scholarly journals High energy expenditure masks low physical activity in obesity

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 1006-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P DeLany ◽  
D E Kelley ◽  
K C Hames ◽  
J M Jakicic ◽  
B H Goodpaster
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
High Energy

scholarly journals Increasing Energy Flux to Maintain Diet-Induced Weight Loss

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Melby ◽  
Hunter L. Paris ◽  
R. Drew Sayer ◽  
Christopher Bell ◽  
James O. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Flux ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Daily Energy

Long-term maintenance of weight loss requires sustained energy balance at the reduced body weight. This could be attained by coupling low total daily energy intake (TDEI) with low total daily energy expenditure (TDEE; low energy flux), or by pairing high TDEI with high TDEE (high energy flux). Within an environment characterized by high energy dense food and a lack of need for movement, it may be particularly difficult for weight-reduced individuals to maintain energy balance in a low flux state. Most of these individuals will increase body mass due to an inability to sustain the necessary level of food restriction. This increase in TDEI may lead to the re-establishment of high energy flux at or near the original body weight. We propose that following weight loss, increasing physical activity can effectively re-establish a state of high energy flux without significant weight regain. Although the effect of extremely high levels of physical activity on TDEE may be constrained by compensatory reductions in non-activity energy expenditure, moderate increases following weight loss may elevate energy flux and encourage physiological adaptations favorable to weight loss maintenance, including better appetite regulation. It may be time to recognize that few individuals are able to re-establish energy balance at a lower body weight without permanent increases in physical activity. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for more research to better understand the role of energy flux in long-term weight maintenance.

Effects of increased energy intake and/or physical activity on energy expenditure in young healthy men

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 366-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Goran ◽  
J. Calles-Escandon ◽  
E. T. Poehlman ◽  
M. O'Connell ◽  
E. Danforth
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Flux ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Positive Energy Balance

This study was designed to examine effects of alterations in energy balance on adaptive changes in components of total energy expenditure (TEE). Nineteen young healthy males were studied during a 10-day sedentary energy balance baseline period and then randomly assigned to one of four 10-day treatment groups: 1) no change in energy intake (EI) or physical activity (PA; energy balance at low energy flux), 2) EI increased by 50% with no change in PA (positive energy balance), 3) TEE increased by 50% by increasing PA, matched by a 50% increase in EI (energy balance at high energy flux), and 4) TEE increased by 50% by increasing PA with no change in EI (negative energy balance). TEE was measured with doubly labeled water, resting metabolic rate (RMR) by indirect calorimetry, and thermic response to feeding (TEF) by indirect calorimetry; energy expenditure of physical activity (EEPA) was estimated by subtracting RMR, TEF, and prescribed PA from TEE. TEE was significantly increased by PA (by design) but not EI. There was a significant main effect of intake and a significant intake-by-activity interaction for changes in RMR. In post hoc analysis, RMR was significantly increased during positive energy balance and energy balance at high energy flux relative to change in RMR when energy balance was maintained at low energy flux. A significant increase in RMR was also noted during negative energy balance after adjustment for change in fat-free mass. There was no significant difference in change in RMR among the three treatment groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Energy Intake Requirements in Pregnancy

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasper Most ◽  
Sheila Dervis ◽  
Francois Haman ◽  
Kristi B Adamo ◽  
Leanne M Redman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
In Pregnancy

Energy intake requirements in pregnancy match the demands of resting metabolism, physical activity, and tissue growth. Energy balance in pregnancy is, therefore, defined as energy intake equal to energy expenditure plus energy storage. A detailed understanding of these components and their changes throughout gestation can inform energy intake recommendations for minimizing the risk of poor pregnancy outcomes. Energy expenditure is the sum of resting and physical activity-related expenditure. Resting metabolic rate increases during pregnancy as a result of increased body mass, pregnancy-associated physiological changes, i.e., cardiac output, and the growing fetus. Physical activity is extremely variable between women and may change over the course of pregnancy. The requirement for energy storage depends on maternal pregravid body size. For optimal pregnancy outcomes, women with low body weight require more fat mass accumulation than women with obesity, who do not require to accumulate fat mass at all. Given the high energy density of fat mass, these differences affect energy intake requirements for a healthy pregnancy greatly. In contrast, the energy stored in fetal and placental tissues is comparable between all women and have small impact on energy requirements. Different prediction equations have been developed to quantify energy intake requirements and we provide a brief review of the strengths and weaknesses and discuss their application for healthy management of weight gain in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Gasto energético de la electroestimulación integral: una comparación con otras actividades físicas, métodos y dispositivos de entrenamiento / Energy expenditure of the whole body electromyostimulation: A comparison which other physics activities, methods and training devices

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel De La Cámara
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
High Energy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Personal Training ◽  
And Training ◽  
Similar Intensity

ABSTRACTStudies of personal training with integrated electro-stimulation or whole body devices, known in scientific literature as a Whole Body Electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) have multiplied in Spain and Central Europe. WB-EMS centers pose a series of benefits for the use or training with this type of device. One of the benefits promoted is a high-energy expenditure compared to other types of physical activity. In some cases one gets to match 20 minutes from WB-EMS with 3 or 4 hours of intense exercise. A literature review was conducted in order to make a comparison between the energy costs generated by a session of WB-EMS and other activities, methods or training devices. The results show that, at similar intensity, a session of WB-EMS as described in the baseline study, not presents be superior to other activities, methods or training devices. This publicity can change the type or frequency of activities of some users, who motivated by the advertised benefit, could leave or reduce them, with the consequent risk of not to accumulate the minimum of physical activity recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine or the World Health Organization.RESUMENEn España y Centroeuropa se han multiplicado los estudios de entrenamiento personal que cuentan con los dispositivos de electroestimulación integral o de cuerpo entero, conocido en la literatura científica como Whole Body Electromyostimulation (WB-EMS). Los centros de WB-EMS suscitan una serie de beneficios por el uso o entrenamiento con este tipo de dispositivo. Uno de los beneficios promovidos es un elevado gasto energético comparado con otro tipo de actividades físicas. En algunos casos se llega a equiparar 20 minutos de WB-EMS con 3 o 4 horas de ejercicio intenso. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el fin de elaborar  una comparativa entre el gasto energético generado por una sesión de WB-EMS y otras actividades, métodos o dispositivos de entrenamiento. Los resultados muestran que, a similar intensidad, una sesión de electroestimulación integral como la descrita en el estudio de referencia, no presenta ser superior a otras actividades, métodos o dispositivos de entrenamiento. Esta publicidad puede llegar a cambiar el tipo o la frecuencia de actividades de algunos usuarios, quienes motivados por el beneficio publicitado, podrían abandonarlas o reducirlas, con el consiguiente riesgo de no acumular los mínimos de actividad física recomendados por el American College of Sports Medicine  o la Organización Mundial de la Salud.

Energy expenditure and physical activity in patients with anorexia nervosa

2013 ◽  
Vol 121 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
U Elbelt ◽  
V Haas ◽  
T Hofmann ◽  
S Jeran ◽  
H Pietz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Energy Expenditure

The Effect of Sensor Placement and Number on Physical Activity Recognition and Energy Expenditure Estimation (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Davoudi ◽  
Mamoun T. Mardini ◽  
Dave Nelson ◽  
Fahd Albinali ◽  
Sanjay Ranka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Recognition ◽  
Recognition Accuracy ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Computer Work ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Lifestyle Activities

BACKGROUND Research shows the feasibility of human activity recognition using Wearable accelerometer devices. Different studies have used varying number and placement for data collection using the sensors. OBJECTIVE To compare accuracy performance between multiple and variable placement of accelerometer devices in categorizing the type of physical activity and corresponding energy expenditure in older adults. METHODS Participants (n=93, 72.2±7.1 yrs) completed a total of 32 activities of daily life in a laboratory setting. Activities were classified as sedentary vs. non-sedentary, locomotion vs. non-locomotion, and lifestyle vs. non-lifestyle activities (e.g. leisure walk vs. computer work). A portable metabolic unit was worn during each activity to measure metabolic equivalents (METs). Accelerometers were placed on five different body positions: wrist, hip, ankle, upper arm, and thigh. Accelerometer data from each body position and combinations of positions were used in developing Random Forest models to assess activity category recognition accuracy and MET estimation. RESULTS Model performance for both MET estimation and activity category recognition strengthened with additional accelerometer devices. However, a single accelerometer on the ankle, upper arm, hip, thigh, or wrist had only a 0.03 to 0.09 MET increase in prediction error as compared to wearing all five devices. Balanced accuracy showed similar trends with slight decreases in balanced accuracy for detection of locomotion (0-0.01 METs), sedentary (0.13-0.05 METs) and lifestyle activities (0.08-0.04 METs) compared to all five placements. The accuracy of recognizing activity categories increased with additional placements (0.15-0.29). Notably, the hip was the best single body position for MET estimation and activity category recognition. CONCLUSIONS Additional accelerometer devices only slightly enhance activity recognition accuracy and MET estimation in older adults. However, given the extra burden of wearing additional devices, single accelerometers with appropriate placement appear to be sufficient for estimating energy expenditure and activity category recognition in older adults.

scholarly journals Estimating Physical Activity Energy Expenditure Using an Ensemble Model-Based Patch-Type Sensor Module

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 861
Author(s):  
Kyeung Ho Kang ◽  
Mingu Kang ◽  
Siho Shin ◽  
Jaehyo Jung ◽  
Meina Li
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Ensemble Model ◽  
Direct Calorimetry ◽  
Patch Type ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Squared Error ◽  
Sensor Module

Chronic diseases, such as coronary artery disease and diabetes, are caused by inadequate physical activity and are the leading cause of increasing mortality and morbidity rates. Direct calorimetry by calorie production and indirect calorimetry by energy expenditure (EE) has been regarded as the best method for estimating the physical activity and EE. However, this method is inconvenient, owing to the use of an oxygen respiration measurement mask. In this study, we propose a model that estimates physical activity EE using an ensemble model that combines artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms using the data acquired from patch-type sensors. The proposed ensemble model achieved an accuracy of more than 92% (Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) = 0.1893, R2 = 0.91, Mean Squared Error (MSE) = 0.014213, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) = 0.14020) by testing various structures through repeated experiments.

scholarly journals Body Mass, Physical Activity and Eating Habits Changes during the First COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5682
Author(s):  
Hubert Dobrowolski ◽  
Dariusz Włodarek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic caused a number of changes in social life around the world. In response to the growing number of infections, some countries have introduced restrictions that may have resulted in the change of the lifestyle. The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of the lockdown on body weight, physical activity and some eating habits of the society. The survey involving 183 people was conducted using a proprietary questionnaire. The mean age of the study participants was 33 ± 11 and mean height 169 ± 8 cm. An average increase in body weight was observed in 49.18% by 0.63 ± 3.7 kg which was the result of a decrease in physical activity and an increase in food consumption. We also observed a decrease in PAL from 1.64 ± 0.15 to 1.58 ± 0.13 and changes in the amount of food and individual groups of products consumption, including alcohol. Among the study participants who did not lose body mass, there was an average weight gain of 2.25 ± 2.5 kg. In conclusion, an increase of weight was shown in about half of the respondents in the study group which was associated with a decrease in physical activity and an increase in the consumption of total food and high energy density products.

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