scholarly journals Solar and wind energy enhances drought resilience and groundwater sustainability

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaogang He ◽  
Kairui Feng ◽  
Xiaoyuan Li ◽  
Amy B. Craft ◽  
Yoshihide Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Groundwater Sustainability ◽  
Drought Resilience ◽  
Trade Offs

Abstract Water scarcity brings tremendous challenges to achieving sustainable development of water resources, food, and energy security, as these sectors are often in competition, especially during drought. Overcoming these challenges requires balancing trade-offs between sectors and improving resilience to drought impacts. An under-appreciated factor in managing the water-food-energy (WFE) nexus is the increased value of solar and wind energy (SWE). Here we develop a trade-off frontier framework to quantify the water sustainability value of SWE through a case study in California. We identify development pathways that optimize the economic value of water in competition for energy and food production while ensuring sustainable use of groundwater. Our results indicate that in the long term, SWE penetration creates beneficial feedback for the WFE nexus: SWE enhances drought resilience and benefits groundwater sustainability, and in turn, maintaining groundwater at a sustainable level increases the added value of SWE to energy and food production.

scholarly journals How Do Trade-Offs and Synergies between Ecosystem Services Change in the Long Period? The Case Study of Uxin, Inner Mongolia, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 6041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang ◽  
Li ◽  
Buyantuev ◽  
Bao ◽  
Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
Long Term Trends

Ecosystem services management should often expect to deal with non-linearities due to trade-offs and synergies between ecosystem services (ES). Therefore, it is important to analyze long-term trends in ES development and utilization to understand their responses to climate change and intensification of human activities. In this paper, the region of Uxin in Inner Mongolia, China, was chosen as a case study area to describe the spatial distribution and trends of 5 ES indicators. Changes in relationships between ES and driving forces of dynamics of ES relationships were analyzed for the period 1979–2016 using a stepwise regression. We found that: the magnitude and directions in ES relationships changed during this extended period; those changes are influenced by climate factors, land use change, technological progress, and population growth.

scholarly journals The Potential Role of Agro-Forestry in Honey Production-A Case Study of Federal College of Forestry, Oyo State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1877-1880
Author(s):  
PJ Adekola ◽  
OD Ayeni ◽  
T Oluwalana ◽  
OA Majekodunmi ◽  
AR Aduloju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Agro Forestry

The major concern globally is the need to ensure health, economy, large food production, sustainable management of the environment and the renewable natural resources. Such concern has advance measure part of which generate up to date information necessary for long term exploitation of this resources. But this information itself requires planning as well as machinery for its management in Nigeria. However agro-apiculture/agro-forestry is still nonexistence. This is attributable partly to lack of understanding, information and awareness regarding agro-apiculture practice in forest plantation. And therefore, to create this awareness and draw of authority concerned-Governments, policy maker, town planning and municipal authority to the need for the incorporation of apiculture into agro-forestry for sustainable management. This fact therefore, justifies the growing interest in the apiculture with agro forestry. This paper focuses on the potential role of agro forestry in honey production in federal college of forestry since 1999 to 2016 and its associated environmental problems are highlighted while the potential of agro forestry in honey production are stressed. Keywords: Honey production, Agro-forestry, Constraints and Endowment

scholarly journals An Economic Instrument to Address Beach Wrack

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Jan Stenis ◽  
Varvara Sachpazidou ◽  
William Hogland
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Marine Biomass ◽  
Unpleasant Odor ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
Economic Instrument

ObjectivesThis article introduces a practical, economic instrument based on the Naturally Optimised Revenue Demand in Communities, the NORDIC model, to improve the management of beach wrack. Tourism is an important sector in a country’s or region’s economy, as it generates employment and business opportunities. Verifiably, sandy shorelines have served as areas for amusement and as attractions upon which tourism advancement has been based. The accumulations of beach wrack result in a significant decrease in the recreational value of a coastal area. The decomposition of beach wrack emits an unpleasant odor, as it releases essential nitrate, phosphate and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). In this investigation, we provide coastal communities with a powerful tool to address the harmful damage inflicted on their beaches, by marine biomass mounds.MethodsWe adapted the NORDIC model and used a case study to illustrate how the adapted NORDIC model could alleviate the municipalities’ burden, caused by beach wrack.ResultsThe application of a versatile tool, the NORDIC model, by various managers in manage and promote a sustainable use of beach wrack would boost the tourism industry in coastal areas.ConclusionsWe recommend the application of the NORDIC model to beach wrack management in general, and in particular to the tourism sector, to enhance the economic value of attractive shores. Future research should focus on developing additional algorithms for valuation of specific kinds of beach wrack.

scholarly journals Towards Financial Valuation in Data-Driven Companies

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
M. Eugenia Pérez-Pons ◽  
Alfonso González-Briones ◽  
Juan M. Corchado
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Financial Valuation ◽  
External Data ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Company

The following work presents a methodology of determining the economic value of the data owned by a company in a given time period. The ability to determine the value of data at any point of its lifecycle, would make it possible to study the added value that data gives to a company in the long term. Not only external data should be considered but also the impact that the internal data can have on company revenues. The project focuses on data-driven companies, which are different to the data-oriented ones, as explained below. Since some studies affirm that data-driven companies are more profitable, the indirect costs of using those data must be allocated somewhere to understand their financial value14 and to present a possible alternative for measuring the financial impact of data on the revenue of companies.

scholarly journals Numerical analysis of geogrid contribution to railway track reinforcement

2018 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 12006
Author(s):  
António Lanca ◽  
Zuzana Dimitrovová ◽  
Madalena Barroso ◽  
Simona Fontul
Keyword(s):  
Added Value ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Vertical Displacements ◽  
Downward Propagation ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Lateral Deformations

In this work, influence of geogrids on overall stabilization of railway tracks is studied numerically. It is expected that by geogrids implementation significant reduction in the downward propagation of stresses will be obtained, which consequently should assure more resilient long-term performance. In this first approach, however, only added value to the confinement level of the ballast layer is analysed, by evaluation of lateral deformations. A case study is related to a part of the Portuguese railway network. The track and the passing vehicle are modelled in commercial explicit dynamics software LS-DYNA. Firstly, the model is validated by comparison with experimental data. Then a fictitious scenario of the same track with a deteriorated region which is further rehabilitated by the geogrid placement is analysed. Different situations are compared in terms of lateral and vertical displacements at several levels, but for simplicity only rail deflections are shown here.

The Value and Valuation of Maritime Cultural Heritage

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Claesson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Social ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Conservation Projects ◽  
Support Resource

AbstractMaritime cultural heritage is made up of finite and nonrenewable cultural resources including coastal or submerged prehistoric and indigenous archaeological sites and landscapes, historic waterfront structures, the remnants of seagoing vessels, and the maritime traditions and lifeways of the past and present. To date, evaluative tools used to assess the social and economic “value” of this heritage are extremely limited, the lack of which often results in the loss of maritime cultural resources and unrealized socioeconomic opportunities. Market and nonmarket valuations, derived from ecological economics and ecosystem assessments, are viable techniques that may be integrated into existing U.S. environmental and historic preservation regulatory procedures to support resource significance determinations. In doing so, decision-making regarding maritime cultural heritage can include assessments of the short- and long-term trade-offs of human actions, and can examine the socioeconomic costs and benefits of heritage conservation projects.

Femtocells for Public Safety Communications

2012 ◽  
pp. 215-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Mutafungwa ◽  
Zhong Zheng ◽  
Jyri Hämäläinen ◽  
Mika Husso ◽  
Matti Laitila
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Underlying Network ◽  
Stringent Quality ◽  
Public Safety Communications

The increased adoption of rich multimedia solutions in public safety communications is enhancing information sharing for improved situational awareness as well as boosting operational efficiency. However, the aforementioned benefits also place increasingly stringent quality-of-service demands on the underlying network infrastructure. In this chapter, the authors review the added value of utilizing femtocells for various public safety communications scenarios. To that end, a detailed case study on the exploitation of femtocellular resources for emergency telemedicine applications is presented as an illustrative example. Simulations carried out for an Long Term Evolution (LTE) network environment demonstrate significant improvements in terms of achievable throughput for the emergency response personnel when access to subscriber-owned residential LTE Home eNode Bs available in the indoor emergency sites is allowed, compared to the conventional option of accessing only operator-owned macro eNode Bs.

Past and Future Management of Lower Danube Wetlands System: A Bioeconomic Appraisal

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angheluta Vadineanu ◽  
Mihai Adamescu ◽  
Radu Vadineanu ◽  
Sergiu Cristofor ◽  
Costel Negrei
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
River Catchments ◽  
North Western

The Lower Danube Wetlands System has been and remains one of the largest and most diverse wetlands formations in Europe. It extends over ten thousands square kilometers along the lower Danube river stretch of 840 kilometers long. In the last century several types of management were applied at the LDWS and river catchments and a wide range of structural and functional effects occurred in time. The management system promoted between 1950s and late 1980s was designed according to the principles of neoclassical economic theory. The objectives of this paper are: i) the implementation of holistic approach and management for identifying the past and future drivers, pressures and impacts upon LDWS; ii) use of the methods of biological economics for the assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of past and future strategies and management of the LDWS and iii) identification of the overall goal and targets for future holistic bioeconomic management of the local (IBr), micro-regional (LDWS) and regional (LDC and North-Western Black Sea) biological complexes. As the reference state for LDWS we have adopted that of the beginning of 1960s when no major structural and functional changes had occurred. Increase in demands for more agricultural land and food production, hydropower or for waterway transport as well as for urbanization and industrial use at the Danube river catchments have resulted in significant changes. These together with a set of main actions consisting in: extensive conversion of wetlands into agroecosystems; intensification of auxiliary energy and material inputs into food production systems; point and diffuse pollution; hydrotechnical works and overexploitation of natural resources have been identified as drivers and pressures responsible for a wide range of structural and functional changes which have occurred in the last four decades in the LDWS and North-Western Black Sea. All sets of local and regional impacts are described and viewed as major threats for natural capital and long-term socioeconomic development. The crude estimation of total economic value of the remained wetlands (SIBr) and established polders in the IBr biological complex, allowed a better assessment of the short term and sectoral advantages against long term and holistic disadvantages. The achievements of such analysis described in section 4 clearly suggest the multifunctional role and economic value of self-maintaining wetlands ecosystems compared with monofunctional role and economic value of the human-dependent agroecosystems. It is determined that the economic inefficiency of the former applied mono-functional policy and management at the IBr wetlands system consists on the one hand in the huge cost of wetlands transformation (more than one billion USD) and additional cost for intensive production of crops, which accounted for at least 90 million USD per year (20 per cent higher than the crops market price of 70 million USD per year) and on the other hand in the monetary loss (173 million USD per year) due to cutting off three valuable ecosystem functions by implementing mono-functional farming system. Bearing in mind the difference between the reference and current states of LDWS and the respective economic consequences as well as the long-term objectives of the new established policy in the region, which deals, with: a) biodiversity conservation; b) 40 per cent reduction of the potential nutrient discharges into Black Sea by 2010 and c) sustainable development, we are proposing an operational plan for a holistic bioeconomic management of these wetlands. This plan is, based on the reconstruction of 1500 square kilometers of wetlands in the LDWS and implementing multifunctional farming in LDC and remaining polders in the LDWS. We have also estimated the potential impacts of wetlands reconstruction of LDWS’s functions and its total bioeconomic value.

Challenges of Capacity Building in Multisector Community Health Alliances

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 645-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Alexander ◽  
Jon B. Christianson ◽  
Larry R. Hearld ◽  
Robert Hurley ◽  
Dennis P. Scanlon
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
The United States ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Stakeholder Interests ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Challenges

Capacity building is often described as fundamental to the success of health alliances, yet there are few evaluations that provide alliances with clear guidance on the challenges related to capacity building. This article attempts to identify potential challenges of capacity building in multistakeholder health alliances. The study uses a multiple case study design to identify potential challenges and trade-offs associated with capacity building in four community health alliances in the United States. Multiple challenges were found to be common across the four alliances, including specifying appropriate governance structures and decision-making frameworks, aligning stakeholder interests with the vision of the alliance, balancing short-term objectives with long-term goals, and securing resources to sustain the effort without compromising it. These challenges often involved trade-offs and choices that alliances need to prepare for if they are to approach capacity building in a planful rather than a reactive manner.

scholarly journals Community Social Empowerment in Zakat Community Development (ZCD)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 460-470
Author(s):  
Sri Fadilah ◽  
Mey Maemunah ◽  
Nopi Hernawati
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Group Activities ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Building Activities ◽  
Social Empowerment ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Development Group

A large portion of the zakat utilization program is something needed in order to have long-term benefits of zakat and to increase the socio-economic value of zakat funds, one of which is the community's social empowerment program. BAZNAS (the National Zakat Amil Agency) of West Java, which has an intermediary function, conducts the Zakat Community Development (ZCD) program to empower the community. This study aims to determine the profile of social empowerment in the ZCD program. The research method applied is a case study and descriptive approach with data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results show that the effectiveness of zakat utilization can be increased through community social empowerment programs that are carried out in stages, namely the stage of mental development, group activities, and capacity building activities. Such a method aims to divide the empowerment process and identify competencies and community development.

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