Systemic intervention with families in disease process in addiction

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja Vilela dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Disease Process ◽  
Systemic Intervention

Ulcerogenic Tumors of the Pancreas

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 186-187
Author(s):  
J. C. Garancis ◽  
J. F. Kuzma ◽  
S. D. Wilson ◽  
E. H. Ellison
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Islet Cell ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Central Core ◽  
Islet Cell Tumors ◽  
Opaque Zone ◽  
Granular Form ◽  
Zollinger Ellison Syndrome

It has been proposed that a gastrin-like hormone elaborated by non-beta islet tumors of the pancreas may be responsible for a fulminating ulcer diathesis. Subsequently, a potent gastric secretagogue was isolated from ulcerogenic tumors of the pancreas. This disease process is known now as “Zollinger-Ellison syndrome”.In our studies of two cases of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, pancreatic lesions were identified as alpha islet cell tumors (Fig. 1). Tumor cells were fairly uniform. The sizes of the alpha granules were not significantly different, but their number and distribution varied greatly from one cell to another. Each granule consisted of a round, highly dense central core, separated from the limiting membrane by an opaque zone. The granular form of the endoplasmic reticulum was particularly prominent. Numerous mitochondria, round or elongated, were dispersed throughout the cytoplasm. Individual or clusters of lysosomes were observed in the majority of cells.

Electron microscopy analysis of degenerating pancreatic ß cells in transgenic mice expressing the MHC Class I antigen Dd

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
T. A. Stewart ◽  
D. Liggitt ◽  
S. Pitts ◽  
L. Martin ◽  
M. Siegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Type I ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Mhc Molecules ◽  
Endogenous Insulin ◽  
Class Ii Mhc ◽  
Ifn Γ

Insulin-dependant (Type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a metabolic disorder resulting from the lack of endogenous insulin secretion. The disease is thought to result from the autoimmune mediated destruction of the insulin producing ß cells within the islets of Langerhans. The disease process is probably triggered by environmental agents, e.g. virus or chemical toxins on a background of genetic susceptibility associated with particular alleles within the major histocompatiblity complex (MHC). The relation between IDDM and the MHC locus has been reinforced by the demonstration of both class I and class II MHC proteins on the surface of ß cells from newly diagnosed patients as well as mounting evidence that IDDM has an autoimmune pathogenesis. In 1984, a series of observations were used to advance a hypothesis, in which it was suggested that aberrant expression of class II MHC molecules, perhaps induced by gamma-interferon (IFN γ) could present self antigens and initiate an autoimmune disease. We have tested some aspects of this model and demonstrated that expression of IFN γ by pancreatic ß cells can initiate an inflammatory destruction of both the islets and pancreas and does lead to IDDM.

Auditory Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Krishnamurti
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Clinical Protocols ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Auditory Dysfunction

Alzheimer's disease is neurodegenerative disorder which affects a growing number of older adults every year. With an understanding of auditory dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease, the speech-language pathologist working in the health care setting can provide better service to these individuals. The pathophysiology of the disease process in Alzheimer's disease increases the likelihood of specific types of auditory deficits as opposed to others. This article will discuss the auditory deficits in Alzheimer's disease, their implications, and the value of clinical protocols for individuals with this disease.

Drug-Induced Movement Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Amy Lustig ◽  
Cesar Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Extrapyramidal Symptoms ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Broad Understanding ◽  
Underlying Disease Process

The purpose of this article is to present a general overview of the features of drug-induced movement disorders (DIMDs) comprised by Parkinsonism and extrapyramidal symptoms. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who work with patients presenting with these issues must have a broad understanding of the underlying disease process. This article will provide a brief introduction to the neuropathophysiology of DIMDs, a discussion of the associated symptomatology, the pharmacology implicated in causing DIMDs, and the medical management approaches currently in use.

The Concepts of Prevalence and Incidence as Applied to the Study of Development and Duration of Disease

1968 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kashgahian
Keyword(s):  
Mass Screening ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Disease States ◽  
History Of ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Process Methodology

The proper use of prevalence and incidence data can result in an effective way to study the history of the disease process. Methodology is given whereby the progression, duration and transition of diseases can be elucidated. Prevalence and incidence have been redefined and used in an unconventional way in view of new types of data which are being generated by mass screening projects for disease which are able to discover presymptomatic and preclinical disease states.

LIVING WITH HEPATITIS: THE EFFECT OF INFECTED SUBJECTS ON EVERYDAY LIFE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Life Change Events ◽  
Life Change ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Content Review

To identify changes in the everyday life of hepatitis subjects, we conducted a descriptive, exploratory, and qualitative analysis. Data from 12 hepatitis B and/or C patients were collected in October 2011 through a semi-structured interview and subjected to thematic content review. Most subjects have been diagnosed with hepatitis B. The diagnosis period ranged from less than 6 months to 12 years, and the diagnosis was made predominantly through the donation of blood. Interferon was used in only two patients. The findings were divided into two groups that define the interviewees' feelings and responses, as well as some lifestyle changes. It was concluded that the magnitude of phenomena about the disease process and life with hepatitis must be understood to health professionals. Keywords: Hepatitis; Nursing; Communicable diseases; Diagnosis; Life change events; Nursing care.

Early-Onset Preeclampsia with Pulmonary Edema and Massive Ascites: A Rare Presentation of Severe Preeclampsia or Concomitant Diagnoses?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth St. Laurent ◽  
Rebecca Fryer-Gordon ◽  
Tom McNeilis, ◽  
Leonard B. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Hellp Syndrome ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Massive Ascites ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Biophysical Profile ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Early Onset Preeclampsia ◽  
New Onset

Preeclampsia, eclampsia, and HELLP syndrome, are a continuum of a dangerous disease process that can occur in pregnancy. Preeclampsia is defined by new onset hypertension and proteinuria. In more severe cases, preeclampsia can be associated with pulmonary edema, oliguria, persistent headaches, and impaired liver function. These symptoms reveal maternal end organ damage which may result in danger to the fetus such as oligohydramnios, decreased fetal growth, and placental abruption. The defining difference between preeclampsia and eclampsia is the presence of new onset seizure activity. HELLP syndrome occurs when the mother experiences hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets. This syndrome is seen in about 0.6% of pregnancies. Each of these conditions (preeclampsia, eclampsia, and HELLP) increase both the fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality rates with the most definitive cure being delivery of child and placenta.A 28 year-old Caucasian, G1P0 female at 26w4d presented to OB triage on the recommendation of her physician due to elevated uric acid levels and a recorded blood pressure of 180/110. The patient reported rapid onset of weight gain, facial edema, diminished fetal movements, and frequent headaches. Although the patient denied labor symptoms, she complained of back pain and was admitted to the hospital at 26w4d for observation due to elevated blood pressures. The patient was diagnosed with preeclampsia with severe features. As her presentation progressed, the patient developed massive ascites and pulmonary edema along with decreasing platelet counts and increasing liver enzyme values. Due to decreasing biophysical profile (BPP) scores of the fetus and decompensating lab values of the mother, an emergency cesarean was performed for the safety of mother and baby.This case presentation demonstrates the progression of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with a rare and severe presentation of early-onset preeclampsia with severe features, pulmonary edema, and massive ascites that ultimately led to class III HELLP syndrome and extreme prematurity of the infant.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in never treated mood disordered patientss

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Valerie Taylor ◽  
Glenda M. MacQueen
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Bipolar disorder and major depression are life-shortening illnesses. Unnatural causes such as suicide and accidents account for only a portion of this premature mortality1 Research is beginning to identify that mood disordered patients have a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome, an illness characterized by dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension and obesity.2 Metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk for a variety of physical illnesses. Hypothesis: Never treated patients with mood disorders have preexisting elevations in the prevalence of the component variables of metabolic syndrome. Central obesity will be especially elevated, predicting increased premature mortality. Methods: We assessed never treated patients with mood disorders for metabolic syndrome and its component variables. Patients were assessed at baseline and followed up at 6-month intervals. All psychiatric pharmacotherapy was documented. Body mass index (BMI) was also obtained and the percentage of deaths attributable to overweight and obesity was calculated using the population attributable risk (PAR). [PAR= ∑[P (RR-1)/RR] Results: Prior to the initiation of treatment, patients did not differ from population norms with respect to metabolic syndrome or BMI. At 2-year follow-up, BMI had increased for unipolar patients 2.02 points and 1.92 points for bipolar patients. (p < .001) This increase in BMI predicted an increase in mortality of 19.4%. Conclusion: An increase in visceral obesity is often the first component of metabolic syndrome to appear and may indicate the initiation of this disease process prematurely in this group. The increase in BMI places patients with mood disorders at risk for premature mortality and indicates a need for early intervention. References 1.Osby U, Brandt L, Correia N, Ekbom A & Sparen P. Excess mortability in bipolar and Unipolar disorder rin Sweden. Archives of General Psychiatry, 2001;58: 844-850 2.Toalson P, Saeeduddin A, Hardy T & Kabinoff G. The metabolic syndrome in patients with severe mental illness. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2004; 6(4): 152-158

METHODOLOGY OF PLAYING ACTIVITY IN REHABILITATION PRACTICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2543-2548
Author(s):  
Petya Kasnakova
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Movement Skills ◽  
Movement Training ◽  
Motor Movement

The games play a special role in rehabilitation practice. The positive emotions they cause in patients cannot be achieved by other methods and means of modern rehabilitation. The role of game playing activity in practice is crucial to the achievement of one of the important tasks in implementing rehabilitation measures, namely to evacuate the patient from the depressed mental state, to distract him from the disease process and to focus on mobilizing his healing powers. The mood, the emotional charge and the dynamics that the games create are particularly suited to awakening the patient's interest in the healing process, their attraction and their active involvement in the rehabilitation activities. The connection between the actions in the game and the movements in the analytical exercises accelerates the formation of motor habits, physical qualities and skills not only in children but also in adult patients with various pathological injuries. Rehabilitation games are suitable for all ages by enhancing the health of the occupants, developing their mental qualities, improving the activity of the vestibular, visual and motor analyzers. The basis of the motor movement training game methodology and the improvement of motor movement skills is the activation of the thought processes and emotional experiences, the development of the functions of the musculoskeletal system, the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system.

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