scholarly journals Simulation studies on the boot shape injection of a giant magnetostrictive injector

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangming Xue ◽  
Jitao Ge ◽  
Peng Ning ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Ke Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Driving Voltage ◽  
Giant Magnetostrictive Material ◽  
Injection Quantity ◽  
Voltage Wave ◽  
Large Injection ◽  
Magnetostrictive Actuator ◽  
Output Characteristics

AbstractGiant magnetostrictive injector using giant magnetostrictive material acting an electronic controlled injector may be one new promising injector to acquire adjustable injection rates while maintaining large injection quantity. An electronic controlled injector driven by a giant magnetostrictive actuator was designed through combining the driving requirement and output characteristics of the material. To promote responding speed of the coil current, the driving voltage with open-hold-fall type waveform was employed just like using in an electromagnetic injector. Simulation model for the injection characteristic of the injector was established using AMEsim software and verified using experimental results collected by the single injection meter. From simulation and experimental results, designed giant magnetostrictive injector showed good performances as maximum spray rate of 4.5 L/min and minimum spray pulse width of 0.21 ms, and realized the boot shape injection when generated by the designed voltage wave. Furthermore, duration time and amplitude of the pilot spray part in a boot shape injection were respectively adjusted through changing the dwell time and opening time. The boot shape injection reached by the giant magnetostrictive injector can reach quite accurate control of fuel injection and then promote fuel efficiency effectively.

Structure design and driving voltage optimization of a novel giant magnetostrictive actuator

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
pp. 1750022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangming Xue ◽  
Peilin Zhang ◽  
Zhongbo He ◽  
Dongwei Li ◽  
Canwei Cai
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Driving Voltage ◽  
Bias Magnetic Field ◽  
Zero Bias ◽  
Voltage Wave ◽  
Magnetostrictive Actuator

Typical giant magnetostrictive actuator (GMA) cannot meet the requirement of driving a high-speed on–off valve for limitation in bias magnetic field exerted on giant magnetostrictive material. To solve this problem, a novel GMA is designed with zero bias magnetic field. Furthermore, to satisfy the requirement of the displacement direction, a “T” type transfer rod is joined to convert material’s elongating into actuator’s shortening. Simultaneously, long responding time of the actuator, especially the rising time of coil current, is also considered in this paper. The transient-state current is modeled based on the equivalent circuit considering parallel resistance of the coil, and from computed result, high opening voltage can be taken to promote responding speed of the actuator, and then an optimized driving voltage wave is presented. At last, with the help of an experimental system, the current model is verified and the driving effect of optimized voltage wave is tested and analyzed.

Study on Giant Magnetostrictive Material with Design and Simulation of Displacement Magnifying Mechanism

2013 ◽  
Vol 675 ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Zeng ◽  
Jing Jun Lou ◽  
Shi Jian Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Vibration Modes ◽  
Magnetostrictive Material ◽  
Output Displacement ◽  
Harmonic Response ◽  
Giant Magnetostrictive Material ◽  
Statics And Dynamics ◽  
Magnetostrictive Actuator ◽  
Output Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

In order to make full use of advantages of giant magnetostrictive material and to improve output characteristics of giant magnetostrictive actuator, displacement magnifying mechanism is designed based on flexible hinges. The design parameter of the flexible hinges and strength of material of flexible hinges are calculated. Based on the analysis and comparison, the statics and dynamics analysis was carried on by analytic method and ANSYS12.1 software,the input stiffness, magnifying multiple and the relationship between output displacement and load are calculated,and the stress analysis shows that the maximum stress of magnifying mechanism is less than the maximum allowable stress of materials. The resonance frequency,vibration modes and harmonic response of the mechanism were resulted by Finite element method, and the dynamics parameters of system are get.

scholarly journals Effect of Methanol/Water Mixed Fuel Compound Injection on Engine Combustion and Emissions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4491
Author(s):  
Changchun Xu ◽  
Haengmuk Cho
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Combustion Mechanism ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Concentration Ratios

Due to the recent global increase in fuel prices, to reduce emissions from ground transportation and improve urban air quality, it is necessary to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. Water, methanol, and a mixture of the two were added at the pre-intercooler position to keep the same charge and cooling of the original rich mixture, reduce BSFC and increase ITE, and promote combustion. The methanol/water mixing volume ratios of different fuel injection strategies were compared to find the best balance between fuel consumption, performance, and emission trends. By simulating the combustion mechanism of methanol, water, and diesel mixed through the Chemkin system, the ignition delay, temperature change, and the generation rate of the hydroxyl group (−OH) in the reaction process were analyzed. Furthermore, the performance and emission of the engine were analyzed in combination with the actual experiment process. This paper studied the application of different concentration ratios of the water–methanol–diesel mixture in engines. Five concentration ratios of water–methanol blending were injected into the engine at different injection ratios at the pre-intercooler position, such as 100% methanol, 90% methanol/10% water, 60% methanol/40% water, 30% methanol/70% water, 100% water was used. With different volume ratios of premixes, the combustion rate and combustion efficiency were affected by droplet extinguishment, flashing, or explosion, resulting in changes in combustion temperature and affecting engine performance and emissions. In this article, the injection carryout at the pre-intercooler position of the intake port indicated thermal efficiency increase and a brake specific fuel consumption rate decrease with the increase of water–methanol concentration, and reduce CO, UHC, and nitrogen oxide emissions. In particular, when 60% methanol and 40% water were added, it was found that the ignition delay was the shortest and the cylinder pressure was the largest, but the heat release rate was indeed the lowest.

Fuel Efficiency – Challenges and Innovations in Emulsified Fuel Technology

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Ng ◽  
Kaisa Honkanen
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Secondary Atomization ◽  
Emulsified Fuel ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Initial Fuel ◽  
Fuel Technology

Emulsified fuel technology has been developed since the early 1980’s to the improve combustion efficiency of marine diesel engines by creating a secondary atomization effect after the initial fuel injection. The main challenge is to measure the improved sfoc of ships accurately and reliably. This paper presents a proposed method to measure the sfoc accurately and reliably to the order of 1%. Electronic governor also poses new challenge to measuring the sfoc of ships burning emulsified fuel. Meanwhile, fuel types supplied to ship owners are of increased varying properties although still complying to ISO8217 standard. This paper describes the innovations in emulsified fuel technology that were developed to meet these challenges.

Effect of Fuel Injection Strategy on DPF Regeneration in Single Cylinder Diesel Engine

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungjun Yoon ◽  
Hongsuk Kim ◽  
Daesik Kim ◽  
Sungwook Park
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Injection Strategy ◽  
Dpf Regeneration ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

Stringent emission regulations (e.g., Euro-6) force automotive manufacturers to equip DPF (diesel particulate filter) on diesel cars. Generally, post injection is used as a method to regenerate DPF. However, it is known that post injection deteriorates specific fuel consumption and causes oil dilution for some operating conditions. Thus, an injection strategy for regeneration becomes one of key technologies for diesel powertrain equipped with a DPF. This paper presents correlations between fuel injection strategy and exhaust gas temperature for DPF regeneration. Experimental apparatus consists of a single cylinder diesel engine, a DC dynamometer, an emission test bench, and an engine control system. In the present study, post injection timing covers from 40 deg aTDC to 110 deg aTDC and double post injection was considered. In addition, effects of injection pressures were investigated. The engine load was varied from low-load to mid-load and fuel amount of post injection was increased up to 10mg/stk. Oil dilution during fuel injection and combustion processes were estimated by diesel loss measured by comparing two global equivalences ratios; one is measured from Lambda sensor installed at exhaust port, the other one is estimated from intake air mass and injected fuel mass. In the present study, the differences in global equivalence ratios were mainly caused from oil dilution during post injection. The experimental results of the present study suggest an optimal engine operating conditions including fuel injection strategy to get appropriate exhaust gas temperature for DPF regeneration. Experimental results of exhaust gas temperature distributions for various engine operating conditions were summarized. In addition, it was revealed that amounts of oil dilution were reduced by splitting post injection (i.e., double post injection). Effects of injection pressure on exhaust gas temperature were dependent on combustion phasing and injection strategies.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Coupled Analysis of a Micro Piezo-Driven Focusing Mechanism

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Li ◽  
Kang Liang ◽  
Wei Zhong ◽  
Jiwen Fang ◽  
Lining Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Coupled Analysis ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Driving Voltage ◽  
Matlab Simulation ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Output Force ◽  
Drive Theory ◽  
Output Characteristics

In order to improve the response speed and output force of the camera focusing mechanism, the authors proposed a novelty micro focusing mechanism based on piezoelectric driving, which has the characteristics of rapid response, high precision positioning and large displacement focusing. In this paper, the operating principle of the proposed focusing mechanism is presented. Using the piezoelectric output characteristic, the movable tooth drive theory and the screw drive theory, the electromechanical coupling mechanical model and equations of the piezoelectric focusing mechanism are established. Through MATLAB simulation, the output characteristics of the piezoelectric focusing mechanism are calculated. The results indicate that the maximum thrust force of the lens and the maximum output torque of the movable tooth drive for the piezoelectric focusing mechanism are 562.5 N and 1.16 Nm, respectively. Furthermore, the driving voltage directly affects the output performance of the piezoelectric focusing mechanism. These results can be utilized both to optimize the dimensions and improve the overall performance of the piezo-driven focusing mechanism.

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