Does Place of Permanent Residence influence Students' Perceptions of the Poor, Diversity and Public Service

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline B. Oushana ◽  
Joseph R. Ferrari
Author(s):  
Koji Yamamoto

Projects began to emerge during the sixteenth century en masse by promising to relieve the poor, improve the balance of trade, raise money for the Crown, and thereby push England’s imperial ambitions abroad. Yet such promises were often too good to be true. This chapter explores how the ‘reformation of abuses’—a fateful slogan associated with England’s break from Rome—came to be used widely in economic contexts, and undermined promised public service under Elizabeth and the early Stuarts. The negative image of the projector soon emerged in response, reaching both upper and lower echelons of society. The chapter reconstructs the social circulation of distrust under Charles, and considers its repercussions. To do this it brings conceptual tools developed in social psychology and sociology to bear upon sources conventionally studied in literary and political history.


2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ann Fones-Wolf

Abstract: Historians have paid relatively little attention to labour’s involvement in radio reform in the United States. Unions criticized the poor quality of programming and the lack of public service. They were also concerned about corporate control of radio and particularly about labour’s lack of access. After briefly examining organized labour’s initial efforts to reform radio, this paper focuses on the key role unions played in the postwar media reform movement, which advocated a “listeners’ rights” approach to broadcasting. This concept, along with a commitment to localism, diversity, and community involvement, was among the key ideas championed by media reformers in postwar America. Résumé : Les historiens ont porté peu d’attention à l’implication de la main-d’œuvre dans la réforme de la radio aux États-Unis. Les syndicats à cette époque critiquaient la mauvaise qualité de la programmation et le manque de service au public. Ils se souciaient du contrôle que les entreprises exerçaient sur la radio, particulièrement le manque d’accès à la radio que ce contrôle leur imposait. Cet article, après un bref examen des efforts initiaux de la main-d’œuvre pour réformer la radio, se concentre sur le rôle clé joué par les syndicats dans le mouvement de réforme des médias pendant l’après-guerre ; ceux-ci prônaient une approche de la radiodiffusion qui privilégiait les « droits des auditeurs ». En plus de ce concept, les notions d’engagement vis-à-vis de la localité, la diversité et la participation de la communauté comptaient parmi les idées clés appuyées par les réformateurs des médias dans l’après-guerre aux États-Unis.


2000 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent J. Rosivach

There is a school of thought which attributes the more refined discourse of New Comedy (compared with that of the Old) at least in part to a change in the composition of Athenian theatre audiences. This way of thinking assumes that payment for attending theatre performances (the so-called theōrikon) was discontinued along with other payments for i public service under the oligarchic regimes Macedonia imposed upon Athens in the late fourth century B.C.; and it further assumes that with the elimination of this subsidy many of the poor could no longer afford to attend the theatre. The first of these assumptions, that the audiences for New Comedy did not receive theōrikon payments, is reasonable enough, but the second assumption, that the poor therefore stopped coming to the theatre, is more problematic.


2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-272
Author(s):  
Lidia Trausan-Matu

The main objective of this study is to provide an overview of the evolution of the medical system in Wallachia between 1840 and 1860 and the very important role of physician Nicolae Gussi (1802-1869), protomedicus of Wallachia between 1840 and 1859, to transform medicine into a modern public service, accessible to the entire population. Particularly, we will refer to the medical reform project of 1853, which Gussi implemented during the time he headed the medical-sanitary administration. We will insist on the details of the project because it was designed to create a network of county hospitals that would improve the health of the population and, in the medium and long term, would reduce mortality and increase life expectancy. Another dimension of the study aims at the tenure of physicians in county hospitals and describes the medical services they provided to patients, particularly from the poor population.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (210) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
THAINA DE ARAUJO SILVA ◽  
Jhessica Larissa Carvalho Sarath

The present article deals with the cases of sexual abuse that occur in public transport, resulting from the patriarchal culture rooted in society, as well as the poor performance of the State in offering a public service, without guaranteeing its quality. Based on this situation, it is analyzed how the patriarchal and sexist culture is present in society and how the State is silent on public measures and policies that are in fact effective in guaranteeing the safety of women in the public space. Thus, it is concluded that for such a scenario to be solved or at least improved, there is a greater participation of the State as an essential service provider and policies with the objective of eradicating inequality of gender. This research uses the following methodology classified as: deductive, exploratory, with a monographic research, from a qualitative perspective.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarmo

<p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>The Al-Munawaroh Muslim is an Islamic communitygrowing in Gilingan urban area of Surakarta City. Most members of this association and many people living around the area were living in poverty. This situation was perceived as a common problem and challenge for the community to resolve it. </em><em>The aim of this study is to discuss critically the contemporary evident on community governance</em><em> in Surakarta in line with the Indonesian Constitution of 1945, </em><em>the </em><em>Law </em><em>13/2011, and the Presidential Decree </em><em>166/2014</em><em> and that of </em><em>96/2015. </em><em>One case study of the religion-based association namely the Al Munawaroh Muslim of Surakarta has been examined with regard to the networks created by the community in delivering community governance. </em><em>By using ethnographic method, this research showed that the community had capacity to govern common problem despite its limited capacity; it has capacity to provide sustainable public service for the poor because its leaders, advisers and experienced members were together able to create social capital including internal networks among its members and external networks with other institutions horizontally and vertically. Conflict of some officials of the community was unavoidable because of different interests and preferences among them in managing the resource they belong, and some membersof the communitywere to be self-interest resulting in distrust among the majority of the members to them. Although the community had a capacity of governance by providing public service for the poor with food material and financial assistances, it was not a substitution but a complement for the state role in alleviating poverty. </em></p><strong><em>Key words</em></strong><em>: community governance, social capital, internal networks, horizontal networks, vertical networks.</em>


Author(s):  
Daniel Amsterdam

Rather than a sharp break from the liberal policies of the 1960s, the 1970s constituted a period of gradual transition to the following conservative decades. Under President Jimmy Carter, the federal government continued to actively engage with the problem of poverty. Carter embraced the new Public Service Employment program, which provided 750,000 jobs for the poor. This chapter suggests an alternative view of the War on Poverty’s end.


Author(s):  
Nina Eliasoph

This chapter describes the bewildering, over-stimulating form of empowerment projects' public events. In roughly similar words, all flyers for these events invite people to “celebrate our diverse, multicultural community.” Organizers would not specify what the celebrations were about, intentionally leaving it “open and undefined.” Nonetheless, anyone who attends a few of these events will know exactly what to expect: a jumble of nonprofit, activist, and government programs, making the celebration of “our multicultural community” seem like a public service announcement offering instruction in how to avoid the heartbreaks that disproportionately touch the poor and the ill. “Our diverse, multicultural community” thus becomes, in everyday usage, a way of avoiding a conversation about poverty, and simultaneously, of celebrating empowerment projects.


Comunicar ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maite Ribés-Alegría

Today, the process by which professionals select and consider the quality of programmes is very easy: they estimate the size of the audience and if a programme has a high audience, it means that it is good. This is a simple rule that makes that all the televisions offer low-quality contents. Many authors prove this fact in their studies and they complain about the poor quality of programmes that are broadcast in all channels. Moreover, they ask for the creation of an institution that regulates this situation because they consider that the action of the government and its regulations are not enough to guarantee the quality of television. Because of these reasons, this study expects to reflect the need to create an independent institution that regulates the operation of television to ensure and guarantee its quality and to keep it working as a public service. We would also like to show that a good solution is the creation of audiovisual councils. To prove it, this paper will first focus on the Catalonia Broadcasting Council and its functions and will then deal with the need of a state audiovisual council. La hipótesis que señaló Postman en 1985 en la que afirmaba que «la televisión reduce cualquier tipo de contenidos a un común denominador: la cultura del entretenimiento» parece haberse confirmado. Así, aquella televisión que nació como servicio público, es decir, que defendía la producción y emisión de una programación, integrada por programas diversificados en todo tipo de géneros, con el fin de atender las necesidades democráticas, sociales y culturales del conjunto de los ciudadanos, parece haber olvidado sus funciones reduciéndolas a la espectacularización y, por tanto, al entretenimiento. La televisión ha sufrido cambios importantes en su parrilla de programación. Así, se ha diluido la frontera entre el género informativo y el espectáculo, surgiendo nuevos géneros cuya clasificación se sitúa entre la información, el entretenimiento y el espectáculo, a los que Prado et al. (1999) han pasado a designar como subgéneros del Info-Show. Hoy en día subgéneros del info-show, tales como el periodismo satírico, el reality game, el periodismo de entretenimiento, etc. que se traducen en programas como «Gran Hermano», «La Casa de tu vida», «Crónicas Marcianas», «Homo Zapping», etc., son verdaderos fenómenos televisivos. ¿Representan este tipo de programas a todos los géneros? ¿Fomentan la cohesión social? ¿Responden a una televisión de calidad? A través de la presente comunicación se pretende constatar la inoperatividad del Estado ante esta cuestión y la necesidad de la creación de organismos independientes que promuevan, de forma no coercitiva, la autorregulación de los contenidos audiovisuales. Pensamos que este trabajo sólo puede ser desempeñado por los Consejos Audiovisuales, ya que únicamente una entidad independiente y plural puede adoptar decisiones socialmente legitimadas en materia de contenidos. Esta es una realidad que ya se empieza a dar en algunas Comunidades Autónomas (como Cataluña, Navarra o Madrid), pero que tiene pendiente su desarrollo en el ámbito estatal y en algunas zonas del territorio español como en la Comunidad Valenciana. Por todo ello, consideramos oportuno observar su trayectoria y descubrir sus principales funciones, en especial en el caso de Cataluña, donde opera el «Consell de l’Audiovisual de Catalunya (CAC)» desde el año 2000, examinando su grado de eficiencia en estos últimos años y su incidencia en la mejora de la calidad de la oferta televisiva.


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