scholarly journals Faster life history strategy manifests itself by lower age at menarche, higher sexual desire, and earlier reproduction in people with worse health

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateřina Sýkorová ◽  
Jaroslav Flegr
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Life Strategy ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Ultimate Cause

AbstractFactors which indicate lower life expectancy also induce switching to a faster life strategy, that is, a higher investment in current reproduction at the expense of future reproduction and body maintenance. We tested a hypothesis according to which impairment of individual health serves as a signal for switching to a faster life strategy using online-gathered data from 32,911 subjects. Worse health was associated with lower age at menarche and earlier initiation of sexual life in women and higher sexual desire and earlier reproduction in both sexes. Individuals with worse health also exhibited lower sexual activity, lower number of sexual partners, and lower total number of children. These results suggest that impaired health shifts individuals towards a faster life strategy but also has a negative (physiological) effect on behaviours related to sexual life. Signs of a faster life strategy were also found in Rh-negative men in good health, indicating that even just genetic predisposition to worse health could serve as a signal for switching to a faster life strategy. We suggest that improved public health in developed countries and the resulting shift to a slower life strategy could be the ultimate cause of the phenomenon of demographic transition.

scholarly journals Faster life history strategy manifests itself by lower age at menarche, higher sexual desire, and earlier reproduction in people with worse health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateřina Sýkorová ◽  
Jaroslav Flegr
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Life Strategy ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Ultimate Cause

Factors which indicate lower life expectancy also induce switching to a faster life strategy, that is, higher investment in current reproduction at the expense of future reproduction and body maintenance. We tested a hypothesis according to which impairment of individual health serves as a signal for switching to a faster life strategy using online-gathered data from 32,852 subjects. Worse health was associated with lower age at menarche and earlier initiation of sexual life in women and higher sexual desire and earlier reproduction in both sexes. Individuals with worse health also exhibited lower sexual activity, lower number of sexual partners, and a lower total number of children. These results suggest that impaired health shifts individuals towards a faster life strategy but also has a negative (physiological) effect on behaviours related to sexual life. Signs of a faster life strategy were also found in Rh-negative men in good health, indicating that even just genetic predisposition for worse health could serve as a signal for switching to a faster life strategy. We suggest that improved public health in developed countries and the resulting shift to a slower life strategy could be the ultimate cause of the phenomenon of demographic transition.

scholarly journals Redheaded women are more sexually active than other women, but it is probably due to their suitors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateřina Sýkorová ◽  
Vojtěch Fiala ◽  
Jana Hlaváčová ◽  
Šárka Kaňková ◽  
Jaroslav Flegr
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Hair Colour ◽  
Red Hair ◽  
Using Data

Women with red hair colour, i.e., 1–9% of female Europeans, tend to be the subject of various stereotypes about their sexually liberated behaviour. The aim of the present case-control study was to explore whether a connection between red hair colour and sexual behaviour really exists using data from 110 women (34% redheaded) and 93 men (22% redheaded). Redheadedness in women, but not in men, correlated with various traits related to sexual life, namely with higher sexual desire as measured by Revised Sociosexual Orientation Inventory, with higher sexual activity and more sexual partners of the preferred gender over the past year, earlier initiation of sexual life, and higher sexual submissiveness. Structural equation modelling, however, showed that sexual desire of redheaded women meditated neither their higher sexual activity nor most of the variability of having more sexual partners. These results indicate that the apparently more liberated sexual behaviour in redheaded women could be the consequence of frequent attempts of potential mates to have sex with redheaded women. Other hypotheses, based on different physiology, faster life history strategy, or altered self-perception of red-haired women induced by stereotypes about them, were also tested and discussed.

Association between reproductive factors and postmenopausal osteoporosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 248-251
Author(s):  
H. R. Meybodi ◽  
N. Khalili ◽  
P. Khashayar ◽  
R. Heshmat ◽  
A. Hossein-nezhad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Reproductive Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Menstrual History ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

SummaryThe present cross-sectional research was designed to study possible correlations between clinical reproductive factors and bone mineral density (BMD) values.Using the data gathered by the population-based Iranian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study (IMOS), we investigated the correlation found between reproductive factors and osteoporosis. Subjects were recruited from five major cities of Iran. Bone mineral density was measured using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry and the results were analyzed against the age at menarche and at menopause, number of pregnancies, children and abortions, and the history (and duration) of breastfeeding.Data was available for 2528 women. Gravidity and number of children were reversely correlated with BMD. Younger age at menarche was associated with higher BMD values, whereas there was no significant correlation between age at menopause and menstrual history and BMD.Our study suggests that clinical reproductive factors, particularly number of children and breastfeeding, could be incorporated as predictors of BMD levels in women. Given the controversial results obtained in different studies, longitudinal studies should be carried out to enlighten the importance of these factors and the rationale of their use to predict BMD values in different settings.

scholarly journals Human Rights in the Least Developed Countries of Asia: An Index for Quantifying Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Wellbeing)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4747
Author(s):  
Karen G. Añaños Bedriñana ◽  
José Antonio Rodríguez Martín ◽  
Fanny T. Añaños
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to measure disparities among the variables associated with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 defined by the United Nations (UN) in the least developed countries (LDCs) of Asia. In the terms of the UN Conference on Trade and Development, LDCs are countries with profound economic and social inequalities. The indicator was constructed using a set of variables associated with SDG3: Good Health and Wellbeing. Applying Pena’s DP2 distance method to the most recent data available (2018) enables regional ordering of Asia’s LDCs based on the values of these variables. The index integrates socioeconomic variables that permit examination of the impact of each individual indicator to determine territorial disparities in terms of the partial indicators of SDG3. “Maternal education,” “Proportion of women who make their own informed decisions regarding sexual relations, contraceptive use, and reproductive health care,” and “Gender parity index in primary education” are the most important variables in explaining spatial disparities in good health and wellbeing in the LDCs of Asia.

Injuries in Swedish Day-Care Centers

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1033-1036
Author(s):  
Eva Sellström ◽  
Sven Bremberg ◽  
Albert Chang
Keyword(s):  
Day Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Day Care Centers ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Common Coding ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Local Injury ◽  
Set Up

In the developed countries, an increasing number of children are enrolled in day-care centers. When parents leave their child in a day-care center they expect high standards of health and safety. Accidental injuries are a major threat in this age group. In a comparable institution that serves children, the school, the risk of injury is higher than in the home environment.1-2 Thus, safety in day-care centers cannot be taken for granted. A few studies of injuries in day-care centers have been reported, from the Nordic countries2,3-5 and from the US.6-10 Most of these studies, however, have been small and most lack information on time of exposure. Information about the risk of injury in Swedish day-care centers might be of interest as enrollment has been high for a long time. In Sweden, within the frame of a national injury program,11 a number of local hospital- and health center-based injury report systems have been set up. All have a basic common coding. These systems enable compilation of injuries in day-care centers on a national basis. The aim of our study was to analyze child injuries in day-care centers as reported in 10 local injury registry systems in Sweden regarding incidence, type, and mechanism of injury. METHOD Data were compiled from 10 local injury registry systems, covering 1- to 2-year periods. The earliest registers were from the years 1983 to 1984 and the latest from 1991. These systems were set up in all medical institutions at a predefined level, covering all individuals in a total or a part of a county.

scholarly journals Do parasites adopt different strategies in different intermediate hosts? Host size, not host species, influences Coitocaecum parvum (Trematoda) life history strategy, size and egg production

Parasitology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. RUIZ DANIELS ◽  
S. BELTRAN ◽  
R. POULIN ◽  
C. LAGRUE
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Host Size ◽  
Life Strategy ◽  
Amphipod Species ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Resource Limitations ◽  
Coitocaecum Parvum

SUMMARYHost exploitation induces host defence responses and competition between parasites, resulting in individual parasites facing highly variable environments. Alternative life strategies may thus be expressed in context-dependent ways, depending on which host species is used and intra-host competition between parasites. Coitocaecum parvum (Trematode) can use facultative progenesis in amphipod intermediate hosts, Paracalliope fluviatilis, to abbreviate its life cycle in response to such environmental factors. Coitocaecum parvum also uses another amphipod host, Paracorophium excavatum, a species widely different in size and ecology from P. fluviatilis. In this study, parasite infection levels and strategies in the two amphipod species were compared to determine whether the adoption of progenesis by C. parvum varied between these two hosts. Potential differences in size and/or egg production between C. parvum individuals according to amphipod host species were also investigated. Results show that C. parvum life strategy was not influenced by host species. In contrast, host size significantly affected C. parvum strategy, size and egg production. Since intra-host interactions between co-infecting parasites also influenced C. parvum strategy, size and fecundity, it is highly likely that within-host resource limitations affect C. parvum life strategy and overall fitness regardless of host species.

HEALTH IN THE SUBJECTIVE ASSESSMENTS OF MARRIED URBAN RESIDENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
A.I. Antonov ◽  
◽  
V.M. Karpova ◽  
E.N. Novoselova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
The Family ◽  
Self Assessments ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Value Of Health

Significance. The self-assessment of the health of Russians, as well as the real indicators of health, is lower than in the developed countries of the world. Studies of this indicator can serve as a scientific basis for the development and implementation of preventive programs in the field of health and a healthy lifestyle. Purpose: determining the place of health in the hierarchy of values, establishing the level of satisfaction with health, and the characteristics of health self-assessments among married urban residents. Material and Methods. Research of the Family Sociology and Demography Department of the Sociological Faculty of Lomonosov Moscow State University (2018-2019) “Interregional sociological and demographic study of the family-child lifestyle values” (SeDOJ-2019), supplemented by data from the European Social Survey (8th and 9th waves, 2016, 2018-2019) and Rosstat data. Results. The analysis shows that health occupies a leading position among life values. The value of health is higher for the elderly, as well as for those who are in a registered marriage and have children. Self-assessments of health and marital status are not unambiguously related, at younger ages there is practically no dependence on status, with increasing age it becomes positive, especially for men. An increase in the number of children in a family has practically no effect on the subjective assessments of women's health and has a positive effect on men's self-assessments. Satisfaction with the children's health grows with the growth of the number of children among respondents of both sexes. Higher levels of education and income have a positive effect on self-reported health and satisfaction. There is an inverse relationship between age and self-assessments of health, as in the whole world, but in Russia, the fall in self-assessments with age is deeper and occurs at younger ages than in Western Europe. Scope of application. The data presented in the article can serve as the basis for a differentiated policy aimed at increasing the value of health, improving the degree of its implementation in the practices of self-preserving behavior, as well as strengthening the intrafamily transmission of healthy lifestyle values in Russian society.

Reproductive Factors and the Risk of Endometrial Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aus Tariq Ali
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Reproductive Factors ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
First Child

AbstractEndometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of women in developed countries, and its incidence is 10 times higher than in developing countries. Endometrial cancer is most common in the sixth and the seventh decades of life; thus, postmenopausal women have a higher risk of developing the disease compared with premenopausal women. The increased incidence and prevalence of endometrial cancer can be explained by the increase in life expectancy, increased caloric intake, increased obesity rates, and other changes in lifestyle and reproductive factors. Among the reproductive factors, the risk of endometrial cancer is positively correlated with a younger age at menarche and late age at menopause, infertility, null parity, age of the first child, and long-term use of unopposed estrogens for hormone replacement therapy. Protection against endometrial cancer has been detected with increase parity, the use of combined oral contraceptives, and increased age of women at last delivery. The relationship between endometrial cancer risk and miscarriage, abortion, ovulation induction drugs and in vitro fertilization is still controversial.

Psychosexual Study of Communist Era Hungarian Twins

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Metneki ◽  
Adam Domonkos Tarnoki ◽  
David Laszlo Tarnoki ◽  
Levente Littvay ◽  
Andrew Czeizel
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Divorce Rate ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
First Sexual Intercourse

Our aim in this study is to describe the characteristics of sexual development in twins and estimate the role of heritability and environmental factors as causes of certain sexual disorders. Two hundred and ten adult same-sex twin pairs (92 monozygotic [MZ] female, 41 MZ male, 55 dizygotic [DZ] female and 22 DZ male pairs) were involved in the study. Data were collected in 1982 by self-administered questionnaires that included items on sexual maturation, sexual life, contraception, mutual sexual activity within twin pairs and alcohol use. The ratio of married to unmarried twins was nearly the same in MZs and DZs, with the exception that the divorce rate was higher in MZ female twins (14%), and DZ and male twins were slightly more likely to be single. Menarche was later in twins compared to non-twin Hungarian women. 57% of MZs experienced menarche within 3 months of each other, 77% within 6 months while it occurred for 30% and 43% respectively in DZs. The first seminal emission indicated some delay in male twins compared with the Hungarian general population sample. MZ first kisses occurred later than DZ's first kisses. The same was true for the first petting, masturbation and first sexual intercourse. Anorgasmy is 27% heritable but the estimate is not statistically significant. Concordance rate for premature ejaculation in MZs was greater than in DZs but the structural equation model showed significant misfit. Age at menarche appeared to be strongly heritable.

Evidence for Shared Genetic Dominance Between the General Factor of Personality, Mental and Physical Health, and Life History Traits

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 555-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelio José Figueredo ◽  
J. Philippe Rushton
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Published Data ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Genetic Covariance ◽  
General Factor Of Personality ◽  
General Physical

AbstractWe reanalyze previously published data on 309 MZ and 333 DZ twin pairs aged 25 to 74 years from the MIDUS survey, a nationally representative archived sample, to examine how much of the genetic covariance between a general factor of personality (GFP), a lower-order life history factor, and a general physical and mental health factor, is of the nonadditive variety. We found nonadditive genetic effects (D) could not be ruled out as a contributor to the shared variance of these three latent factors to a Super-K Life History factor. We suggest these genetic correlations support the view that a slow (K-selected) life history strategy, good health, and the GFP coevolved and are mutually coadapted through directional selection.

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