scholarly journals Removal of oil spills by novel developed amphiphilic chitosan-g-citronellal schiff base polymer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mohamed Omer ◽  
Basant Yossry Eweida ◽  
Tamer Mahmoud Tamer ◽  
Hesham M. A. Soliman ◽  
Safaa Mohamed Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Oil Adsorption

AbstractA novel chitosan grafted citronellal (Ch-Cit) schiff base amphiphilic polymer was developed for the adsorptive removal of oil spills. The chemical structure was verified by FT-IR spectroscopy and 1H NMR spectrometer, while the morphological changes and surface area were investigated by SEM and BET analysis tools. The amphiphilic character of Ch-Cit schiff base was controlled through variation of the grafting percentage (G%) of citronellal from 11 to 61%. Dramatic changes in the ion exchange capacity (IEC), solubility and water uptake profiles were established, while the oil adsorption capacity was founded in direct relation with the G (%) of citronellal. Operational conditions such as oil amount, adsorption time, adsorbent dose and agitation speed were investigated. The developed Ch-Cit schiff base exhibited a higher surface area (115.94 m2/g) compared to neat chitosan (57.78 m2/g). The oil adsorption capacity of the Ch-Cit schiff base was greatly improved by 166% and 120% for light crude and heavy crude oil, respectively. Finally, the adsorption process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM).The results substantiate that the amphiphilic Ch-Cit schiff base could be efficiently applied as a low-cost oil-adsorbent for the removal of crude oil spills from sea-water surfaces.

scholarly journals Culture of Bacterium Bacillus subtilis as Degradation Agent in Attempt of Sea Water Remediation Contaminated By Petroleum

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Setyo Purnomo ◽  
Hamdan Dwi Rizqi ◽  
Lia Harmelia
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus ◽  
Simulated Seawater

Crude oil spills pose a serious threat to the marine environment. This is due to crude oil, in large part, is composed of aromatic, aliphatic, and alicyclic hydrocarbons which are toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic to the marine life. However, the degradation of crude oil spills with bacteria in simulated seawater media is rarely reported. In this study, oil spill in the seawater, especially petroleum, had been successfully degraded by bacterium culture Bacillus subtilis in simulated seawater under 7 and 14 days incubation.  Simulated seawater had synthesized based on ASTM D1141-98 for Standard Practice for the Preparation of Substitute Ocean Water. The petroleum recovery was analyzed using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.  In this research, the optimum recovery value of crude oil degradation by the bacterial culture obtained by octadecadienoic acid compound gave a percentage recovery of 8.20% and 8.87% after 7 and 14 days of incubation, respectively. This result indicated that the B. subtilis culture has the ability to degrade crude oil spill in simulated sea water.

scholarly journals Efficient and Fast Removal of Oils from Water Surfaces via Highly Oleophilic Polyurethane Composites

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Antonio De Nino ◽  
Fabrizio Olivito ◽  
Vincenzo Algieri ◽  
Paola Costanzo ◽  
Antonio Jiritano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Oil Adsorption ◽  
Polyurethane Composites ◽  
Fast Removal

In this study we evaluated the oil adsorption capacity of an aliphatic polyurethane foam (PU 1) and two of its composites, produced through surface coating using microparticles of silica (PU-Si 2) and activated carbon (PU-ac 3). The oil adsorption capacity in diesel was improved up to 36% using the composite with silica and up to 50% using the composite with activated carbon with respect to the initial PU 1. Excellent performances were retained in gasoline and motor oil. The adsorption was complete after a few seconds. The process follows a monolayer adsorption fitted by the Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 29.50 g/g of diesel for the composite with activated carbon (PU-ac 3). These materials were proved to be highly oleophilic for oil removal from fresh water and sea water samples. Regeneration and reuse can be repeated up to 50 times by centrifugation, without a significant loss in adsorption capacity.

scholarly journals Efficient Adsorption of Deoxynivalenol by Porous Carbon Prepared from Soybean Dreg

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Ying ◽  
Di Zhao ◽  
He Li ◽  
Xinqi Liu ◽  
Jian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Material ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bet Analysis

A novel porous carbon adsorbent for the removal of deoxynivalenol was prepared from soybean dreg (SD). The new material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, N2 adsorption/desorption measurement techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The specific surface area of the SDB-6-KOH was found to be 3655.95 m2 g−1, the pore volume was 1.936 cm3 g−1 and the average pore size was 2.125 nm. The high specific surface area and effective functional groups of the carbon material promoted the adsorption of deoxynivalenol. By comparing the adsorption effect of SDB-6-X prepared with different activators (X: KOH, K2CO3, KHCO3), SDB-6-KOH had the highest adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity of SDB-6-KOH to deoxynivalenol was 52.9877 µg mg−1, and the removal efficiency reached 88.31% at 318 K. The adsorption kinetic and isotherm data were suitable for pseudo-second-order and Langmuir equations, and the results of this study show that the novel carbon material has excellent adsorptive ability and, thus, offers effective practical application potential for the removal of deoxynivalenol.

THE EFFECTIVENESS ABSORPTION TEST OF LUBRICATING OIL WASTE AND HSD FUEL WITH NATURAL FIBERS (DURIAN SKIN)

JOURNAL ASRO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahman ◽  
Wawan Kusdiana ◽  
Ayip Rivai ◽  
Heru Hadi Suseno
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Oil Platforms ◽  
Offshore Oil Platforms ◽  
Tanker Accidents ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Ship Operation

Pollution of sea water due to oil spills often occurs. Among them are tanker accidents, explosions of offshore oil platforms, ship operation errors and waste from the petroleum and coal industries. Oil spills in the sea often cause pollution which leads to damage to biological resources and damage to the underwater ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to determine the process and processing, and to determine the ability of durian skin to adsorb lubricating oil waste and HSD fuel. This research was conducted by processing the waste with variations of time 2, 5, and 10 minutes. And with variations in durian skin size of 0.25 mm², 1 mm², and 9 mm². With drying of durian skin between 1-15 days with 1-30 days. Then the results were analyzed to determine the efficiency of absorbing durian skin. The results of STTAL laboratory studies showed an increase in durian skin mass after undergoing a process of adsorption of lubricating oil waste and HSD fuel. Thus, the optimal durian skin time and size obtained on lubricating oil waste is 10 minutes with a surface area of 1 mm², mass of 4 grams in drying for 1-30 days. With efficiency of 82.54%. Whereas the HSD fuel is 10 minutes with a surface area of 0.25 mm², mass 4 grams on drying for 1-15 days. With an efficiency of 86.03%.Keywords: Durian skin, adsorption of lubricating oil waste, HSD

Initiating In Situ Burning of Difficult-to-Ignite Oil Spills via an Aircraft-Deployable Igniter System

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 1821-1833
Author(s):  
Benjamin T. Goodman ◽  
Ross A. Davidson ◽  
Eric S. Sievert ◽  
Leslie Wood ◽  
Vincent H. Homer
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Ignition System ◽  
Fire Point

ABSTRACT Igniting a crude-oil spill in situ is a two-step process. First, the oil must be heated above the fire point such that sufficient flammable vapors are present to allow sustained burning. Second, the flammable vapors must be ignited. Different crude oils have different fire points due to different chemical compositions and the fire point can change over time due to volatilization of the lighter components. Factors such as wind, current, water entrainment, oil spill thickness, and temperature can affect the heat transfer to the oil spill, preventing it from reaching its fire point. As such, a large amount of heat may not ignite an oil spill if it is not of sufficient duration because it does not first heat the oil to its fire point. A light hydrocarbon such as diesel or gasoline is often used as an accelerant to ignite oil spills due to flexibility, low cost, and availability. The ignited accelerant creates a small pool fire in the middle of the larger oil spill that provides a sufficient heating rate over a sufficient duration. The heating rate of the initiating fire is proportional to the surface area of the burning accelerant. The duration of the initiating fire is proportional to the thickness of the burning accelerant. Surface area versus thickness can be controlled by use of a gelling agent. The largest challenge to deploying a liquid-accelerant igniter from an aircraft is safely lighting it in a manner that does not endanger the aircraft and will not extinguish when the igniter impacts the oil spill, especially when the oil spill is over water. A delayed-reaction, chemical ignition system paired with gelled accelerant in a manner that is suitable for deployment from aircraft is described. Test results of this ignition system against a weathered crude-oil surrogate are presented.

scholarly journals Preparation and Application of Titanate Nanotubes on Dye Degradation from Aqueous Media by UV Irradiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Liu ◽  
Wein-Duo Yang ◽  
Hui-Ju Chueng ◽  
Bin-Qiao Ren
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Titanate Nanotubes ◽  
Hydrothermal Temperature ◽  
Bet Analysis

Titanate nanotubes were synthesized by a hydrothermal method using commercial TiO2powder and then used as a photocatalyst. The titanate nanotubes were synthesized by varying the hydrothermal temperature from 110°C to 180°C. The morphological changes and phase transformation of the TiO2nanotubes were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The particles’ scattering behavior was investigated by Raman studies, and the surface area of the nanotubes was determined by a Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) analysis. Comparative studies show that the surface area of nanotubes increases with increasing temperature up to 130°C. The catalytic behavior of the synthesized nanotubes was also studied. The as-prepared titanate nanotubes were applied to methylene blue (MB, an organic dye) degradation in aqueous media by UV irradiation. Approximately 99% of the dye was removed from the aqueous media using 2 g/L titanate nanotube when the initial dye concentration was 9 mg/L. The total irradiation time was 2 h.

Crude Oil Adsorption on Fe2O3/EPDM Composite to the outside Environmental Variations

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 191-193
Author(s):  
Xiu Qi Liu ◽  
He Qin Xing
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Adsorption Time ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Oil Adsorption ◽  
Influence Of Ph

In our study, a new kind of material for oil adsorption was prepared by melt blending with EPDM as the matrix and roasting Fe2O3as the filler. By considering the influence of pH, temperature, stirring speed on adsorption capacity. The results showed that the environmental pH has little effect on the crude oil absorbency of the composite; “Room temperature” is the optimum temperature; increased the stirring speed can reduce the adsorption time.

Development and Characterization of Amine-Clay Hybrid Adsorbents for CO2 Capture

2016 ◽  
Vol 1133 ◽  
pp. 547-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali E.I. Elkhalifah ◽  
Mohammad Azmi Bustam ◽  
Azmi Mohd Shariff ◽  
Sami Ullah ◽  
Nadia Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Adsorption Ability ◽  
Stepwise Increase ◽  
Inverse Effect ◽  
Bet Method ◽  
Sodium Form

The present work aims at a better understanding of the influences of the intercalated mono-, di- and triethanolamines on the characteristics and CO2 adsorption ability of sodium form of bentonite (Na-bentonite). The results revealed that the molar mass of intercalated amines significantly influenced the structural and surface properties as well as the CO2 adsorption capacity of Na-bentonite. In this respect, a stepwise increase in the d-spacing of Na-bentonite with the molar mass of amine was recorded by XRD technique. However, an inverse effect of the molar mass of amine on the surface area was confirmed by BET method. CO2 adsorption experiments on amine-bentonite hybrid adsorbents showed that the CO2 adsorption capacity inversly related to the molar mass of amine at 25 ͦC and 101 kPa. Accordingly, Na-bentonite modified by monoethanolammonium cations adsorbed as high as 0.475 mmol CO2/g compared to 0.148 and 0.087 mmol CO2/g for that one treated with di- and triethanolammonium cations, respectively.

scholarly journals Effective Poly (Cyclotriphosphazene-Co-4,4′-Sulfonyldiphenol)@rGO Sheets for Tetracycline Adsorption: Fabrication, Characterization, Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1540
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ahmad ◽  
Tehseen Nawaz ◽  
Mohammad Mujahid Alam ◽  
Yasir Abbas ◽  
Shafqat Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Adsorption ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
High Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium Data

The development of excellent drug adsorbents and clarifying the interaction mechanisms between adsorbents and adsorbates are greatly desired for a clean environment. Herein, we report that a reduced graphene oxide modified sheeted polyphosphazene (rGO/poly (cyclotriphosphazene-co-4,4′-sulfonyldiphenol)) defined as PZS on rGO was used to remove the tetracycline (TC) drug from an aqueous solution. Compared to PZS microspheres, the adsorption capacity of sheeted PZS@rGO exhibited a high adsorption capacity of 496 mg/g. The adsorption equilibrium data well obeyed the Langmuir isotherm model, and the kinetics isotherm was fitted to the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption of TC was an exothermic, spontaneous process. Furthermore, we highlighted the importance of the surface modification of PZS by the introduction of rGO, which tremendously increased the surface area necessary for high adsorption. Along with high surface area, electrostatic attractions, H-bonding, π-π stacking and Lewis acid-base interactions were involved in the high adsorption capacity of PZS@rGO. Furthermore, we also proposed the mechanism of TC adsorption via PZS@rGO.

scholarly journals Magnetically Recyclable Wool Keratin Modified Magnetite Powders for Efficient Removal of Cu2+ Ions from Aqueous Solutions

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1068
Author(s):  
Xinyue Zhang ◽  
Yani Guo ◽  
Wenjun Li ◽  
Jinyuan Zhang ◽  
Hailiang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Ion Adsorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wool Keratin

The treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals and the utilization of wool waste are very important for the sustainable development of textile mills. In this study, the wool keratin modified magnetite (Fe3O4) powders were fabricated by using wool waste via a co-precipitation technique for removal of Cu2+ ions from aqueous solutions. The morphology, chemical compositions, crystal structure, microstructure, magnetism properties, organic content, and specific surface area of as-fabricated powders were systematically characterized by various techniques including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analyzer. The effects of experimental parameters such as the volume of wool keratin hydrolysate, the dosage of powder, the initial Cu2+ ion concentration, and the pH value of solution on the adsorption capacity of Cu2+ ions by the powders were examined. The experimental results indicated that the Cu2+ ion adsorption performance of the wool keratin modified Fe3O4 powders exhibited much better than that of the chitosan modified ones with a maximum Cu2+ adsorption capacity of 27.4 mg/g under favorable conditions (0.05 g powders; 50 mL of 40 mg/L CuSO4; pH 5; temperature 293 K). The high adsorption capacity towards Cu2+ ions on the wool keratin modified Fe3O4 powders was primarily because of the strong surface complexation of –COOH and –NH2 functional groups of wool keratins with Cu2+ ions. The Cu2+ ion adsorption process on the wool keratin modified Fe3O4 powders followed the Temkin adsorption isotherm model and the intraparticle diffusion and pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic models. After Cu2+ ion removal, the wool keratin modified Fe3O4 powders were easily separated using a magnet from aqueous solution and efficiently regenerated using 0.5 M ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)-H2SO4 eluting. The wool keratin modified Fe3O4 powders possessed good regenerative performance after five cycles. This study provided a feasible way to utilize waste wool textiles for preparing magnetic biomass-based adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions.

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