ◽

Research Literature ◽

Symptom Validity ◽

Complex Nature ◽

Physical Effort ◽

Considerable Evidence ◽

Complex Process

BACKGROUND: Adjudication of disability claims related to fibromyalgia (FM) syndrome can be a challenging and complex process. A commentary published in the current issue ofPain Research & Managementmakes suggestions for improvement. The authors of the commentary contend that: previously and currently used criteria for the diagnosis of FM are irrelevant to clinical practice; the opinions of family physicians should supersede those of experts; there is little evidence that trauma can cause FM; no formal instruments are necessary to assess disability; and many FM patients on or applying for disability are exaggerating or malingering, and tests of symptoms validity should be used to identify malingerers.OBJECTIVES: To assess the assertions made by Fitzcharles et al.METHODS: A narrative review of the available research literature was performed.RESULTS: Available diagnostic criteria should be used in a medicolegal context; family physicians are frequently uncertain about FM and/or biased; there is considerable evidence that trauma can be a cause of FM; it is essential to use validated instruments to assess functional impairment; and the available tests of physical effort and symptom validity are of uncertain value in identifying malingering in FM.CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence does not support many of the suggestions presented in the commentary. Caution is advised in adopting simple solutions for disability adjudication in FM because they are generally incompatible with the inherently complex nature of the problem.

Download Full-text

A survey of Australian chiropractors’ attitudes and beliefs about evidence-based practice and their use of research literature and clinical practice guidelines

Chiropractic & Manual Therapies ◽

10.1186/2045-709x-21-44 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Bruce F Walker ◽

Norman J Stomski ◽

Jeff J Hebert ◽

Simon D French

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Clinical Practice Guidelines ◽

Practice Guidelines ◽

Evidence Based Practice ◽

Research Literature ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Attitudes And Beliefs ◽

Use Of Research

Download Full-text

Research Design and Clinical Practice in Behaviour Therapy

B A B P bulletin ◽

10.1017/s204134830000447x ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 43-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andrew Mathews

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Error Term ◽

Research Literature ◽

Creative Activity ◽

Behaviour Therapy ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Clinical Interest ◽

Clinical Questions ◽

Clinical Problems ◽

Fixed Period

Clinicians faced with the problem of finding the most effective treatment of individual patients often express disappointment and frustration when turning to the research literature for guidance. Treatments and measures reported are often standardised, may be carried out for a fixed period irrespective of response, and use atypical - even ‘analogue’ populations, while variables of most clinical interest - such as individual differences - are symbolically relegated to the error term of the ANOVA. One reaction to this is to dismiss the experimental method as irrelevant to clinical problems, usually in favour of intuition in one guise or another, as a more satisfying and creative activity. It is unfortunately true that rigorous experiment is no guarantee of rapid success in generating valid theory or successful application in the clinic - however it is the only available route to cumulative progress. To utilise it most effectively requires both awareness of relevant clinical questions by the research worker, and willingness to utilise experimental or ‘quasi-experimental’ (Campbell & Stanley, 1966) methods on the part of the clinician, rather than to retreat to the non-experimental and untestable position of the pre-scientific psychotherapists.

Download Full-text

The clinical use of buprenorphine in opiate addiction: evidence and practice

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1111/j.0924-2708.2004.00095.x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 246-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Fergus D. Law ◽

Judy S. Myles ◽

Mark R. C. Daglish ◽

David J. Nutt

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Opioid Dependence ◽

Research Literature ◽

Drop Out ◽

Opiate Dependence ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Drop Out Rate ◽

Opioid Receptor Agonist ◽

Μ Opioid Receptor ◽

The Uk

Buprenorphine is a partial μ-opioid receptor agonist that is being increasingly used in clinical practice in the treatment of opioid dependence in the UK, USA, and, elsewhere. Its unique pharmacological properties mean it is a relatively safe drug, it can be given by alternate day dispensing, and it is associated with relatively mild symptoms on withdrawal. The interpretation of the research literature on buprenorphine is however, complex, and often appears to be in conflict with how buprenorphine is used in clinical practice. This article describes these apparent contradictions, their likely explanations, and how these may further inform our clinical practice. The article also describes the clinically relevant pharmacological properties of buprenorphine, compares it to methadone, relates the evidence to clinical experience, and provides practical advice on how to manage the most common clinical techniques. The best quality evidence suggests that very rapid buprenorphine induction is not associated with a higher drop-out rate than methadone, that buprenorphine is probably as good as methadone for maintenance treatment, and is superior to methadone and α-2 adrenergic agonists for detoxification. However, buprenorphine cannot yet be considered the ‘gold standard’ treatment for opiate dependence because of the higher drop-out rates that may occur on induction using current techniques, its high-cost relative to methadone, and because the place of buprenorphine in treatment is still continuing to evolve.

Download Full-text

Why Is Exercise Underutilized in Clinical Practice Despite Evidence It Is Effective? Lessons in Pragmatism From the Inclusion of Exercise in Guidelines for the Treatment of Depression in the British National Health Service

Kinesiology Review ◽

10.1123/kr.2020-0036 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-22

Author(s):

Panteleimon Ekkekakis

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

National Health Service ◽

Health Service ◽

National Health ◽

Primary Care Physicians ◽

Research Evidence ◽

Research Literature ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Effective Lessons ◽

British National Health

Exercise remains greatly underutilized in clinical practice for reasons that are only partly understood. This critical review situates the problem within the broader political and economic context. It focuses on depression, the leading cause of disability worldwide, and the processes that followed the inclusion of exercise as a treatment option in clinical practice guidelines in the British National Health Service. The review highlights previously unaddressed phenomena, including antiexercise lobbying by primary care physicians and efforts to present the evidence for the antidepressant effects of exercise as weak, nonexistent, or methodologically flawed. Notably, the field of kinesiology remained silent while these processes unfolded. This information suggests that the path from research evidence to implementation in clinical settings remains dependent on factors beyond the amount and quality of research evidence. The review underscores the need to vigilantly monitor, critically appraise, and actively participate in the clinical research literature and the development of guidelines.

Download Full-text

Future directions

10.1093/med/9780199673278.003.0012 ◽

2014 ◽

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Research Literature ◽

Electrical Characteristics ◽

Future Directions ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Making Sense ◽

Electrode Positioning ◽

Research Findings ◽

Study Designs

The purpose of this book is to synthesize research findings on TENS to inform safe and appropriate TENS technique in clinical practice. Making sense of available research on TENS is challenging because literature is littered with inconsistent TENS terminology, methodologically weak study designs, and variability in clinical technique, including electrode positioning, electrical characteristics, and dosing. Nevertheless, some general findings emerge from the comprehensive review of the research literature which can inform safe and appropriate clinical practice. The purpose of this chapter is to summarise the research findings and to explore future directions for TENS research and clinical practice.

Download Full-text

Application of platelet function testing to the bedside

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1160/th09-06-0375 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 103 (01) ◽

pp. 29-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Ganesh Cherala ◽

Victor Serebruany ◽

Craig Williams

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Clinical Research ◽

Platelet Function ◽

Platelet Reactivity ◽

Research Literature ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Effective Implementation ◽

Platelet Aggregometry ◽

Anti Platelet Drug ◽

Function Testing

SummaryThe ability to test platelet reactivity in clinical practice could help in making informed decisions on both initiation and titration of anti-platelet drug therapies. However, many barriers still remain to the effective implementation of such techniques. Many tests used in the research literature are not yet available for practical, clinical use. Platelet aggregometry, while informative and currently available for bedside use, needs additional research before routine clinical use can be recommended. This review will highlight and update contemporary issues of bedside platelet testing for the clinician and comment on future areas of clinical research.

Download Full-text